UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI

J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

IMPACT OF ON-THE-JOB TRAINING TO

HOTEL AND RESTAURANT SERVICES STUDENTS OF
HIGHER SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI

A Research Proposal submitted to the

Faculty of Higher School ng University of Makati

Submitted by:
Albuera, Jasson Alfred
Eisma, Jerome
Tabaday, Pherlyn Kaye
Tamo, Gracielle Mari
Uy, Paul Vincent

Submitted to:
Mr. Roberto Ilisan
Practical Research I
Professor
 UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI
J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
DEDICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ………….. ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
TABLE OF CONTENT ……………………………………………………………….. iv
CHAPTER 1: The Problem and it’s Setting Components
1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
1.2Background of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3 Statement of the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
1.4 Research Paradigm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
1.5 Conceptual Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.6 Scope and Delimitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
1.7 Significance of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.8 Definition of terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.9 Hypothesis ………………………………………………………………….14
CHAPTER 2 : Review of Related Literature and Studies
2.1 Conceptual Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.2 Research Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.3 Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
CHAPTER 3: Research Methodology
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.2 Research Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.3 Research Design …………………………………………………………………24
 UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI
J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to identify the current research trends and clarify how

training studies on hospitality management. The context of this study is hospitality and

with a focus about the training of the students. The study are mainly focus on the

knowledge, management, organizational, hospitality, and hotel industry. Conceptual

Studies of this research are limited with empirical studies representing a majority

knowledge research with a hospitality theme.

The highly competitive environment in which students requires to had a training

in a work field connected in their strand or course. Training is an essential process

which help the students to improve their knowledge and skills. The overall aim of the

dissertation is to assess the importance of training in the work field.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

CHAPTER 1 :
INTRODUCTION

According to Cheng and Ho (2001), positive training offered to employees usually assist

with the reduction of anxiety or frustration, which most employees have experienced on

more than one occasion during their employment careers. The hospitality and hotel

industry, is said to be one of the largest and vastly growing industries today. If sources

are to be believed, the hospitality and tourism sectors generate approximately 13.45

million jobs. University of Makati made a related course to Hospitality Industry, Hotel

and Restaurant Services and the students of Higher School of UMak chose this

strand/course. Some of the problems that come up in a practicum are customer support,

maintenance problems, food and timing. Customer supports refers to the responsibility

of the company to address the needs and wants of the consumers. It is an essential

system that a business may acquire in order to meet the customers satisfaction.

Another problem to take into consideration is maintenance problem, a problem in which

refers to the ability of the company to adhere the conversation of its operation. It deals

with keeping the workplace clean in order. Lastly, a problem in food and timing. It talks

about the service of the food and timing to meet the customers standard.

This study focuses on the impact of on-the-job training to students and it’s

organizational performance. It was inspired by the fact that some organizations do not

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

seem to care about improving the capacity skills of the trainees. To tackle the research

problem, the researchers had a major objective to find out what hinders on-the-job

training students to produce a better service. Schools that provide tourism and

hospitality courses emphasize the significance of practical training and build efforts to

develop internship programs for students (Hsu & Tsai, 2011) The researchers wants to

emphasize training methods design and its implementation during the training and

development programs. Generally, employees work contribution was greatly improved

the skills of the trainees. Hence, it could led to positive impact and a better service on

their performance and an improvement in their skills & job efficiency.

This study should be solve, to know the impact of on-the-job training to

enhance their knowledge and skills. It’s seem like it would mainly benefit for students

after all, students trained and skilled increases and they will be a students with a

productivity and growth mind..It provide students an opportunity to practice what they

have learned in the classroom and to close the gap between college learned theory

and practical reality by acquiring information about skills, interests, and career choices

in real working situations (Walo,2001; Ko, 2007; Lee, 2007). It helps to develop their

career of the individual students and the prosperous growth of their skills. The purpose

of this study is to help the students to know the nature of their chosen field.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

On-the-Job Training is an important topic when it comes to the chosen field. The

responsibilities of a student in the hospitality industry are continuously changing.

Successful leaders are enthusiasm to respond to the changing needs and challenges in

their organization (Woods & King, 2002). Changes have to occur in the provision of

training and skills development in the hospitality industry.. It helps to develop the career

of the individual and improved skills of the students . On-the-Job Training is a form of

training provided at the workplace. Students are trying to familiarized with working

environment they will become part of. Students or trainees also get a hands-on

experience. Recognized that higher and general skills of the students have to be added

to the crafted curriculum as employees need to be more responsive to the changing

environments. In essence, a balance needs to be found between practice and training.

