1. Ten thousand pounds per hour of a 6% solution of salt in water is fed to an evaporator.

Saturated solution is produced, and some of the salt crystallizes out. The hot crystals, with
some adhering solution, are centrifuged to remove some of the solution. Then the crystals are
dried to remove the rest of the water. During a 1-hour test, 837.6 lb concentrated solution was
removed, 198.7 lb solution was removed from the centrifuge, and 361.7 lb dry crystals were
removed from the drier. Previous tests on the centrifuge show that it removed about 60% of
the adhering solution. What is the solubility of the salt? How much water is evaporated in the
evaporator and how much water is evaporated in the drier?

(A) 132g/ 100g water, 6192 lb, 67 lb (C) 132g/ 100g water, 9162 lb, 57 lb
(B) 132g/ 100g water, 5312 lb, 37 lb (D) none of the above

2. Crystallization of a solute from a solution may be brought about by reaching supersaturation

through any of the following except

3. The solubility of manganous sulfate at 20 0C is 62.9g/100g water. How much MnSO45H2O

must be dissolved in 100 kg of water to give a saturated solution at 20 0C?

(A) 261 kg (C) 87 kg

(B) 161 kg (D) 112 kg

4. Crystals of sodium carbonate decahydrate are dropped into a saturated solution of sodium
carbonate in water at 100 0C. What percent of sodium carbonate in the sodium carbonate
decahydrate is recovered in the precipitated solid? The precipitated solid is sodium carbonate
monohydrate. Data at 100 0C: The saturated solution is 31.2% sodium carbonate; the
molecular weight of sodium carbonate is 106.

(A) 20 (C) 30
(B) 25 (D) 35

5. A water solution contains 60% Na2S2O2 together with 1% soluble impurity. Upon cooling to
10 0C, Na2S2O25H2O crystallizes out. The solubility of this hydrate is 1.4 lb Na 2S2O25H2O/lb
free water. The crystals removed carry as adhering solution 0.06 lb solution/lb crystals. These
are dried to remove the remaining water (but not the water of hydration). The final dry
Na2S2O25H2O crystals must not contain more than 0.1% impurity. To meet this specification,
the original solution, before cooling, is further diluted with water. On the basis of 100 lb of
the original solution, how much water must be added before cooling and what is the percent
recovery of Na2S2O2 in the dried crystals?

(A) 23 lb, 69% (C) 23 lb, 75%

(B) 28 lb, 43% (D) 28 lb, 81%
(A) Cooling
(B) Evaporation of solvent
(C) Heating
(D) “Salting out” by adding a substance, which reduces the solubility of the substance in
question.

6. In purifying sodium sulfate, 700 lb of crude salt cake are dissolved in water to form a
saturated solution at 30 0C. Iron removal treatment removes 0.40% of the original charge
chemically and adds 150 lb of water to the process. What is the quantity of sodium sulfate
pentahydrate crystals formed when the solution is cooled to 10 0C? [Solubility (Parts of
anhydrous sodium sulfate per 100 parts of water): at 10 0C, 8.92; at 30 0C; 40.90]

1
 (A) 1360 lb (C) 1063 lb
(B) 1603 lb (D) 631 lb

7. How much CaCl26H20 must be dissolved in 25 kg of water at 68 0F to form a saturated

solution? The solubility of CaCl2 at 68 0F is 6.7 gmol anhydrous salt per kg of water.

(C) 312.17 kg (C) 133.16 kg

(D) 100.35 kg (D) 161.33 kg

8. A solution of MgSO4 at 160 0F containing 50g of MgSO4 per 100g of water is fed to a cooling
crystallizer operating at 60 0F. If the solution leaving the crystallizer is saturated, the rate at
which solution must be fed to the crystallizer to produce 500 kg of MgSO47H20 per hour is

(A) 1940.26 kg (C) 1430.26 kg

(B) 403.26 kg (D) 930.26 kg

9. 1000 kg of sodium bicarbonate is dissolved in sufficient water to form a saturated solution at

60 0C. Assuming that 0.5% of the weight of the original solution is lost through evaporation,
calculate the crop of crystals (sodium bicarbonate) obtained when cooled at 20 0C. Solubility
of sodium bicarbonate in water is 9.6g and 16.4g per 100g of water at 20 0C and 60 0C,
respectively.

(A) 573 kg (C) 214 kg

(B) 302 kg (D) 418 kg

10. 20 kg of MgSO4 is dissolved in 60 kg of water. If the enthalpy of the solution formed is –20
BtU/lb solutions, what is the temperature of the resulting mixture?

(A) 201 0F (C) 37.8 0C

(B) 58.5 0C (D) 100 0C