Tomas Esnara Keweg

1. Bears go to sleep for the winter. (It entails that bears do not do hunting or any activity
during winter.)

2. New Arsenal signing Mesut Oezil admits that he had no intention of leaving Real Madrid
until realizing that he risked being left on the sidelines in the Spanish capital.
Meaning in this text= transitive verb
to put out of action : put on the sidelines
Different meanings:
Noun=
1 : a line at right angles to a goal line or end line and marking a side of a court or field
of play for athletic games
2 a : a line of goods sold in addition to one's principal line
b : a business or activity pursued in addition to one's regular occupation
3 a : the space immediately outside the lines along either side of an athletic field or
court
b : a sphere of little or no participation or activity —usually used in plural

3. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the
bright day of justice emerges. (Metaphor: It is a strong and determined force of a
certain group of people who seeks for something…)

4. Starting the engine of the car was a piece of cake. (Idiom: The task or job is too easy to
do.)

5. Otto Jesperson, the great Danish Linguist, ridiculed the view that a particular dialect is
better than any other when he wrote:…(The underlined NP in this sentence has only
reference, but no sense.)

6. On Tuesday, Green Mouse set out. (The underlined NP in the sentence has only sense,
but no reference.)

7. For many years, American Indian languages were banned in federal and state schools on
reservations. Speaking Faroese was formerly forbidden in the Faroe Islands. …( banned
and forbidden are synonyms)
8. Language and dialects have also been banned as a means of political control. Russian
was the only legal language permitted by the Russian tsars,…( banned and permitted
are antonyms; they are complement antonyms)

9. The policeman(NP1) telephonesVt the police station(NP2) in Aberdin.

(Telephones=present tense; third person singular; transitive verb; eventive verb)
(The policeman/NP1= must be a singular subject of the transitive verb; must be human
being/living entity; male (in this case); a count noun)
(The police station /NP2=object of the transitive verb/receiver of the action; living
entity/human in the station in order to answer the telephone call; a receiver can be a
male or female; a count noun

10. She smelled broccoli.

Verb: smelled=transitive verb
Thematic roles:
She=agent
Broccoli=theme
 Tomas Esnara Keweg

1. English is the most widely spoken language in the world. (It entails that English compare
to any other languages is mostly spoken or used by any individuals not only in English
speaking countries but also in non-English speaking countries all over the world).

2. Although Murray immediately broke back, he lost out in the tiebreak, with a double
fault and a slice into the net allowing Istomin to serve out the set.
Meaning:
Noun: A flight of a ball that deviates from a straight course in the direction of the
dominant hand of the player propelling it; also: a ball following such a course
Different meanings:
Noun:
a : a thin flat piece cut from something
b : a wedge-shaped piece (as of pie or cake)
a spatula for spreading paint or ink
a serving knife with wedge-shaped blade

3. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the
bright day of justice emerges. (Metaphor: It is a strong and determined force of a
certain group of people who seeks for something…)

4. Starting the engine of the car was a piece of cake. (Idiom: The task or job is too easy to
do.)

5. Otto Jesperson, the great Danish Linguist, ridiculed the view that a particular dialect is
better than any other when he wrote:…(The underlined NP in this sentence has only
reference, but no sense.)

6. On Tuesday, Green Mouse set out. (The underlined NP in the sentence has only sense,
but no reference.)

7. For many years, American Indian languages were banned in federal and state schools on
reservations. Speaking Faroese was formerly forbidden in the Faroe Islands. …( banned
and forbidden are synonyms)
8. Language and dialects have also been banned as a means of political control. Russian
was the only legal language permitted by the Russian tsars,…( banned and permitted
are antonyms; they are complement antonyms)
9. She saw a nice, sunny spot.
Verb: saw= Transitive verb; past tense; tv of a second singular subject/NP1
Noun phrases of the transitive verb
She=NP1; pronoun; female; living entity; count noun; subject of the transitive verb saw
A nice, sunny spot=NP2; non-living entity (in this case); count noun; must be visible;
does not have gender; object of the transitive verb saw
10. She smelled broccoli.
Verb=transitive verb
Thematic roles:
She=agent
Broccoli=theme