Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Abstract:- This paper presents the design, fabrication Printed monopole antenna is a good applicant for high data
and characterization of circular ring monopole antenna rate wireless communication at GHz frequency, because of
(CRMA) for dedicated short range communication. its wide impedance bandwidth, Omni directional radiation
Design simulation is carried out with the aid of Attar pattern, compacted simple structure and easiness of
FEKO (2017) Solver The 26×20×1.6 mm antenna was fabrication. In printed monopole antenna, ground plane is
fabricated using an FR4 composite material. The return orthogonal to patch as well as dielectric and 50 ohm coaxial
loss of prototype is measured with Anritsu MS 2036C transmission line give the excitation [4].
Network Analyzer. Between the measurement and
simulation result is a little different but two results Due to the appearances of monopole antenna, circular
cover DSRC band. The return loss is about -37 dB and ring shape is chosen to get coverage area, high radio accept
fractional bandwidth of 26.9 % at the selected link and omnidirectional radiation pattern. The demand of
frequency 5.9GHz. The antenna provides input innovative technologies, this design is tend to reduce the
impedance bandwidth of 1.59 GHz (4.7 to 6.36 GHz) size, less metallic surface and raise the proficiency of the
which fully covers 5.875 to 5.925 DSRC bands. It can devices.
realize near omnidirectional radiation pattern in the H-
plane and linear polarization antenna due to the phase The rest of the research work is composed based on
changing of current distribution. In this research work, the different sections. Section II considered the design
circular ring monopole antenna is small in size, simple specification and formula section III mentions the software
in design and fabrication but its performance is the best implementation and analysis for reference antenna based on
for DSRC applications. the background theory of that antenna design. Section IV
fabricate and measure the performance of proposed CRMA
Keywords:- Circular Ring Monopole Antenna, Dedicated antenna design. Finally, section V summarizes and
Short Range Communications, Attair FEKO, Anritsu MS concludes the study.
2036C Network Analyzer.
II. DESIGN SPECIFICATION
I. INTRODUCTION
The proposed design antenna fed micro strip feed line
The purpose design of circular ring monopole antenna with SMA connector. The design consideration of CRMA
is to develop a novel design for the dedicated short range is the following.
communications that affords a recovering piece and
functionality as compared to normal monopole antenna. A. Substrate Material Consideration
Vehicular communication between infrastructure and Circular ring monopole antennas consist of very thin
vehicles is based on dedicated short range communication metallic patch placed the other side of ground plane. The
(DSRC) and mostly omnidirectional data link. In Europe, thickness of the metallic strip is limited by t<< 0 and the
DSRC operates at 5.9GHz, using 75MHz band [5.85
5.925GHz] with 7 channels 10MHz each [1]. height is restricted by 0.0003 << h<< 0.05. For a substrate,
the L of the element is usually 0 /3< L< 0 /2. There are
Micro strip antenna is applied to get wireless access various substrates that can be used for the micro strip
for communication applications. The printed monopole antennas and their dielectric constants are typically in the
range of 2.2 << r << 12.Then the antenna efficiency is
antenna is needed to design to get wide band due to the
quick development of wireless communications. This
research work is intended to new design of single antenna calculated by using Tabu Search Algorithm as following:
which can cover DSRC applications over very large
bandwidth [2] [3]. A wire monopole antenna is placed in 1 3.66 F 1.83 G1.06 r1.32 2.4 F 2.48 G 0.5 r3.12
free space look like to dipole antenna but the different of
feed element is located over a ground plane. (1)
Fundamentally, the ground plane cannot be retained infinite
hence its dimensions are carefully chosen which are
Where, F εr 1 and G h
0
comparable with the length of active element. Some
drawback of having narrow bandwidth of wire monopole
antenna can be avoided by using printed monopole antenna.
0.5
r 1 r 1 12 h
re 1 w
2 2
(3)
w
0.264 h
re 0.3 t
L 0.412
Fig. 1:- Radiation efficiency vs. dielectric constant at re 0.3 0.8
w
t
different frequencies (5)
L Leff 2L
(7)
Since the dimension of circular loop radius is given III. DESIGN AND SIMULATION
by [4].
Xmn The circular ring monopole antenna design is shown
fr c in Fig 3.The specifications and parametric values are
2ae r (11) described in table 1.The circular ring monopole antenna is
designed and simulated by FEKO simulator software [5]
The value of dominant mode TM11 is Xmn =1 .8411, and the performances of the CRMA such as current
distributions, return loss, radiation patterns, and gain are
fr is the resonance frequency of the patch, c is the velocity
discussed in the following sections.
of light in free space and εr is the relative permittivity of
the substrate.
BW
FBW
fc
(16)
(c)
Fig. 5:- Radiation pattern (a) xz (b) yz (c)xy-plane
C. Current Distribution
The current distribution of the reference element is
shown in Fig 6. The current distribution is the same
direction in all phase. So, this type of antenna is linear
polarization.
Fig. 10:- Top and bottom view of prototype CRMA C. Comparison between Simulations and Measurement
According to the Anritsu MS 2036C network analyzer
After the CRMA antenna board had milled, the SMA range, software result showed frequency range from 1 to
connectors had to be attached to the feed points on the 10GHz but the comparison result showed frequency range
antenna structure. The interface to which the antenna can be from 0 to 6GHz. The resonance frequencies can be
connected to external measurement equipment for appeared larger than simulation result in measurement
characterization is called SMA connector. SMA connector work shown in Fig 13. This condition can be caused by
is soldered straight to the feed point as shown in Fig 10. calibration errors, or also in the manufacturing process.
B. Measurement Setup
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES