Tecnologia Da Cor e CPC 24 PDF

Introduction to Printing Technology Module 7.
Quality Control and Integration -

Color Measurement and Control
Print Media Academy
Heidelberg
© Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG • W.Wallowy • 01.02.2001 • Quality Control and Integration E M7• Page: 1
Introduction to Printing Technology
Anlass der Präsentation, 14 pt, Arial, fett Module 7.0
Quality Control and Integration

7.0 Quality Measurement and Control based on
CP-Systems and colorimetric analysis
7.1 Integration of Prepress and Press -
a process information
Quality Control in Printing Systems
Quality Control in Printing
Evaluation criteria for printing quality:

• Visual control for:
slur, doubling, smearing, offsetting
• Color measurement systems for quality
control outside press:
• Color balance and dot gain
• Color variations
• Possible support tools:
Standard light sources, color control
strips, control fields for slur, gain or
sharpening
Offset Printing Press from 1962
KOR of Heidelberg
Perfecting press from 1979
SM102-2
Comparison of make-ready times

Sheet travel
settings Impression cylinder
Blanket wash-up
wash-up
Format and
material change
Plate
change
Ink and register settings
Computer Print: Ink metering duct
Four Color Printing
Introduction to Quality Control outside the press Systems
Introduction to Color Measurement and Control
ControlSystems
InterfaceSystems
RegisterSystems
ManagementSystems
Introduction to Quality Control outside the press Systems
System Components for controlled Quality
DataControl Plate Image Reader PrepressInterface
CP2000 Center
QualityControl ImageControl AutoRegister
QualityProof
Introduction to Quality Control outside the press Module 7.01
• Features
• Genuine spectral color measurement.
• Spectral measurement uses objective
numeric values for color.
• Color is exactly and reproducibly
described by 3 values in the
L*a*b color space
• Measuring as the human eye sees color.
• Objectives
• Stable ink balance from the beginning
• Reduced make-ready time
• Reduced paper waste and complaints
due to poor quality management
Introduction to Quality Control outside the press Colorimetric
Why do we see colors?
Color is Light
Electromagnetic waves - what can we see...?
X-rays UV IR
TV
Gamma Micro Wave Radar Broadcasting
FM SW AW LW
1pm UV 1µm IR 1mm 1m
Radio 1km
TV
1pm 1nm 1µm 1mm 1m 1km
Wave Length
Luminous spectrum
Ultravoilet light
Infrared light
400 500 600 700 nm
700 nm

Measure and maintain
Different color perception are Light source Sprectral Measuring

based on the optic nerves of the
human eye
Man
Object
ce Spec
refl ectan tral r
Spe ctral eflec
tance
Objective
Eye Optics with

receiver
Visual receptors Color matching
functions of the
blue green red standard observer
Stimulation Spectral values
“Subjective” “Objective”
color sensation ? Color coordinates

Three conjunctions making color visible
Type of light
2.0
Color temperature of white light: S (λ)
Bulb 3500 K Relative radiant power
Tube 5000 K 1.5
Color proof 6500 K
Monitor “White” up to 9000 K
1.0
Illuminated Object and Remission
Standard Observer 0.5
Visual perceiving of the human eye

(Physiology), 0.0
400 500 600 700 nm
Color sensation in our brain (Psychology)
The Influence of Different Lights

CIE illuminants D 65, D 50, C and A
3.0
Terms: Metamery S (λ)
One object and two different light sources (λ)
2.5 S
- we see a different color
2.0
Standard illuminants
Relative spectral distribution

• Standard illuminants are similar to average A
1.5
daylight A
• Light effects the color perception

• All light sources are different 1.0 D 65
• In standardization of color evaluation a C
defined light source is to be determined - 0.5

D 50
D 50 is CIE-Standard
0.0
400 500 600 700 nm
Additive and subtractive color mixture
Why do we see the color red?
Paper
Subtractive color mixture
Paper
Paper
Paper
Color control strips: Color patches
Densitometric Measurement
In reflection densitometry the ink to be measured is illuminated by a light source
Density value Density value Density value

0.00 0.60 1.40
100% 100% 100%
100% 80% 50%

Densitometers
are color blind
Dot gain in Film and Print
Print characeristic
Film characteristic
DV = 1.50
Dot gain in screen film and print

Measurement control elements
Proof control strip
Reference values for make-ready from chemical proofs
Print control strip
Automatic grey field control when printing process colors
Color Control System
ImageControl
Spectral Measurement
Measurement principle of a Spectrophotometer
Printing press
CPC 1
Computer
Light source
380 nm 730 nm
Diodes
Optical lense
Reflecting mirror
Fibre-optic cable
0°
45°
Seeing color
Object
as people see it
Quality Control: Measuring head
Systems of color classification
CIE Color space Euroscale

Color Space CIELAB
To describe colors numerically the

color spectrum has to be fanned
+ 100 +b* out. At 100 we see the fully “Hue” of
color as we moved around.
+ 100
n
tio Calculation
ra
atu +a* = 51.2
+b* = 48.4
S
- 100
-a* + 100 +a*
The a-axis runs from green to red.

The b-axis from blue to yellow.
The lightness axis L runs from 0 (black) to
100 (white)
Hue of color
- 100
- 100
-b*
Color coordinates
Spectral Measurement
Color reflectance
1.0
• Color is exactly and reproducibly described cyan
by 3 values in the
0.5
L*a*b color space
• Measurement in 10 nanometers steps
0.0
• Measuring as the human eye sees color 400 500 600 700 nm
1.0
• Spectral measurement more objective than magenta
densitometric measurement 0.5

• Can measure any color within the color
spectrum accurately
0.0
400 500 600 700 nm
1.0
yellow
0.5
Precise color control 0.0

400 500 600 700 nm
Describing Color in Printing

CIELAB color space L*, a*, b*
The 3 dimensions of color

White L* = 100
• Lightness = L* (0 to 100)
• Hue = a*& b* axis (color spectrum 100)
• Saturation = a*& b* axis (shade 0 to 99)
Yellow +100
b
*
- a
Green -100 a *
- Red +100
*
b
*
Blue -100
Black L* = 0
Measuring Color in Printing

Color deviation E
Results of the calculation

White act. ref. dif.
L* 100 L* = 75.3 - 70.0 = 5.3
a* = 51.2 - 55.0 = -3.8
b* = 48.4 - 54.0 = -5.6
E* = 5.3 2 + (-3.8) 2 + (-5.6) 2 = 8.6
Actual value
L* = 75.3
E
54.0
Reference value
L* = 70.0
48.4
b*
51.2 55.0
- a* a*
- b*
Controlling Color in Printing

Color differences
E = color difference
up to 1 = very small
1 to 2 = small
2 to 3.5 = medium
3.5 to 5 = clear
over 5 = marked
Samples of color differences
Original
E1
E2
E 3.5
Quality Control Systems

Suitable applications
X = suited for process colors

l = suited for special colors Densitometer Spectral
( ) = partially suited
Ink formulation l
Ink setting (adjusting)
standards using reference values l)
X (l X l
reference from proof * X l
reference on basis of color * X l
reproduction from orginal* (repro) X l
identifying suitable ink * X l
color matching* (comparing) X l


l = suited for special colors
Densitometer Spectral
Measurement
solid density l)
X (l X l
dot gain l)
X (l X l
ink trapping (relative) l)
X (l X l
ink trapping* (absolute) X l
metameric index* X l
sensory accuracy* X l


l = suited for special colors Densitometer Spectral
Controlling production run

on the basis of solid patch l)
X (l X l
basis of mono halftone-patch l)
X (l X l
basis of multicolor halftone-patch (X) X l
in the image* X l
recognising ink spoils* X l
recognising changes in stock* X l
Give The Press Eyes

To see color the way you do...!
Introduction to Quality Control outside the press Module 7.0.2
ImageControl
Introduction to Quality Control outside the press ImageControl
ImageControl - Features
• Off-line like QualityControl

• Genuine colorimetric color evaluation
by spectrophotometry
• Measuring in the image without color
control strip possible
• Measuring table with suction air for
holding the sheets and touchscreen
operation
• Color printer for job protocols
• Multi press operation
Touchscreen Monitor and Operator Guidance
• Graphical user interface via touch

screen
• Clear display of all operation
elements
• Ergonomical operation via
adjustable touch screen
• System automatically detects and
adjusts to 40”, 28” and 20” sheet
formats
• Measuring is initiated on the
touchscreen monitor, which will
guide the operator into the
program steps
• Operation is easy to learn
The Hardware
Measuring bar
Measuring table
color monitor
TouchScreen
color printer
Base PC
Electronic
Module
(Size 2200x1113x1105 mm)
The measuring principle of spectral quality control
Press
CPC 1
Computer
Spectral remission
380 nm 730 nm
Dioden
Light source
Diffraction grating
Multiplexer
The measuring sensor scans the
sheet. When printing multiple-ups, a
scan in a single image can be defined
as a reference.
Printed sample
Functions
• ImageControl is a color-measuring device for

quality control in the image
• Possibility of combined application - color control
strip and image measurement
• Measuring of straight printing and perfecting
• Monitoring of the deviations
• Automatic analysis of process and special colors
• Recommended correction corresponding to the
ink zones of the CP-ink fountains
• Relay of adjustment recommendations to the
press
• Automatic display of deviations from reference
value
Easy-to-Use operating elements
• Touchscreen monitor display

• Full sheet screen view of the
printed sheet
• Display of color deviations
• Operation elements
• Machine selection
• Job name
• Display of color values
• Measuring start
• Error display
• Online-help
High degree of accuracy

2.0 x 2.4mm
• Breakdown of the printed image into more
than 160,000 measurement points
• Yields more information than a color bar
• . color values
Monitoring of
• L*a*b*
• Density
• Customer standards
• Other references
• Analysis of the printed sheet
• ∆c E color deviation
Make-ready possibilities
• Make-ready with color control strip

• according to in-house standards, densities Lab values and image
measurement during production run
• Make-ready without color control strip
• by using repeat job data
• by means of existing full-page proofs
• by taking over reference values from color tolerance cards
• by using reference values from the digital prepress with the
PrepessInterface CIP3 (when available)
Introduction to Quality Control outside the press Modul 7.0.3
Quality Assurance - QualityProof
• Features
• Hand held printer mounted on the print
console
• Interfaced to CPTronic/CP2000 Center
press control
• Benefit
• Documented production sampling quality
checks
Support for quality assurance
Introduction to Quality Control outside the press QualityProof
Quality Assurance - the printer`s “assistant”
• Pre-programmed automatic indication

when it´s time to pull
• Acustical and optical signal is indicating
the time to pull sample sheets
• The printer imprints the recorded counter
status onto the pull sheet
Standardized production registration
Introduction to Quality Control outside the press QualityProof
Quality Assurance - Production Registration
• Effective documentation of systematic

production quality assurance
• Sample ink and register checks during
production
• Information imprinted onto sample
sheets
Job1
• Accreditation under ISO 9000
Job1
Counter status
and job designation Job1
Register Control System Module 7.0.4
In-line automatic register
• World first system for sheet-fed

• Fully automatic measuring and control
of register in-line in the machine
• Also available for perfecting e.g.
4 x 4 or 5 x 5
• Controls lateral, circumferential and
diagonal register simultaneously
• Automatic operation
• Small register marks
Control marks require only 4mm

of space on each side
Register Control System Systems
Automatic Inline – Register Control
• Measurement bar with two sensor heads

• Sensor heads move to the corresponding
ink zones
• Automatic adjusts to zero register
Measuring bar above impression cylinder
• Corrections made via CPC 1-04 or
CP2000 Center
AutoRegister
• Correction of register deviation of

1/100 mm
• Register marks require less lateral space
• Automatic register adjustment during
make-ready
• Continuous register control during
production, based on:
• zero reference
• OK- sheet reference
• Further reduced make-ready times and
less paper waste
• Decreased workload and easy operation
AutoRegister
Control marks
AutoRegister
AutoRegister
Plate Image Reader Module 7.0.5
Plate Image Reader
• Pre-determination of the press inking

requirements from the printing plates for ink
zone pre-setting during make-ready
• Easy operator control, based on Heidelberg
CPTronic/CP2000 Center press control
• Flexibility regarding plate types
• Multi-metal plates
• Polyester plates
• Waterless plates
• Information transfer to CP
• Off-line via job memory card
• On-line via Data Control
• Pre-calculation of ink consumption
Plate Image Reader DataTransfer
Functions
• Two measuring sensors

• Automatic zone calibration
• High measuring accuracy ±1%
• Fast and precise presetting of the CP-ink
fountains
• Reduced make-ready times and paper
waste based on high measuring precision
High precision in all image areas,

regardless ink coverage percentage
Integration Prepress + Press
Anlass der Präsentation, 14 pt, Arial, fett Module 7.1
Quality Control and Integration

7.0 Quality Measurement and Control based on
CP-Systems and colorimetric analysis
7.1 Integration of Prepress and Press -
a process information
Integration Prepress + Press Modul 7.1
CP2000 Center
CP2000 Center
CP2000 Center und ImageControl
Networked Production
Integration Prepress + Press Systems
Press connection with PrepressInterface - CIP3
• Make-ready without color control strip

• Using values from the digital prepress
Raster Image
Processor - RIP
Color reference values

Prepress
Interface
CPC 32
Presetting values
of the ink zones
CP2000
Center ImageControl
Integration Prepress + Press Systems
PCM-Print Color Management Workflow
RIP
CMYK Printing plates Printed sheet
design
Plate
exposure
ICC profile Ink
Post Press
presetting
Creative
Selected
values
Results
Open Interface
(Color Management Data storage
Software)
Prepress Press
Integration Prepress + Press Module 7.1.1
PrepressInterface - Process Information
Integration Prepress + Press Data Transfer
PrepressInterface - Integration of Prepress, Press and Postpress
Digital prepress data for

• Computer-to-Film
• Computer-to-Plate
• Presetting of printing presses
• Presetting of cutting machines
• Presetting of folding machines
CIP 3 - Cooperation for Integration of

Prepress, Press and Printing
• Basis for PrepressInterface is CIP3

• Standardized and neutral graphic industry
computer interface for:
• 1. Prepress
• 2. Press
• 3. Postpress
• Print Production Format (*.PPF) is a universal,
non-proprietary standard for print jobs that
transfers administrative data, low-resolution
halftone images
• The CIP3 group specified the PPF
Participate in the CIP3 group more than 40 members
• Adobe • Komori
• Agfa • MAN Roland
• Baldwin • Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
• Barco Graphics • Müller-Martini
• Creo • NTH Degree Software
• RR Donnelly • Polar Mohr
• Ekotrading Inkflow • Ryobi
• Eltromat Polygraph • ScenicSoft
• Ewert Ahrensburg Electronic • Scitex
• Fujifilm Electronic Imaging • Screen
• Gerber • Shinohara Shoji
• Graphics Microsystems • Toshiba Machine Co.
• Harlequin • Ultimate
• Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG • Rank Xerox
• Koenig & Bauer-Albert • Yamatoya
• Kolbus
PrepressInterface - CIP3
Ink zone presetting for CP-ink duct
• Display of CMYK and special colors

• Preview of printed sheet
Workflow Prepress to Press
PrepressInterface - CIP3 Functions
• Generation of precise ink coverage values

