Probability & Statistics,

MATH F 113
BITS Pilani Dr. Mayank Goel
Department of Mathematics
K K Birla Goa Campus

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus

Example 1

In a certain state's lottery, 12 balls numbered

1 through 12 are placed in a machine and
three of them are drawn at random. If the
three numbers drawn match the numbers
that a player had chosen, the player wins
$1000. If they match two numbers, then
win $100. It costs $5 to buy a ticket. Find
the expected profit of the player, if the
player is choosing any three numbers 1
through 12. 2

Probability & Statistics (MATH F113) BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Example 2

For X ~ B(n, p), find the expected value and

variance using their definitions.

Probability & Statistics (MATH F113) BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Example 3

It is known that CDs produced by a certain

company will be defective with pr 0.01,
independent of each other. The company
sells the CDs in a packages of size 10 and
offers a money back guarantee that at
most one of the 10 CDs in the package will
be defective. What proportion of packages
sold must the company replaced ?

Probability & Statistics (MATH F113) BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Example 4

It is known that CDs produced by a certain

company will be defective with pr 0.01,
independent of each other. The company
sells the CDs in a packages of size 10 and
offers a money back guarantee that at
most one of the 10 CDs in the package will
be defective. If some one buy 3 packages,
what is the probability that he or she will
return exactly one of them ?
5

Probability & Statistics (MATH F113) BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Example 5

In a gambling casinos, A player bets on one

of the number 1 through 6. Three dice are
then rolled and if the number bet by the
player appears i times, i=1,2,3, then the
player wins i units, on the other hand, if
the number bet by the player does not
appear on any of the dice, then the player
looses 1 unit. Find the expected profit for
the player.
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Probability & Statistics (MATH F113) BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Example 6

A student is getting ready to take an important oral

exam and is concerned about the possibility of
having an “on” day or “off” day. He figures that if
he has an on day, then each of his examiners
will pass him independently of each other with pr
0.8 where as if he has an off day, this pr will be
reduced to 0.4. Suppose that the student will
pass the examination if the majority of
examiners pass him. If the student feel that he is
twice as likely to have an off day as he is to have
an on day, should he request an examination7
with 3 examiners or with 5 examinars ?
Probability & Statistics (MATH F113)
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Example 7

Let X be the number of identical independent

Bernoulli trails required to obtain the first
success has mean 2, then find P[ X is an odd
integer].

Probability & Statistics (MATH F113) BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Example 8

Suppose a container has three balls, red, blue and

yellow. We draw a ball randomly with
replacement. What is the probability that we
must require at least 3 trials to obtain red ?

Probability & Statistics (MATH F113) BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Example 9

A job plant can pass inspection if there are no defects in

three randomly chosen samples from a lot of size 20.
(a) Compute the probability of the plant passing inspection
if there are two defects in the lot.

(b) Compute the probability of at least one defective.

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Probability & Statistics (MATH F113) BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Example 10

A slitter assembly contains 48 blades. Every

day, five blades are selected at random
and evaluated for sharpness. If any dull
blade is found, the assembly is replaced
with newly sharpened set of blades else all
five blades are putt back in the assembly.
If 10 blades in an assembly are dull, what
is the probability that the assembly is not
replaced until the third day of evaluation?
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Probability & Statistics (MATH F113) BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
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Probability & Statistics (MATH F113) BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus