CRIMINOLOGY

Section-I (25 Marks)

Introduction Basic concepts used in understanding crime, criminality and criminal behaviour.

II. Understanding Criminology Definition, meaning and scope of criminology; Criminology and criminal
law; Crime as social problem; Deviance, Sin Vice, Evil, Norms, Values; Security (Physical, Social,
Economic)

III. Crime and Criminals Occasional criminals, Habitual criminals, Professional criminals, White-collar
crime, Organized crime, corporate crimes.

IV. Crime and Criminality: Theoretical Perspectives Early explanation of criminal behavior  Biological
Theories; Psychological Theories; Sociological Theories.  Social Disorganization theory  Strain theory 
Social Control theory  Learning theory  Labeling Theory  Islamic perspective on deviance and crime.

Section-II (25 Marks)

V. Juvenile Delinquency Meaning, definitions (Behavioral Vs Legal), Juvenile delinquent Vs status

offender, Official statistics of juvenile delinquency

VI. Juvenile Justice System  Role of police  Juvenile court process:  pretrial, trial and sentencing 
Role of prosecutor, defense counsel, juvenile judge, juvenile probation officer  Juvenile correctional
institutions; probation and non-punitive alternatives 63 Revised Scheme and Syllabus for CSS
Competitive Examination

VII. The Criminal Justice System:  Police and its role  Trial and Conviction of Offenders  Agencies:
formal and informal  Criminal courts: procedures and problems  Role of prosecutors  Prisons,
Probation and Parole

VIII. Punitive and Reformative Treatment of Criminals Corporal punishment, Imprisonment,

Rehabilitation of criminals.

Section-III (25 Marks)

IX. Criminal Investigation Principles of criminal investigation, Manual of preliminary investigation,

Intelligence operations, Data base investigation, Electronic investigation, Forensic Investigation

X. Techniques of Investigations Gathering information from persons, Interviewing and interrogation

techniques, Criminal investigation analysis,

XI. Legal and Ethical Guidelines for Investigators Stop and frisk operations, Arrest procedures, Search
and seizure.

XII. International Policing and Criminal Justice Monitoring Organizations UNAFEI, INTERPOL, EUROPOL,
UNODC, UNICEF, IPA, etc.

Section-IV (25 Marks)

XIII. Modern Concepts in Contemporary Criminology  Terrorism, Radicalism and War on Terror 
Media’s representation of Crime and the Criminal Justice System  Modern Law Enforcement and
Crime Prevention  Intelligence-led Policing  Community Policing  Private Public Partnership 
Gender and Crime in Urban and Rural Pakistan  Crime and Urbanization, Organized Crime and White-
Collar Crime  Human Rights Abuses and Protection, especially of Children; Women and Minorities; The
role of civil society and NGOs  Money-laundering  Cyber Crime  Role of NAB, FIA, ANF
 PUBLIC AD
Public Administration:

Concepts, Approaches and Context Definitions; Role and Scope of Public Administration in Society;
Issues in Public Administration Theory and Practice: Democracy versus Bureaucracy, Politics versus
Administration, Efficiency versus Equity; Core Values of Public Administration: Rule of Law, Efficiency,
Equity and Fairness, Responsiveness; Traditional Public Administration; New Public Management; New
Public Service; Governance Approach to Public Administration; Islamic Concept of Public
Administration; Historical roots of Public administration in Pakistan.

II. Public Administration:

Classical and Contemporary Theories and Concepts Bureaucracy; Scientific Management; Human
Relations Approach; Leadership, Motivation, Network Governance; Strategic Management; Public
Choice Theory; Types of Organizational Structure; Organization of Federal, Provincial, and Local
Government in Pakistan; Administrative Culture of Pakistan; Inter-governmental Relations at Federal
and Provincial level in Pakistan.

III. Public Policy Planning, Implementation and Evaluation Strategic Planning and Management;
Planning Process; Policy Analysis; Policy Implementation; Program Evaluation; Planning Machinery; Role
of Donors and International Institutions in Public Policy and Management; Policy making and
implementation in Pakistan.

IV. Budgeting and Financial Management Budget as a Policy Tool;

The Budget as a Managerial Tool; Principles of Budgeting, Audit and Accounting in Government; Line-
Item Budgeting; Performance Budgeting; Program Budgeting; Zero-Base Budgeting; Outcome-Based
Budgeting. Planning and Budgeting in Pakistan.

V. Managing Human Resources Spoil system versus Merit System in Public Employment;

Personnel versus Human Resources Management; Close system versus Open System of Public
Employment; Functions of Human Resources Management; Implementation of HRM in Public Sector:
Key Issues and Challenges.

