THE EFFECT OF MIXTURE OF MUSCOVADO, HONEY OF BEE AND

COMMON SALT AS A FERTILIZER ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF RED

BEANS PLANTS (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS)

An Undergraduate Research paper

Presented to the
Faculty of the senior High school department
RC-AKIC science laboratory school

In partial fulfillment
Of the requirements for the course
Basic Research for Grade 12 (Stem)
2nd semester, A.Y.2017-2018

By

Bayabao, Norshida G.
H.isah, Asniah M.
Pagayawan, Johaima P.

June 1, 2018
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Nowadays, farmers always encountered some problems regarding the slow growing

of their crops and the quality of its outcome, they more often used natural substance such

distilled water as fertilizer due to the factors of lack of budget to buy a fertilizer product.

As a solution it will help them by applying the study to their farmland.

As observed, the benefit of muscovado can help the bean’s roots and stem to become

stronger and hasten its growth. Muscovado is the best deal when it comes to sweetness as it

brings the goodness of sugar cane to your taste. Muscovado is also a natural high energy

food source that quickly replaces lost vigor. It is stripped of all its natural components:

water, minerals and vitamins. These empty calories provide absolutely no nutritional

benefit. Other highly refined sweeteners such as fructose and corn syrup are put through

similar processes. However, natural sweeteners that have been concentrated by means of

dehydration or boiling still contain minerals and other nutrients. With this fact about

muscovado it would benefit the plants by applying it as a fertilizer.

The honey is very sweet substance that can make the beans bigger and look better

than ordinary beans so some of microorganisms do not grow on honey, it kills most types

of bacteria and mold, according to the National Institute of Health. Applying a bit of honey

to the end of a cutting can protect it from harmful bacteria or mold in the soil. Also it has

benefit to beans go beyond its great taste which provides strength and energy of the root

and stem of the plants.

 The salt is solid white substance that has a potential to kill the worms and bacteria

whose intention is destroys the beans plants. Salt helps improve flower blooming and

enhances a plant's green color, it can even help plants grow bushier, and therefore

Salt exists in water as ions. Up to a certain amount of the ions can be helpful to plants.

During absorption and transpiration of water, plants obtain some of the ions

they need to survive and grow and the less salt present in the water used to irrigate, the

more likely the water will not harm plants.

When the researchers used the 3 substance on the red beans, it enhances the growth,

consequent of plants and its leaves. So the researchers must say that this study about the

three substances will help the said plants on its growth and provide a good quality of

yields. This study will help them solve their problems.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Growth and yields of red

beans using fertilizer

 Height
Mixture of
 Width of leaves
muscovado,
Implications
honey and salt Growth and yields of red

beans without fertilizer

 Height

 Width of leaves
 The schematic diagram shows the relationship between the mixture of muscovado,

honey and salt and the growth and yields of red beans using fertilizer and without fertilizer.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The main problem of this proposal is to determine the effect of the mixture of

muscovado, honey and salt as a fertilizer on the growth and yield of red beans plants; it

attempts to answer the following research question:

1. What is the effect of the mixture of muscovado, honey and salt used as a fertilizer

on the growth of red beans in terms of height of plants?

2. What is the effect of mixture of muscovado, honey and salt used as a fertilizer on

the yield of red beans in terms of width of leaves?

3. Is there any significant relationship between mixture of muscovado, honey and salt

as a fertilizer on the growth and yield of red beans?

OBJECTIVES

Primarily, this research proposal aims to determine the effect of mixture of

muscovado, honey and salt as fertilizer on the growth and yield of white beans plants,

specially,

1. To determine the effect of mixture of muscovado, honey and salt used as fertilizer

on the growth of red beans.in terms of height of plants.

2. To determine the effect of mixture of muscovado, honey and salt on the yield of red

beans in terms of width of leaves.

HYPOTHESES

This study tackles about the theory or idea of researchers on this study.

Null Hypothesis: There is no significant relationship between mixture of muscovado,

honey and salt as a fertilizer the growth and yield of red beans.

Alternative Hypothesis: There is a significant relationship between mixture of

muscovado, honey and salt as a fertilizer the growth and yield of red beans.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The researcher found it interesting to undertake this study because of its relevance

and benefits in upgrading the 3 substance in farmland. Despite the uncertain regarding

what cause the positive effect seen when we use the mixture of muscovado, honey and salt

affected on the growth of beans plants has stimulated development of a growing number of

the fertilizer we used in the beans.

