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1. Ans. C. ∴ Probabilities that none of the bulbs is defectives

Diversity is shown in terms of difference language 4
 95 
   0.8145
2. Ans. B.  100 
3. Ans. B. 11. Ans. A.
1
4. Ans. C. f 1  x  0  1  0
2 1 x
81  54  27;27   18 x
3  0 x 0
2 1 x
54  36  18;18   12
3 1
and f 11  x    at x  0
1  x 
2
2
36  24  12;12   8
3
24  8  16 12. Ans. A.
dy
5. Ans. D. A)  xy  e x is a first order linear equation (non-
dx
6. Ans. B. homogeneous)
dy
B)  xy  0 is a first order linear equation
7. Ans. D. dx
It is not mentioned that elephant is the largest animal (homogeneous (C), (D) are non linear equations

8. Ans. B. 13. Ans. B.

4 km/hr.
Speed of man=8 14. Ans. C.
Left distance =d P[fourth head appears at the tenth toss] = P [getting 3
d heads in the first 9 tosses and one head at tenth toss]
Time taken 
8   1    1  21
9

Upstream  9c3 .         0.082

Speed of stream = s   2    2  256
⇒ speed upstream = S’ = (8 – s)
 d  15. Ans. C.
t'   
8s  z 1
 y  x   y  ln xy   y (1  ln xy )
Downstream: x  xy 
d z z z
speed downstream  t"  and  x(1  ln xy )  x  y
8 s y x y
 3t '  t "
3d d 16. Ans. A.
  In a series RC circuit,
8s 8 s  Initially at t = 0, capacitor charges with a current of
3d d Vs
  and in steady state at t  , capacitor behaves like
8s 8 s
R
 s  4km / hr open circuit and no current flows through the circuit
 So the current i(t) represents an exponential decay
9. Ans. B. function
15
Total expenditure    4,50,000
100
x  3  106
Profit=10 lakhs
So, total selling price =40,00,000 … (1)
Total purifies=200 … (2)
S.P of each purifier=(1)/(2)=20,000

10. Ans. C.
95
Probability for one bulb to be non defective is
100

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17. Ans. C. 24. Ans. B.

step  size
Maximum quantization error is
2
8  10 1
step-size    0.5V
16 2
Quantization error  0.25V
V 5 V
Apply KCL at node V , 1   0
5 15 25. Ans. D.
30 Latches are used to construct Flip-Flop. Latches are level
V volts triggered, so if you use two latches in cascaded with
4 inverted clock, then one latch will behave as master and
V 2 another latch which is having inverted clock will be used
 current I    0.50 Amperes as a slave and combined it will behave as a flip-flop. So
15 4
given circuit is implementing Master-Slave D flip-flop
18. Ans. C.
26. Ans. D.
19. Ans. D.
Recombination rate, 
R  B nn0  nn  P n0 
 Pn Electron
and hole concentrations respectively under thermal
equilibrium
nn0 & Pn0 Excess elements and hole concentrations
respectively

20. Ans. C.
From Einstein relation,
Output of first MUX = ws1  ws 2  w  s1
DP kJ Let Y  w  s1

P q Output of second MUX = Y s 2  Ys2
 DP  26mV  500cm / v  s  13cm / s
2 2
 Y  s2
 w  s1  s2
21. Ans. A.
Trans conductance amplifier must have z1   and z0   27. Ans. A.
ideally x(t )  cos(10 t )  cos(30 t ), Fs  20 Hz
Spectrum of x(t)
22. Ans. A.
KVL in base loop gives,
10  0.7
IB   93 A
100 K
 I C   I B  50  93 A  4.65 mA
Spectrum of sampled version of x(t)
from figure, V0  I C RC
V0 5V
 RC    1.075
I C 4.65mA

23. Ans. C. After LPF, signal will contain 5 and 15Hz component only
I
Vdc  Vm  dc 28. Ans. B.
4 fc
1 1
I For an all pass system, pole  or zero 
I dc RL  Vm  dc zero * pole *
4 fc
pole  a
10
 I dc   0.09 A 1
1 zero 
100  b
4  50  4  103
1 1
  or b  a *
2 a*

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29. Ans. A. 31. Ans. A.

Since m(t) is a base band signal with maximum
Y s S 2
frequency 5 KHz, assumed spreads as follows: 
X s S 3
 SY  s   3Y  s   S   s   2 X  s 
Due to initial condition, we can write above equation as
Sy  s   y  0   3 y  s   sx  s   x  0   2 x  s 
y  0   2, x  0   0  x  t   3e 2t u  t  
 3 
 Sy  s   2  3 y  s    s  2   
 s2
*1 5
y (t )  m(t ) cos(40000 t ) 
7
 m( f )  s  3 y  s   3  2  y  s  
2 53
[ ( f  20k )   ( f  20k )]  y  t   5e u  t 
3t

1
 y ( f )  [ M ( f  20k )  M ( f  20k )] y    steady sate   0
2 Alternative Way:
Thus the spectrum of the modulated signal is as follows:
s2
H s  ; X  t   3e 2t .u  t 
s3
3 3
X  s    Y s 
s2 s3
3
y  t  at t   y     lim S . y  s   lim
 0  0 s  3

y   0
If y(t) is sampled with a sampling frequency ‘ f s ’ then the
resultant signal is a periodic extension of successive 32. Ans. C.
replica of y(f) with a period ‘fs’. Phase response of pass band waveform
It is observed that 10 KHz and 20 KHz are the two
sampling frequencies which causes a replica of M(f) which
  f   2  f  f c   2 f c
can be filtered out by a LPF.  d  f 
Thus the minimum sampling frequency ( f s ) which Group delay t y  
2 df
extracts m(t) from g(f) is 10 KHz.
Thus ' ' is actual signal propagation delay from
30. Ans. C. transmitter to receiver
By drawing the signal flow graph for the given block
diagram 33. Ans. A.
Instantaneous phase
1  t   2 f c t  1 sin 2 f1   2 sin 2 ft
d 1
Instantaneous frequency fi  t   i  t  
dt 2
Number of parallel paths are three  f c  1 f1 cos 2 f1t   2 f 2 cos 2 f 2t
Gains P1  G1G2 , P2  G2 , P3  1 Instantaneous frequency deviation
By mason’s gain formula,  1 f1 cos 2 f1t   2 f 2 cos 2 f 2t
C s Maximum F  1 f1   2 f 2
 P1  P2  P3
Rs
 G1G2  G2  1

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34. Ans. C. 
1 1 1
2 2 E  x    xp  x   1x  2 x  3 x ...
C 2 1 2 2 8
f c TE21      
x 1

2 9 b 1 1 1
Let , S  1x  2 x  3x .. (I )
2 2 2 2 8
3  1010  2   1 
     1 1 1 1
2  5 3  S  2 x  3 x ... ( II )
2 4 8 16
 1.5  1010 0.16  0.111  I  II  gives
 0.52  1.5  1010  1 1 1 1 1
 7.81GHz 1   S      ...
 2 2 4 8 16
 7810 MHz 1
1
35. Ans. C.  S  2 1
2 1
Signal distortion implies impedance mismatch at both 1
ends. i.e., 2
ZT  Z 0 S 2
Z R  Z0  E  x  2
i.e. The expected number of tosses (after first head) to
36. Ans. C. get first tail is 2 and same can be applicable if first toss
f 1  x   6 x 2  18 x  12  0  x  1, 2  0,3 results in tail.
Hence the average number of tosses is 1+2 = 3.
Now f  0   3; f  3  6 and f 1  2; f  2   1
Hence, f(x) is maximum at x = 3 and the maximum value 39. Ans. B.
is 6 Given x1 x2 and x3 be independent and identically
distributed with uniform distribution on [0,1]
37. Ans. B. Let z  x1  x2  x3
 1 1 
Consider, A   which is real symmetric matrix  P{x1  x2  x3 }  P{x1  x2  x3  0}
 1 1  P{z  0}
Characteristic equation is | A  1| 0      1  0
2
Let us find probability density function of random variable
   1  1 z.
Since Z is summation of three random variable
  0,  2 (not positive)
x1 , x2 and  x3
(B) is not true (A), (C), (D) are true using properties of
eigen values Overall pdf of z is convolution of the pdf of x1 , x2 and  x3
pdf of {x1  x2 }
38. Ans= B
Let the first toss be Head.
Let x denotes the number of tosses(after getting first
head) to get first tail.
We can summarize the even as:
Event x Probability(p(x))
(After getting first H) pdf of –x3 is