VI. Administrative Law Meaning; Scope and Significance; Nature and Contents of Administrative Law,
Administrative Ethics, Delegation of Authority and Legislation, Administrative Tribunals; Administrative
Law in Pakistan. 135 Revised Scheme and Syllabus for CSS Competitive Examination

VII. Public Management Skills Planning; Decision Making, Conflict Management; Leading,
Communication, Administrative Buffering; Managing Change; Managing Diversity; Stress Management;
Delegation; Public Service Motivation; Creativity and Problem Solving; Issues of Public Management.
VIII. The Civil Service of Pakistan Historical Background of Civil Service, The Structure of civil Service;
History of Civil Service Reform; Management of Civil Service; Institutional and Cultural Context of Civil
Service; Role of Civil Service in Good Governance, Gender and Civil Service.

IX. Organization of Provincial and Local Government Governance Structure of Provincial Administration;
Organization of Provincial Secretariat; Organization and Functions of Provincial Authorities and Agencies
and their Relationship with Government Departments; Post-devolution Local Governance; Organization
and Functions of District Government and Administration; Organization and Structure of City District
Government; Issues and Challenges of Local Governance.

X. Governance and Administrative Reforms Theories of Administrative Reforms; Types of

Administrative Reforms; Privatization; Regulation; De-regulation; Decentralization; Partnerships and
Collaboration; Business Re-engineering, Quality Assurance; Administrative Reform in Pakistan.

XI. Public Administration Accountability & Control Bureaucratic Responsiveness; Representative

Bureaucracy; Citizens Engagement in Public Service; Accountability & Control; Concept and Approaches
to Public Accountability; Institutional Framework for Administrative Accountability; Legislative,
Executive and Judicial Control over Administration; Administrative Corruption; Role of Civil Society in
Good Governance; Media, Interest Groups and Civil Society Organizations; The Situation in Pakistan.

XII. Public Administration and Development Role of Public Administration in Development; Concept of
Development Administration; Difference Between Development Administration and Development
Management; Changing Role of Public Administration in Development, Issues and Challenges of Public
Administration in Pakistan.
 GOVERNANCE AND PUBLIC POLICY
Basic Concepts of Governance:

 Origin of the term Governance  Definition of Governance  Definition of Good Governance 

Characteristics of Good Governance: Participation, Rule of law, Transparency, Responsiveness, Equity,
Effectiveness and Efficiency, Accountability, Strategic Vision  Collapse/Failure of Governance: its
indicators diagnostic tools & Effects

II. Governance Theories:

 Communitarianism  Decentered Theory  Libertarian Socialism  Institutionalism  Marxism 

Neoliberalism  Rational Choice Theory  Regulation Theory

III. Governance Indicators laid by World Bank/IMF/UNESCO/UNDP/ADB, their Explanation &

Application Level in Pakistan:

 Voice and Accountability  Political Stability and Absence of Violence  Government Effectiveness 
Regulatory Authorities & their Quality  Rule of Law  Control of Corruption

IV. Public Policy and Planning Institutions and their role in Planning  Institutional Framework for Policy
Coordination and Planning(ECNEC, Economic Coordination Committees of the Cabinet, The Federal
Cabinet, The Secretaries Committee, The Prime Minister’s Secretariat, The Planning Commission, The
Finance Division, The Cabinet Division, and all Federal Ministries for their respective subjects)  Role of
Planning Commission in Policy and Planning  Strategic Planning in Federal  Provincial Government and
Local Government  Role of International Donors in Policy Formulation (IMF Document “Memorandum
on Economic and Financial Policies 2013/14–2015/16,” that underpins almost all public policies.) 
Public Policy and Implementation in Key Sectors (i.e., Health, Education). 87 Revised Scheme and
Syllabus for CSS Competitive Examination

V. Accountability:  General Introduction to Accountability and its concepts(Standards, Symbolism,

regional and country-wide comparisons, a Review of Contemporary Studies)  Types of Accountability-
Political Accountability, Legal/ Judicial Accountability, Administrative Accountability, Professional
Accountability, Private vs. Public Accountability  National Strategies against Corruption and remedial
measures.

VI. Bureaucracy:  Introduction to the Concept of Bureaucracy(History, Neutrality, Steel Frame of the
State, Negative Connotations Associated with the term)  Theories of Bureaucracy (Max Weber, Marx,
John Stewart Mill, Woodrow Wilson)  Role of Bureaucracy in Pakistan (British legacy, civil-military
relations, neutrality, dilution of neutrality, political allegiance, power, corrupting the incumbent,
institutional degradation, constitutional guarantees, indexing of salaries with the CPI or lack thereof.) 
Public Administration and Code of Ethics (Effectiveness of the Estacode and the Code of Ethics,
Comparison with other countries)

VII. Public Policy Formulation and Implementation  The Policy Making Process: How Policies are Made
(Six including diagnosis and six stages with cautions to be exercise at each stage)  Policy
Implementation & Role of Bureaucracy (Training, Pervasive Inertia and how to break it, Lack of Decision
Making, Culture of postponement and delays, Lack of resources, Political interference, Ability to say
“No.”)  Policy Analysis, The Quest for Solutions (Lack of research in policy analysis, Lack of coordination
among departments, secrecy, openness)  Policy Evaluation: Assessing The Impact of Public Policy,
Program EvaluationSuccess and failure of Govt.

VIII. Multi-level Governance in Pakistan:  Legislature: National Assembly, Senate, Provisional

Assemblies  Judiciary: Supreme Court, High Courts, Lower Courts  Functioning of the offices: 
President of Pakistan,  Prime Minister of Pakistan  Office of Governor,  Office of Chief Minister,
Federal Cabinet, Cabinet Committees, Federal Secretariat, Provincial Secretariat  Local Government
system: District Government, Zila Government, Tehsil Government, Union Administration, Its Efficacy,
Performance & Causes of Success or Failure 88 Revised Scheme and Syllabus for CSS Competitive
Examination

IX. Federalism, Devolution and Decentralization  Constituents participation in Federal Structure 

Principle of Subsidiarity in Public Service Delivery  Decentralization Model of Kerala

X. Role of Citizens in Governance

XI. Good Governance in Islam  Quranic Guidance on Good Governance  Concept of Governance and
its application in light of Quran; Sunnah and Fiqh.
 POLITICAL SCIENCE
Western Political Thought: Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Montesquieu, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau,
Kant, Mill, Bentham, Hegel, Marx, Lenin, Mao, Gramsci, Karl Popper, Pierre Bourdieu, John
Rawls, Frances Fukuyama, Foucault, Derrida, Kierkegaard, Jean Paul Sartre, Rene Descartes.
II. Muslim Political Thought: Al-Farabi, Al-Mawardi, Ibn Rushd, Imam Ghazali, Ibn Taymiyyah,
Nizam-ul-MulkTusi, Ibn Khaldun, Shah Waliullah, Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Jamaluddin Afghni,
Rashid Rida. Part -B (50 Marks)
III. State System: The nature and emergence of modern nation-state system, Islamic concept of
state and Ummah.
IV. Political Concept (Western and Islamic): Sovereignty, Justice, Law, Liberty, Freedom,
Equality, Rights and Duties, Human Rights, Political Authority and Power.
V. Comparative Politics: Political Socialization, Political Culture, Political Development, Political
Recruitment, Social Change, Civil Society, Violence and Terrorism in Politics, Gender and
Politics, Women Empowerment.
VI. Political Participation: Political Change and Revolution, Elections, Electoral System, Public
Opinion, Propaganda, Political Parties, Pressure Groups and Lobbies.
VII. Political Institutions and Role of Government: Legislature, Executive, Judiciary, Political
Elites, Civil and Military Bureaucracy.
VIII. Forms of Government: Monarchy, Democratic, Dictatorship, Totalitarian/Authoritarian,
Unitary, Federal, Confederation, Presidential and Parliamentary.
IX. Political Ideologies: Capitalism, Marxism, Communism, Socialism, Totalitarism, Fascims,
Nationalism, Islamic Political Ideology. 129 Revised Scheme and Syllabus for CSS Competitive
Examination
X. Local Self Government: Theory and practice of Local Self-Government with special reference
to Pakistan, Comparative analyses of systems of local governance, Public Administration and
Public Policy.
PAPER-II (MARKS-100)
Part-A (30 Marks)

Comparative and Analytical Study of the Political Systems: Political System of U.S.A, U.K, France and
Germany

II. Global and Regional Integration Globalization and Politics, Global Civil Society, Regional
politico-economic integration and organizational structure of the European Union, SAARC, ECO,
International Financial Regimes IMF and WTO. Part-B (70 Marks)
III. Comparative and Analytical Study of the Political Systems: Political system of Turkey, Iran,
Malaysia, India and China.

IV. Political Movements in India (Colonial Period): Rise of Muslim Nationalism in South Asia and
Pakistan Movement (with special reference to the role of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Allama
Muhammad Iqbal and Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah)

V. Government and Politics in Pakistan: Constitution making from 1947 -1956, A comparative
and critical analysis of 1956, 1962, 1973 Constitutions of Pakistan, Constitutional Amendments
up-to-date, Federal Structure in Pakistan, and Central-Provincial relations after 18th
amendment, Political Culture of Pakistan, Political Developments and the Role of Civil and
Military Bureaucracy, Judiciary, Feudalism, Dynastic Politics, Political Parties and Interest
Groups, Elections and Voting Behavior, Religion and Politics, Ethnicity and National Integration.

VI. International Relations: History of International Relations: Post World War-II (WW-II) Period.
Foreign Policy of Pakistan: National Interests and Major Determinants i-e 1). Size/Geography 2).
Economic Development 3). Security 4). Advancement in Technology 5). National Capacity 6).
Political Parties/Leadership 7). Ideology 8). National Interest 9). Role of Press/Bureaucracy 130
Revised Scheme and Syllabus for CSS Competitive Examination 10). Social Structure 11). Public
Opinion 12). Diplomacy. 13). Foreign Policy-making Process in Pakistan Also External Factors
like International Power Structure, International Organizations, World Public Opinion and
Reaction of other States.
 PHYSICS

Mechanics

 Vectors: Dots, Cross and triple products, Gradient, divergence, curl and applications.

 Newtonian laws of motion: calculus based approach to kinematics, forces and dynamics, conservation
law of energy; conservation of linear and angular momentum; Dynamics of rigid body; spin and
precession; gyroscope; Gravitation; planetary motion and satellites; Kepler's laws; centripetal forces

 Special theory of relativity: Michelson-Morley experiment and Einstein’s postulates; Lorentz

transformation; time dilation and length contraction; equivalence of mass and energy.

II. Fluid Mechanics

 Surface tension; Viscosity; Elasticity; fluid motion and Bernoulli’s theorem.

III. Waves and Oscillations, Optics

 Free oscillation with one and two degrees of freedom; forced and damped oscillations and
phenomenon of resonance; Simple harmonic motion; Traveling waves and transmission of energy;
Phase and Group velocity; standing waves; Basics of sound waves.

 Reflection, Refraction, Interference, Diffraction and Polarization of waves; interfero meter and
Newton’s rings; Diffraction Gratings and their resolving power; spectro meters. Electromagnetic wave
equation; normal and anamolous dispersion; coherence, lasers and applications.

IV. Heat and Thermodynamics

 Perfect gas, real gas and Van der Waals equation; Three Laws of Thermodynamics; internal energy;
temperature; entropy; Thermal properties of simple systems; kinetic theory of gases; Maxwellian
distribution of molecular velocities; Brownian motion; Transport phenomena. Classical Maxwell-
Boltzmann Statistics and its application; Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac Statistics.

PAPER—II (Marks-100)

Electricity and Magnetism

 Electric field due to point charges; Gauss’ law; Electric potential; Poisson and Laplace’s equations;
Dielectric medium and Polarization; Capacitance; Moving charges and resulting magnetic field;
Ampere’s law; Magnetic properties of matter; Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction; Alternating
current and RLC circuit; Poynting theorem and Poynting Vector. Maxwell's equations in integral and
differential form; scalar and vector potential.

II.Modern and Quantum Physics

 Waves and particles and De Broglie’s Hypothesis; Operators and quantum states; observables; time
dependent and independent Schrodinger equation; angular momentum; spin-1/2 particle in a magnetic
field; wave mechanics; particle in a box; tunneling; one-dimensional harmonic oscillator; Heisenber's
uncertainty relationship and indeterminacy based on commutation properties of operators; Bohr’s
theory and quantum numbers including electron spin; Pauli’s exclusion principle; Spectra of simple
systems with one or two valence electrons; photo electric effect; Compton scattering; pair production;
Lande’s g factor and Zeeman effect. Raman effect;

III. Solid State Physics

 Crystal lattice and structure, Bravais lattice, free electron model, Band theory and electron in a
periodic potential, Fermi energy and density of states, n and p type semiconductors, physics of the
transistor and MOSFET, dielectric properties, magnetic properties and origin of magnetism.

IV. Nuclear Physics

 Structure of Nuclei; Radioactivity,,  and  decay; Methods of detection of nuclear radiation, Mass
Sepectrometer; Accelerators; Phenomenon of fission; reactor and nuclear power; nuclear fusion and its
applications; Elementary particles and their properties.