Farmers. This will help the farmers by making the said mixed substance as their

fertilizer, which could benefit their harvest.

Agriculture. The use of study has a very importance to the agriculture because it

can make the farmland growing plants properly and improve.

Consumers. Also it can benefit them because of snugger beans, and will not have

worries about the amounts they will spend to buy beans.

Future researcher. This study could be their reference materials and may be the

source of information for their research regarding on this topic.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

This study is limited only on the use of mixture of muscovado, honey and salt as a

fertilizer on the growth and yield beans. These three substances that we used to produce a

liquid fertilizer of beans, the researcher will still allow the plant samples in natural

conditions.

The study was conducted at cabingan, marawi city, lanao del sur with generating

experiments, it is occurred at the period of April to May 2018

DEFINITION OF TERMS

In this study the researchers used some words that might be confusing to the

readers. Terms are defined conceptually to be able to overcome this confusion.

Muscovado. Muscovado, also Khandsari and Khand, is a type of partially refined

to unrefined sugar with a strong molasses content and flavour. It is technically considered

either a non-centrifugal cane sugar or a centrifuged, partially refined sugar according to

the process used by the manufacturer. Muscovado contains higher levels of various

minerals than processed white sugar, and is considered by some to be healthier.

Honey. A sweet, viscous, food substance produced by bees and some insects.

Salt. Table salt or common salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride

(NaCl), a chemical compound belonging to the larger class of salts, salt in its natural form

as a crystalline mineral is known as a rock salt or halite. This white substance is used

especially to flowers or preserves foods that can kill the worms and bacteria.
 Red beans. It’s a seed of one several of the flowering plants family fabaceae,

which are used for human or animal food.

Growth. The process of growing. Full development: maturity. An increase, as in

size, Fertilizer a chemical or natural substance added to soil or land to increase its fertility.

Yields. Produce or provide (a natural, agricultural, or industrial product).

Fertilizer. a chemical or natural substance added to soil or land to increase its

fertility.
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES

This chapter presents a review of related literature; it discussed the importance of

muscovado, honey and salt to further support the present problem being studied. There are

number of researchers about the use of muscovado, honey and salt to the plants. It includes

a brief discussion and the researchers are summarized this given literature findings to

support their concerning the use muscovado, honey and salt.

RELATED LITERATURE

According to Michael Adams, Francine gimunder, Mathias hamburger, numerous

plants have been used to treat age related cognitive disorders.

In traditional herbal medicine, numerous plants have been used to treat age related

cognitive disorders. In this review we compiled available literature from four swiss

university libraries, scientific journals' and online database query's on plants and remedies

used in traditional medical systems for such diseases.

Over 150 plants species in various preparations and mixtures were found.

European herbals from the 16th and 17th century alongside traditional sweetener of

increasingly the economic importance after a long process of displacement by refine sugar.

By searching the analytical literature with the different names of Wcs (jaggery, gur,

kokuto, panela, chancaca, piloncillo, rapadura, muscovado, unrefined sugar, black sugar).

The studies examined whether participants understood the meaning of "salt" and

"sodium" fewer than half of participants in six studies correctly identified that salt contains
sodium. Two studies with higher proportions of respondents who were able to do so

include groups of health care professional.

RELATED STUDIES

According to The Cochrane Library indicated that honey might be able to help heal burns.

The lead author of the study said that "topical honey is cheaper than other interventions,

notably antibiotics which are often used and may have other deleterious side effects."

However, there is a lack of evidence to fully support this claim. In fact, a study published

in The Lancet Infectious Diseases concluded that applying medical-grade honey to the

wounds of among patients undergoing dialysis.

Honey should never be given to young infants as it can cause botulism, a rare but severe

type of food poisoning.

Some studies have revealed that Manuka honey may even be effective for the treatment

infections.

In 2010, scientists from the Academic Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam

reported in FASEB Journal that honey's ability to kill bacteria lies in a protein called

defensin-1.

A study published in the journal Pediatrics, which compared honey to placebo in helping

children with a cough during the night, found that honey was superior. The researchers

conclude
 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the method and processes of acquiring the needed data in the

light of the problems being observed. It shows the research design and methodology,

sampling procedures, and statistical tools.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The study employed the parallel-group designs, which are the control group and

experimental group.