Hospitality programs across the world can be uniquely administered based on

where they are housed. Part of being a trainee is to face challenges that occur during

the training. On-the-job training program is the most popular method of training in some

other countries. It’s effectiveness is based on the use of existing workplace. On-the-job

Training train the students how to work in their chosen field. To the industry exposure

and experience for students, many programs offer internships or cooperative learning

experience to provide controlled industry settings.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

(Beggs, Ross, and Goldwin 2008 ; Dickerson & Kline, 2008) The Training of

Hotel and Restaurant Services experience and understand of how hospitality industry

operates in professional setting. Reigel (1995) defines hospitality education as a

multidisciplinary field, which brings the perspectives of many disciplines. The field

requirements have given rise to different types of specialized programs through which

students learn their skills in order to succeed in this industry.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

. Experiencing real job situations are important for students so that their expectations

about their future career are fairly realistic (Lam & Ching, 2007).

Based on the said statements, this research study seeks to answer the questions :

• What is On-the-Job Training?

• What are the strategies and techniques on On-the-Job training?

• What are the impact of on-the-job training to Hotel and Restaurant Services

students of Higher School ng University of Makati?

•What recommendation propose to help impact of on-the-job training program?

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

This study aims to determine if the program developed and enhanced the students

knowledge and skills is required in order to become more responsive to the demands

of Hotel and Restaurant Profession. This study will be covering the Grade12 students of

University of Makati under Hotel and Restaurant Services strand specifically those

students who have successfully experienced and have undergone through such on-the-

job training as a part of their completion throughout their subject course. The

researchers considered K-12 Students to be the respondents of this research as they

have the proper knowledge and skills of having an on-the-job training experience which

will be responded by 70 selected K-12 students of Hotel and Restaurant Services

Strand.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

DEFINITION OF TERMS

HOTEL AND RESTAURANT SERVICE STUDENTS – the respondents of the study.

IMPACT – the term used to determine the effect of the study to the students
have a strong effect on someone or something.

ON-THE-JOB TRAINING – the subject/topic of the study. is a hands-on method of

teaching the skills, knowledge, and competencies needed for employees to perform a

specific job within the workplace.

UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI – the place where the study was conducted.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study highlights importance of hospitality and tourism industry and the
provision of training and education services to meet those needs most especially to the
new graduates of Hotel and Restaurant Services. This study will benefit the certain
groups of people, specifically:
Hotel and Restaurant Services Students. This study would be beneficial

to them as the subject of the research paper is part of their curriculum itself,

henceforth they would the importance of training as an element of their career

pathway.

Parents. They would also be benefitting into this research paper because

they would be able to prepare themselves with the needs that they need to fulfill

all throughout their child’s education.

School and Universities. They would benefit from this study because

they would be able to gather information on how to further enhance and improve

the effectiveness of education specially for skilled people under the courses and

programs related to the strand of Hotel and Restaurant Service.

Hotel and Restaurant. Establishments and business would be benefitting

in this research paper for the outcomes in this paper would help on the

betterment of the education of the future people that will work on developing in

the said industry. Hence, creating a better and greater quality of workforce.

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Future Researchers. This study would help the future researchers

someday that are gathering on the same study or at least with the similarity with

this making this study as one of their preference.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

The study is which the trainee acts only according to the instructions specified.

The amateur stage is where he is guided to do something in a clear-cut way. The

competent stage is where the trainee is able to perform the tasks assigned. Proficient

level trainees are able to see the important aspects of the skills, which can be

performed better while expert trainees are no longer, bound by rules as they are able to

accomplish things independently. The model by Dreyfus and Dreyfus (1980) describes

the stages which one must go through before he reaches the level of expertise.

However, it does not involve other social aspects that support the skills development

process. Brandt, Farmer, and Buckmaster (1993) explain the concept of apprenticeship

skills formation through five stages which are different from that proposed by Dreyfus

and Dreyfus (1980) but involve similar aspects of staging skills level. The model is

divided into two stages i.e. cognitive modeling and behavioral modeling. This stage only

involves the observation of the behavior of the instructor. The leveled approach also

involves an attempt to gain skills and the process of reflection on what is being done.

Gradually, the levels diminish the role of teachers and improve the ability of trainees.

The ability of trainees is increased and they are finally able to perform according to the

needs of the next level of self-directed learning. The final stage is when they are able to

generalize the skills of the trainees in other tasks that require similar skills. The nature

of the training in the public sector has changed over the recent decades.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

Traditionally, training was considered to be job-focused, limited to the technical

skills and abilities needed by public employees to perform specific tasks. As such, it was

differentiated from education, which was considered to be broader in scope, more

oriented toward a range of future jobs and generally provided by institutions of higher

learning. Traditionally, individuals obtained their education first and subsequently

received training in the work environment.