T 1 1/2
HT 2 1/2*1/2=1/4
HHT 3 1/8
and so on........... 0
0( z  1)2 ( z  1)3 1
P{z  0}   dz    0.16
1 2 6 1
6

40. Ans. B.
Two blocks are connected in cascade, Represent in s-
domain,

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42. Ans. A.
Norton’s equivalent impedance

F  W X  W X  YZ
v3  s  R.R

v1  s  1  1   1  1
 RR   R  R 1* j.
sc  SC   SC  ZN  2  1
R.R 1 j.1
 1  j.
1 1 R 2
.  2 R  SC   1 
 1  RSC  j 1
SC SC SC  
S 2C 2 .R.R 2  j j

1  2 R  SC    RSC  R 2 S 2C 2
ZN 
 2     j
2

S 2 .100  100  106  106  10  10  103  103  2 j   2 

 2
S  100  106  104  1012  3S  100  10 6  10 4  1  2  2   j  .  2  2 j 
v3  s  S2  ZN     
  4  4 2 
v1  s  1  3S  S 2
Equating imaginary term to zero i.e.,  3  4  0
41. Ans. D.    2  4   0    2r / sec

43. Ans. B

KVL forV1 &V2 :

R1 
 7.5 5   3 5    7.5  3 
7.5
R1  10
V1  V2  10 0 ...(1)
44. Ans. D.
V1  V2  10 0  16 
 5  10  1  10 
18
N A ND
KCL at super node:
Vbi  VT 1n  26 mv 1n
ni2  1.5  1010 2 
V1 V2 V2  
4 0    0 ...(2)  0.859V
 j3 6 j 6
V1 V2 V2 2 SVbi  N A  N D  5
   4 0 W    3.34  10 cm
 j3 6 j 6 q  N A ND 
V  10 0 V2 V2
from (1) &(2), 2    4 0 45. Ans. C.
 j3 6 j6
 V 2
 1 1 1 10 In linear region, I D  k VGS  VT VDS  DS 
V2      4 0   2 
  j 3 6 j 6  j3
V2  (2  j 22)Volts

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I D VDS2 1 w
Drain current I D  n cos VGS  VT 
2
 103  kVDS VDS is small , is neglected
VGS 2 2 L
VDD  V0 1
103   100  106  2 VGS  0.5 
2
K   0.01 10 K 2
0.1
1 2  Vi  0.5 
 100  106 Vi  0.5 
2
I D  k VGS  VT 
2
In saturation region,
2 10 K
k Vi  1.5V
ID  VGS  VT 
2
50. Ans. B.
 ID k 0.01 For an SRAM construction four MOSFETs are required (2-
   0.07
VGS 2 2 PMOS and 2-NMOS) with interchanged outputs connected
to each CMOS inverter. So option (B) is correct.

46. Ans. C. 51. Ans. C

2  0.2
Es   0.8v /  m
0.5
E
Eox  s Es  2.4v /  m
Eox

47. Ans. B.
KVL in base loop,
5  I B  50k   0.7  0 The output of the first MUX = W  Vcc  W X .Vcc
5  0.7 W X  W X  Vcc  log ic1
IB   80  A
50k W  X
 I C   I B  50  86  A  4.3 mA Let Q  W  X
10  VCE  sat  10  0.2 The output of the second MUX  Q.Y Z  Q.YZ
RC  
IC 4.3 mA

 Q.Y Z  Z 
RC  2279  and the BJT is in saturation
 Q.Y .1  Q.Y
48. Ans. D. Put the value of Q in above expression
Virtual ground and KCL at inverting terminal gives

 W X  W X .Y 
 W X .Y  W X .Y

52. Ans. A.

V2  V1 V2 V2  V0
  0 so, D  X  Y  XY  X Y and B  X .Y
R 2R 3R
V0 V2 V2 V2 V1
   
3R R 3R 2 R R
11
V0  3V1  V2
2

49. Ans. B.
Transistor m1 switch from saturation to linear
 VDS  VGS  VT ; whereVDS  V0 and VGS  Vi
VDS  V0  Vi  VT

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53. Ans. B. Alternative Way:

H1  z   1  Pz 
1 1
X  z 
1

Z2
1  2Z   Z  2 
1 2 2

H 2  z   1  qz 
1 1

 Z Z 
1 1  .
H  z  r Z  2 Z  2
1  Pz  1  qz 1 
1 X  n   Z 1  
 uz 


1  qz 1r 1  Pz 1     v z 
1  r  q  rp  z 1 
 
1  Pz 1  Pz  1  Pz 1  Pz 
1 1 1 1 n
  um .Vn  m
q  rp m 0
Zeroof H  z  
1 r  using conduction theorem and u a  2n ; vn  2n 
Since zero is existing on unit circle n
  2m.2n  m  2n  n  1
q  rp q  rp m 0
  1or  1
1 r 1 r  x  2   12
4 r 4 r
    56. Ans. A.
2 2  1or 2 2  1
4 2
1 r 1 r GivenG  s   ; H s 
4 r 4 r s2 s4
   1  r or    1  r For unit step input,
2 2 2 2
k p  lim G  s  H  s 
5 r 5 3 3r s 0
 r      or  r   1  r  0.5
2 2 4 4 2 2  4  2 
k p  lim   
s 0 s  2
5
r   is not possible   s  4 
2 k p 1
54. Ans. A. A
steady state error ess 
1 1 kp
h t   H  s    h  t   et u  t 
s 1 1
S1: System is stable (TRUE) ess 
Because h(t) absolutely integrable 11
h  t  1 1
ess   0.50
S2 : is independent of time (TRUE) 2
h t 
e  t 1 57. Ans. B.
 e 1 (independent of time) Apply linearity principle,
et
S3: A non-causal system with same transfer function is  3 1 0
stable 5  a  1  b 1  s
     
1
 et u  t  (a non-causal system) but this is not a  3; b  8
s 1  et e2t 
absolutely integrable thus unstable. x  t    t 
 e 2e2t 
Only S1 and S2 are TRUE
11et  8e2t 
55. Ans. B.  x t    t 2t 
 11  16e 

58. Ans. B.
 s  4
For transfer function
 s  1 s  2  s  3
From pole zero plot

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 1 
2    2  103  0.5  103  2  103  1  10 3 
2
  
2
  0.5  2  2.5 watts

61. Ans. D.
Nyquist rate = 2×50Hz
=100 samples / sec
59. Ans. C.
Shifting in time domain does not change PSD. Since PSD

m  t max  m  t max
L

2  2 
is Fourier transform of autocorrelation function of WSS L 0.75
process, autocorrelation function depends on time
difference. 2 2
L  3.774  4
X  t   Rx  z   S x  f  0.75
No. of bits required to encode ‘4’ levels = 2 bits/level
1 f 
Y  t   X  2t  1  Ry  2   S x   Thus, data rate = 2×100 = 200 bits / sec
2 2
[time scaling property of Fourier transform] 62. Ans. A.
1 2
Let P  x  2  , P  x  0 
60. Ans. C. 3 3
to find H Y1  we need to know
Sx  f 
P  y1  0 and P  y2  0
P  y1  0  P  y1  0 / x1  0
P  x1  0 P  y1  0 / x1  1 P  x1  1
1 1 1 2 1
 .   
2 3 2 3 2
1
After modulation with cos(16000  t ) P  y1  0 
2
1
S y  f    S x  f  f c   S x  f  f c  1 1
4  H  y1   log 22  log 22  1
This is obtain the power spectral density Random process
2 2
y(t), we shift the given power spectral density random Similarly
process x(t) to the right by fc shift it to be the left by fc 1 1
and the two shifted power spectral and divide by 4. P  y2  0  and P  y2  0 
2 2
 H  y2   1
 H  y1  H  y2   2bits
63. Ans. A.

After band pass filter of center frequency 8 KHz and BW

of 2 kHz

Total output power is area of shaded region Alternative Way:

 2  Area of one side portion  Given A  cos x sin yaˆ x  sin x cos y aˆ y
 2  Area of triangle +Area of rec tangle 

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ax ay az
65. Ans. A.
  A   / x  / y  / z
cos x sin y sin x cos y 0
 ax  0   a y  0   az  cos x cos y  cos x cos y   0
  A  0

64. Ans. D.
Given medium (1) is perfect conductor
Medium (2) is air
 H1  0
From boundary conditions
 H 1  H 2   an  K S
H1  0
K S  2aˆ x
an  a y
 H 2  a y  2aˆ x
  H x a x  H y a y  H z a z   a y  2a x
 H x a z  H z a x  2a x
H z  2
H  2a z

***

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