Table 1

The table shows the experiment that contains control group, independent variable,

the selected treatments and the evaluations results which the (T-Test) formula was used to

calculate them.

Height of Red Beans/ POT 1 Mixture of POT 2 Distilled Water

Width of leaves Muscovado, Honey and (Control Goup)

Salt
rd
3 Day X X
6th Day X X
9th Day X X
12th Day X X
15th Day X X
Mean X X
 The table shows that the researchers used (Pot1) muscovado, honey and salt as a

treatment, and (Pot2) distilled water as a selected control group. The numbers of

observations were five consultations under three weeks. On ever day the researchers

fertilized the red beans plants and after three days the researchers collected the data using

transparent ruler in terms of centimeter to evaluate the results of the experimentation.

MATERIALS AND METHOD

Research locale and time of study: the study was conducted at cabingan, msu marawi

city, Lanao del sur on the period of April to May 2018.

Material: The mixture of muscovado, honey and salts as fertilizer were preapared, the

equipment used are the following: bowl, table, spoon, 2 pot, stirring rod, and transparent

ruler to measure the height and width.

Sampling procedures: the procedure on how to plant and mixed fertilizer are the

following:

1. The bowl, table spoon, and the 3 substance used as fertilizer were prepared.

2. 2 pots with seeds planted, each pot has 5 seeds of red beans.

3. Mixture of muscovado, honey, and salt with 1 cup of water.

4. Proceed on fertilizing the plants, already mixed muscovado, honey and salt were

used on first pot, the dstilled water as a control group was used on the second pot.

5. Observation.

PROCEDURES
 1) Mixture of Muscovado,Honey and 2) Red Beans plants seed.
Salt

3) Used 2 Pot contains soils 4) Put 5 seeds inside the each pot.

5) Add the mixture of: 6) Observation

o muscovado
o Honey o Measurement
o Salt o Fertilized everyday
o Collect data after 3 days

7) Data collection

o Growth/Height(cm)
o Yield/Wide(cm)

The table shows the procedure of experimentation of treatment group, the used fertilizer

for the red beans were mixture of muscovado, honey and salt.

1) Distilled Water 2) Red Beans plants seed.

3) Used 2 Pot contains soils 4) Put 5 seeds inside the each pot.

5) Add the mixture of: 6) Observation

o muscovado
o Honey o Measurement
o Salt o Fertilized everyday
o Collect data after 3 days

7) Data collection

o Height of plants
o Width of leaves

The table shows the procedure of experimentation of control group, the used fertilizer for

the red beans was distilled water.

STATISTICAL TOOLS

A t-test is an analysis of two population means through the use of statistical

examination; a t-test with two samples is commonly used with small sample sizes, testing

the difference between the samples wen the variances of two normal distributions are not

known. Standardized test statistics are used in hypothesis testing. The general formula is:

Standardized test statistic: (statistic-parameter)/ (standard deviation of the statistic).

The formula by itself doesn't mean much, unless you also know the three major forms of

the equation for z-scores and t-scores. One sample t-test is used to compare the mean of

population to specify theoretical mean, the level of significance or (p-value) corresponds to

the risk indicated by the t test table for the calculated.

Given Formula:

t= ΣD
NΣD² (ΣD) ²
N-1

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONS ON DATA

 This chapter presents, analysis and interpretation the data gathered by the

researchers, The objective of this study

Table 2.1 Height of the Red Beans with Two Treatments such as Mixture of

Muscovado, Honey and Salt and Distilled Water as control group.

Height of Red Beans POT 1 Mixture of POT 2 Distilled Water

Muscovado, Honey and (Control Group)
Salt
3rd Day 3.70 6.00
6th Day 7.00 11.90
9th Day 11.50 17.00
12th Day 14.80 22.00
15th Day 19.00 29.00
Mean 11.20 17.18

Table 2.1 presents the height of the red beans using the treatments such as mixture of

muscovado, honey and salt and distilled water. It shows the height of the red beans from its

3rd day to its 15th day of growing. At its 3rd day, it has 3.70 cm using the mixture of

muscovado, honey and salt while 6.0 cm using distilled water only; on its 6th day, 7.00 cm

and 11.90 cm; on its 19th day, 11.50 cm and 17.00 cm; on its 12 th day, 14.00 cm and 22.00

cm; and on its 15th day, 19.00cm and 29.00 cm. The mean of using the mixture of

muscovado, honey and salt is 11.20 cm and 17.18 cm.