• Automatic selection of CIP3 files from the
digital prepress
• Data allocation to the corresponding printing
machine (paper format)
• Preview of printing sheet (front and back)
with ink zone settings
• Displays CMYK and spot colors
• Output of ink zone coverage values on the
Job Memory Card or on-line
System Requirements - Digital Prepress
• Electronic Imposition
• Print job must be available in
a completely digitized format
• Layout of individual pages to
perform electronic sheet
assembly
PrepressInterface - Workflow
Electronic Raster Image Computer-to-film or Plate production

imposition Processor - RIP Computer-to-plate
Print Production
Format PPF
External Job Memory Card drive for

the Job Memory Cards
Prepress
Interface - CIP3 Optional: On-line connection to DataControl
or the CP2000 Center
PrepressInterface Features
• Press Editor
• Software product runs under Windows NT
• Program-CD
• Dongle
• Drive for Job Memory Cards
• License
• ASCII file export for third-party presses
• Merges and separates color separations
• Displays the whole sheet and individuals
color separations
Market Applications - What fits where?
• Plate image reader to Job Memory Card

• Where no digital pre-press is used
• Conventional Films for Plates are
produced
• PrepressInterface to Job Memory Card

drive
• Digital Pre-press is being used
• Conventional Pre-press is still used
• PrepressInterface to Press
• Digital Pre-press is used
• On-line via DataControl
PrepressInterface - Without Network
Analogue Prepress workflow
Film assembly Plate exposure Plate development Plate Image Reader
Digital Prepress without Pressroom Network

Job Memory Card Station
Prepress Interface
CPC 32 PS or CIP3
Image film setter

Imposition
RIP
Plate setter
Plates
PrepressInterface - Online with Network
DataControl
Prepress Interface
CPC 32 - CIP3
Image film setter

Imposition
RIP
Plates
Plate setter
Digital work flow with DataControl Plates
PrepressInterface - Software Modul: CP2000 PresetLink
Features Network connection

• On-line transfer of ink preset data CIP3-Data to CP2000 Center
Ink preset
• Direct on-line link between prepress
data on-
and press line
• Complete digital workflow Standard
PrepressInterface CP2000 Module

CIP3 PresetLink
PrepressInterface - Amortisation
Calculation is based on 2 shifts, with 5 jobs each
100 % Digital
PrepressInterface - CIP 3
75 % Digital
50 % Digital
25 % Digital
0 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3
Years Return on Investment
Datentransfer
PrepressInterface - CIP3
Accurate presetting of inking

• Shorter make-ready times
• Less waste sheets during
make-ready
• High accuracy
• Easier plate handling
• Digital workflow
Technology and Process Integration is the Future
High Pre-
Pre-press Analogue Manual Press
Pre-
Pre-press Analogue CPC Press
Cost to produce
D.T.Publishing
D.T.Publishing CPC 31
C.T.Film Auto
Networked C.T.Plate
C.T.Plate Networked
Low
Time savings
PrepressInterface - Future Prospects
Integration, Administration and Production Module 7.1.2
Networked and open Production and Information System
Integration, Administration and Production DataControl
Combined Information of the Workflow for Multi-color Printing
Quality Control data

Press scheduling
& Pre-setting
Image
Pre-press Interface
Plate making
Production scheduling
Planning
Branch Production analysis

Software Pre-press in real time
scheduling
Production statistics
Sales & Management
Overview Finishing scheduling
& Pre-setting
Prepress
• Acquisition of work steps:

• Assembly
• Plate-making
• Job scheduling for pre-press
• Up-dated in real time
• Acceptance of the ink presettings
from PlateImage Reader
• Ink settings from PrepressInterface
• Sheet has to be produced digitally
Open Production System
• DataControl Software Modules: DataControl

• PrepressInterface
• Workplace interface
• Open interface for industrial software Interface open
• Direct data interface

in both directions
• Basic version, e.g.:
Fileserver, 2 workstations and press
terminal Industrial
software
• An open system for total and

digital workflow management
Production planning and control
• Very high degree of production transparency DataControl links

Administration with
• Electronic planning board Production
• Planning status is available automatically in real

time Industrial Software
• Shift progression Open interface
• Simulation mode
• Unlimited job archiving
• Transparent job management
• Improved utilization resources
Press room
• Job scheduling for the press room

• Press acceptance of production data
• Automatic press settings
• Repeat jobs settings from file server
• Connection to
• QualityControl
• ImageControl
Minimization of make-ready
times for increased press capacities
Business Information
• Management
• Statistical evaluation
• Graphical production analysis
• Decision aid for investment planning
• Real time production status
• Up-to-date information on the job
• Sales information
• Improved inter-communication
• Real time production status
• Up-to-date information on the job
• Improved communication with customers
Online-Production via WorkplaceInterface:

Finishing
• Integration of Polar cutters

• Integration of Stahl folders
• Job data at the machine terminal can
be called up
• Repeat jobs for Polar cutters
• Production data is constantly being
transferred from connected machines
to DataControl - uniform job data
acquisition
Networked Production
• Faster job throughput

• Fully automatic real time planning
• Production planning in areas
• Prepress
• Press
• Postpress
• Shorter make-ready times
• Automated pre-setting of the press
• Better future investment decision
• Press statistics provided
• Reduced down times
• No duplication of production
information
• On-line telephone/modem diagnosis
Integration, Administration and Production Summary
....Impressed ?!
• Automatic presetting
• Repeat jobs
• Reduced make-ready times due to
optimized information flow
• Objective organization and production
data
• Real time information
• Automatic evaluation of production data,
improved organization
• Handling job data only once, future
orientated service
• On-line for diagnosis purposes
Qualification requires Training
Eight training modules
Module 1
Module 2 Module 3 Module 4
The Printing
The different The Offset Perfecting
Industry’s
Printing Processes Sheetfed Press Technology
Market and Trends
Module 7
Module 6
Module 5 Quality Control Module 8
Digital
In-line Coating and Integration - Direct Imaging
Printing Press
and Drying Color Measurement Technology
Control
and Control
Please click on the module of your choice!
© Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG

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Introduction to Printing Technology Module 7.

Quality Control and Integration -

Quality Control and Integration

Quality Control in Printing

Evaluation criteria for printing quality:

Offset Printing Press from 1962

Perfecting press from 1979

Comparison of make-ready times

Ink and register settings

Computer Print: Ink metering duct

Four Color Printing

Introduction to Color Measurement and Control

System Components for controlled Quality

DataControl Plate Image Reader PrepressInterface

QualityControl ImageControl AutoRegister

Quality Control in Printing

Why do we see colors?

1pm 1nm 1µm 1mm 1m 1km

Quality Control in Printing

Different color perception are Light source Sprectral Measuring

Eye Optics with

Stimulation Spectral values

Quality Control in Printing

Illuminated Object and Remission

Standard Observer 0.5

Visual perceiving of the human eye

The Influence of Different Lights

Relative spectral distribution

• Light effects the color perception

• In standardization of color evaluation a C

defined light source is to be determined - 0.5

Additive and subtractive color mixture

Why do we see the color red?

Subtractive color mixture

Subtractive color mixture

Subtractive color mixture

Color control strips: Color patches

In reflection densitometry the ink to be measured is illuminated by a light source

Density value Density value Density value

100% 100% 100%

100% 80% 50%

Dot gain in Film and Print

Dot gain in screen film and print

Quality Control in Printing

Proof control strip

Reference values for make-ready from chemical proofs

Print control strip

Automatic grey field control when printing process colors

Color Control System

Quality Control: Measuring head

Systems of color classification

CIE Color space Euroscale

Color Space CIELAB

To describe colors numerically the

The a-axis runs from green to red.

densitometric measurement 0.5

Precise color control 0.0

Describing Color in Printing

The 3 dimensions of color

Measuring Color in Printing

Results of the calculation

Controlling Color in Printing

Samples of color differences