Recently, the distinction among training, education, and development has

become blurred (Van Wart, Cayer, and Cook, 1993). As public organizations find

themselves needing to help employees learn about new technologies and skills,

training, in many instances, has begun to look like what has traditionally been called

education

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

RESEARCH LITERATURE

According to Michael Armstrong “Training is systematic development of the

knowledge, skills and attitudes required by an individual to perform adequately a given

task or job.” This study presents the current state of the impact of on-the-job training

and proposes a research agenda for future research. Experience in the workplace can

have either positive or negative effect on students self perception.

This study examines experiences of hotel and restaurant students, and to

better identify the positive and negative effect of training. Students can benefit from

experience outside the academic’s classroom. Generally, this is done through

employment at an industrial establishment (work experience) or through internship

opportunities. The work experience of hotel and restaurant services students internship

to better benefits. (Alonzo and O’neil ,2011) discussed many challenges of the students

finding good quality help, regardless of the school environment; generally, this included

a lack of basic skills, poor attitude and work ethic.

Campbell & Kuncell (2001) suggested that on-the-job training is one of the most

effective interventions in the field of hotel and restaurant. Beyond the acquisition of

knowledge & training also helps employees and organizations to improve performance,

training can be considered from a number of different perspective. It can focus on

different types of content, primarily categorized technical and awareness.

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It can be delivered using training approaches, methods & media. Jacob (2003)

pointed out not all training occurs in On-the-Job Training settings in an organizations. A

review of literature of the history of training reveals that much of its origin come from the

use of training located on the job training.

Mendoza as cited by Bahian (2008) asserted that the students level of

achievement in significantly related to the On-the-Job Training, what the students learn

from the classroom is what the students apply to the On-the-Job training. Cristobal’s

(2008) respondents overall perception toward relevance and suitability along On-the-

Job training, the problems encountered by the students in On-the-Job training were

slightly serious as shown by the weighted. According to program for the knowledge

skills and competencies of the task and activities included in the On-the-Job training are

not really require higher knowledge, skills, and competencies learned in the classrooms .

One of the most urgent challenges faced by economies in Latin America and the

Carribean is to increase the pace of their productivity growth, increasing productivity in

the region requires strategies that reallocate resources from less productive firms to

more productive ones. However, efforts should also be made to increase within firm

efficiency through policies that improve production technologies and processes, a

developing strategies that skill formation in the workforce. However, the agenda for

change should not stop there, as human capital formation does not end with school.

Among the set of schooling investments, On-the-Job training can play essential role.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

CHAPTER 3 :
METHODOLOGY

This chapter covers study design, methods, and a study instrument. This

study aims to determine the how on-the-job training really help the students of Hotel and

Restaurant Services students. The purpose of Chapter 3 is to describe in more detail

the methodology used to achieve the research objectives of this study.

The chapter describe how the study was made and who are he people who

help the researchers to finish this study. And this chapter outlines the research design,

method, used, sample, sampling technique, and the instrumentation of the study.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

RESEARCH DESIGN
This study aims to determine the perception on the impact of On-the-Job

training to Hotel and Restaurant Services students of Higher School of University of

Makati. It’s goal is to determine the perception on how training helps the students to

improve their skills and thereupon the researcher choose a qualitative research design

for the achievement of the aforesaid goal. No variables were used by the researchers to

control and manipulate the data gathered or findings in this study. The data containing

this research came purely from the questionnaire answered voluntarily by the

respondents.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

The researchers design a self-administered questionnaire for the data

gathering process to get qualitative data. The primary aim of the questionnaire is to

determine the perception on the advantages and disadvantages of On-the-Job training

to Hotel and Restaurant Services students in University of Makati. This research used

an open question in the questionnaire; hence it prompts the respondents to answer with

sentences, list and stories, giving deeper and new insights without limitations. The

questionnaire is composed ten (10) open questions that usually identify first a general

issue and then ask more detailed questions about this issue.

•In your own understanding, what is on-the-job training?

-Where and when did you experience on-the-job training?

-What is On-the-Job training for?

•In your own experience, what is the strategy and techniques that you’ve learn in the

training?

- What is the most effective strategies that helped you a lot in the training?

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-How the strategies and techniques can support the students to improve their

skills and knowledge?

•What is the impact of On-the-job training to the students?

-What are the benefits of on-the-job training?

- What are the problems that the students encounter in the training?

•What are the recommendations to help the students in the training?

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES

The researchers prepared an open type questionnaire that aims to draw and

collect reliable answers from the respondents for the improvement of the study. Data

defines as information especially facts or numbers, collected to be examined and help-

decision making (Merriam-Webster, 1828) In order to support this study, the

researchers conducted a data gathering to prove the validity and the reliability of this

study about the impact of On-the-Job training to Hotel and Restaurant Services

students.

The intended target respondents were ten (10) students, and they will be

randomly selected and will be coming from Grade 12 HRS students. First, before data

gathering the researchers approach some Professor to validate the research

instrument. Then, the researchers waited for the approval before administering the

questionnaire to the selected respondents.

After the approval of Research Instrument, the comment or suggestion from the

professors has been noted and used to enhance the quality of items before collectiong

the data. The researchers used a laptop in improving and revising the research.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

DATA ANALYSIS
This study used a researcher-administered questionnaire to data from the Grade

12 Hotel and Restaurant Service students of Higher School of University of Makati. The

researchers reassured the respondents that all data gathered were filed and

systematically organized. All steps have been done to make sure that the respondent’s

perception about Impact of On-the-Job training to Grade12 HRS students. The

researchers followed relevant steps to secure the confidentially and purity of the

responses and result. Data was analyzed with the use of thematic analysis; henceforth,

the identifying of the pattern of meaning across a data set will be done to describe the

responses from respondents. Data collected by the researchers has been organized

with proper precautions into tables to maintain the transparency and clarify of the

significant information.

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CHAPTER 2: REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE

CONCEPTUAL LITERATURE
In the field of hotel management, training and development is the field concerned with

organizational activity aimed at improving the performance of individuals and groups in

organizational settings (Harrison, 2005). According Cole (2002:330), training is a

learning activity directed towards the acquisition of specific knowledge and skills for the

purpose of an occupation or task. The focus of training is the job or task for example,

the need to have efficiency and safety in the operation of particular machines or

equipment, or the need for an effective sales force to mention but a few. According to

Butler (2010), training is directly related to the skills, knowledge, and strategies

necessary to do a particular job. It can include teaching staff members new 10 skills,

exposing them to unfamiliar ideas, giving them the chance to practice and get feedback

on particular techniques or styles of working with people, or simply encouraging them to

discuss their work with one another. Development however is a process that strives to

build the capacity to achieve and sustain a new desired state that benefits the

organization or community and the world around them (Garavan et al., 1995). Training

and development therefore describes the formal, ongoing efforts that are made within

organizations to improve the performance and self - fulfillment of their students through

a variety of educational methods and programmes.

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It is very difficult for an employee to perform well at the job place without any pretraining

(Garavan, 1997). Trained employees perform well as compared to untrained employees

(Partlow, 1996; Tihany et al., 2000; Boudreau et al., 2001). It is very necessary for any

organization to give its employees training to get overall goals of the organization in a

better way (Flynn et al., 1995; Kaynak, 2003; Heras, 2006). Training and development

increase the overall performance of the organization (Shepard et al, 2003). Although it

is costly to give training to the employees but in the long run it give back more than it

took (Flynn et al., 1995; Kaynak, 2003; Heras, 2006). Every organization should

develop its employees according to the need of that time so that they could compete

with their competitors (Braga, 1995). Training is the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and

competencies as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge

that relate to specific useful competencies. In this study training is viewed as a means of

not only fostering the growth of the individual employee but as an integrated part of

organizational growth. Ngirwa (2009), defined training as a “learning process in which

employees acquire knowledge, skills, experience and attitudes that they need in order

to perform their job better for the achievements of their organizational goals”. This

definition shows the bridge between job requirements and employee present

specifications. Training can therefore be seen as a systematic process of increasing the

knowledge and skills of the staff for doing a specified job by providing a learning

experience.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

Armstrong, (2008), defined training as the planned and systematic modification of

behavior through learning events, programs and instructions, which enable individuals

to achieve the levels of knowledge, skill and competence needed to carry out their work

effectively. This definition means that for any organization to succeed in achieving the

objectives of its training program, the design and implementation must be planned,

done systematically and tailored towards enhancing performance and productivity. Also

training gives the employee or trainee the required skills, 12 technical knowledge and

competencies needed to perform his or her present job effectively or to prepare the

employee to fit a higher job involving higher responsibilities. Training not only develops

the capabilities of the employee but sharpen their thinking ability and creativity in order

to take better decision in time and in more productive manner (David, 2006).

. On-the-job training requirements in different universities is essential for every

students because it prepares the students to become familiar with the possible nature of

their career that they chose. Lowry and Flohr (2005:34) state that students, on the other

hand, are best able to judge their own level of preparedness as they are the ones who

are going through the process of learning, which is part of the curriculum .

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RESEARCH LOCALE

The study took place at University of Makati during the Second Semester

School Year 2018-2019. University of Makati is located at J.P. Rizal Ext., West Rembo

Makati City and was founded in the year 1972. University of Makati is the first university

in the Philippines to pilot Senior High School Program of Department of Education in

2012. In this addition, the school aims to produce graduates who will be professionally

competent, morally upright and socially responsible contributors to the national

program.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

RESPONDENTS

The researchers have come up with decision of getting respondents from

the selected Grade 12 Hotel and Restaurant Services students of Higher School of

University of Makati . The respondents of this research will be limited to ten (10)

randomly selected students. The researchers choose the respondents because they are

taking up Hotel and Restaurant Services strand that is in line with the topic of the study.

The sampling technique use is purposive sampling in which participant are selected

according to the need and purpose of the study.

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

DEDICATION

We dedicate our research study to the Almighty God for giving us the

strength and knowledge to finish this study.

To our Parents/Family, for the never ending support financially and moral

since we started this study.

To our Practical Research I Professor, Mr. Roberto Ilisan for teaching us

how to conduct this study and for being patient to our section since the first day.

To our Class Adviser Mr. Michael Alviar, for the support throughout the

process.

To our Friends/Classmates G11-05 HRS, for being there throughout the

entire study, We can do it!.

To Future Researchers of Tech-Voc Track, we’re hoping that this research

will serve as an information and inspiration to all of you. Thank you!

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SYNTHESIS

Students can benefit from experiences outside the academic classroom.

Generally this is done through employment at an industrial establishment (work

experience) or through training. Training is directly related to the skills, knowledge, and

strategies necessary to do a particular job. Training and development therefore

describes the formal, ongoing efforts that are made within organizations to improve the

performance and self - fulfillment of their employees through a variety of educational

methods and programmes. On-the-job training requirements in different universities is

essential for every students because it prepares the students to become familiar with

the possible nature of their career that they chose. On-the-job training is one of the most

effective interventions in the field of hotel and restaurant. Beyond the acquisition of

knowledge & training also helps employees and organizations to improve performance,

training can be considered from a number of different perspective

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J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

HYPOTHESIS

Training is a substantial organizational investment getting a satisfactory return on

investment means linking the training function and activities to the student’s overall

activity. The investment in people, both in developing and maintaining the appropriate

skills, is vital part of the organization’s strategy for the future. Like any investment,

investment in training should produce an effective and measurable payback. Effective

training enhances the knowledge, skills, attitudes and behavior of people and hence

their performance. The improved performance of individuals leads directly to profit.

Such a payback can be rapid and significant, yet it is rarely measured or presented in

financial terms.

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Also, training program is very helpful with the decision making process of a

student because it guides them on whether they would further like to be in that field

through training a student must find out what truly interest him/her so he/she would

really pursue what he/she wants.

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RESEARCH PARADIGM

ON-THE-JOB
TRAINING

STRATEGIES
AND
TECHNIQUES

IMPACT OF ON-
THE-JOB
TRAINING

POSITIVE NEGATIVE
EXPERIENCE EXPERIENCE

PROPOSAL
EXPERIENCE

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 UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI
J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Firstly, We want to thank the Almighty God for making it possible for me to undertake
this research work. Also, I express my great appropriation to out Practical Research I
Professor Mr. Roberto Ilisan for his tireless effort in instructing and guiding us
throughout the writing of this research work. To G11-05 HRS , we say may God richly
bless us for the time and effort we exhibited through the preparation of this thesis. I am
really grateful.

iii
 UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI
J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

REFERENCES

http://ir.knust.edu.gh/bitstream/123456789/7653/1/MINTAH%20DESMOND%20AGYEI.
pdf

//www.thebalancecareers.com/how-on-the-job-training-brings-you-value-1917941

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On-the-job_training

http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/151639/13/11_chapter%202.pdf

https://beswiftbeprecise.wordpress.com/2016/11/22/ojt-training-theory-influencing-
practice/

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 UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI
J.P. Rizal Ext, West Rembo Makati City

3.4 Research Locale…………………………………………………………………24

3.5 Respondents …………………………………………………………………… 25
3.6 Data Gathering Procedure ……………………………………………………. 26
3.7 Data Analysis ………………………………………………………………...27
REFERENCE ………………………………………………………………………….. 28