Table 2.2 Width of the Red Bean’s Leaves with Two Treatments such as Mixture of

Muscovado, Honey and Salt and Distilled Water as control group

Width of Red Bean’s POT 1 Mixture of POT 2 Distilled Water

Leaves Muscovado, Honey and (Control Group)
Salt
3rd Day 1.40 1.40
6th Day 2.50 2.10
9th Day 3.70 3.10
 12th Day 5.00 5.60
15th Day 5.20 6.00
Mean 3.56 3.64

Table 2.2 presents the width of the red bean’s leaves using the treatments such as mixture

of muscovado, honey and salt and distilled water as a control group. It shows the width of

the red bean’s leaves from its 3rd day to its 15th day of growing. At its 3rd day, it has 1.40 cm

using the mixture of muscovado, honey and salt while 1.40 cm using distilled water only;

on its 6th day, 2.50 cm and 2.10 cm; on its 19 th day, 3.70 cm and 3.10 cm; on its 12 th day,

5.00 cm and 5.60 cm; and on its 15th day, 5.20 cm and 6.00 cm. The mean of using the

mixture of muscovado, honey and salt is 13.56 cm while using distilled water only is 3.64

cm.

Table 2.3 T-Test Results of the Height and Width of the Red Beans with Two

Treatments such as Mixture of Muscovado, Honey and Salt and Distillled Water as a

control Group.

Mixture of
Muscovado, Computed Value Tabular Value Remarks
Honey & Salt/
Distilled Water

Height of Red -1.2420 Significant

Beans 1.8600

Width of Leaves -0.0680 Significant

 Table 2.3 presents t-test resulta of the height and width of the red beans using the

treatments such as mixture of muscovado, honey and salt and distilled water.

The table shows that the computed value – 1.2420 is in the range of 1.8600 as the

tabular at 0.05 level of significance. This means that the null hypothesis is being rejected.

That is, there is a significant difference between the height of the red beans using the

mixture of muscovado, honey and salt and distilled water. The t-test also shows that by the

mean in terms of height using the distilled water is much effective than using the mixture

of muscovado, honey and salt.

The table shows that the computed value – 0.0680 is in the range of 1.8600 as the

tabular at 5% level of significance. This means that the null hypothesis is being rejected.

That is, there is a significant difference between the width of red bean’s leaves using the

mixture of muscovado, honey and salt and distilled water. The t-test also shows that by the

mean in terms of width using the distilled water is much effective than using the mixture of

muscovado, honey and salt.

This implies that the distilled water is much effective on the growth and yields of

red beans.
 CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter discusses about the summary of finding, conclusion and

recommendation based on the gathered data.

Summary

This research was intentionally made to determine the effect of mixture of

muscovado, honey and salt as a fertilizer on the growth and yields of red beans. This study

was conducted at cabingan, msu marawi city, lanao del sur for the S.Y. 2018.
 More specifically the researcher south to answer the following questions:

1. What is the effect of the mixture of muscovado, honey and salt used as a fertilizer

on the growth of red beans in terms of height of plants?

2. What is the effect of mixture of muscovado, honey and salt used as a fertilizer on

the yield of red beans in terms of width of leaves?

3. Is there any significant relationship between mixture of muscovado, honey and salt

as a fertilizer on the growth and yield of red beans?

Conclusions

Based on the findings of this study, the researchers came up with the following

conclusions:

1. The researchers concluded that the said mixture of 3 substances must be more

effective and efficient on performing the procedure for the planting and estimating

the 3 substance for fertilizing, if it is not performed properly these may cause fail

outcomes of the study.

Recommendations

Based on the result of findings and conclusions, the researchers came up with the

following recommendations:

2. The researchers recommend that the said mixture of 3 substances must be more

effective and efficient on performing the procedure for the planting and estimating
 the 3 substance for fertilizing, if it is not performed properly these may cause fail

outcomes of the study.

3. For the future researcher regarding this topic, these may help them to get some

information.