Unit 1: Our Literary Heritage
addresses an imaginary character
Lesson 1: By Word of Mouth
Proverb- contains words of wisdom which are
handed down from one generation another. It could
talk about prescribed forms of conduct or
statements concerning accepted behavior. Some
proverbs, although expressed in various tongues, are
considered truisms or statements that are obviously
true because they indicate what makes people
human.
Riddles- type of literary output which call for the
audience to guess the thing being described.
Parallelism- refers to the similarity in the wording
of the lines
Lesson 2: To Account for Beginnings
Historical texts- use factual information and
artifacts to account for the origin of nations and
how they got their names.
Scientific texts- cite facts that indicate what led to
inventions and discoveries.
Literary texts- use the imagination and show the
origin of things and their names by way of legends..
Legends- highlight cause-effect relationships to
show how and why things came to be.
“The Creation of The World”
(Bikol)
“On The Origin of Earth and Man”
(Bikol)
Lesson 3: To Thee We Sing
PATRIOTISM was expressed in songs.
“Lupang Hinirang”
“Philippine Hymn”
By Camilo Osias and A.L. Lang
Stanza- group of lines in a poem
Apostrophe- a literary device in which a persona
“Philippines, My Philippines”
Prescott F. Jernegan and Francisco Santiago, 1907
“Pilipinas Kong Mahal”
Ildefonso Santos, 1931
Personification- a figure of speech in which objects
of abstract notions are made to act like a person or
are given human attributes
“Mi Ultimo Adios” (Last Farewell)
-Jose Rizal’s last poem
Diction- refers to the word choice and the style of
expression that a writer employs in a work
Anaphora- a figure of speech characterized by the
repetition of a word or expression in two or more
lines
Anastrophe- a figure of speech characterized by
the inversion of words or phrases
Lesson 4: The Tale of Tonyo the Brave
Tales- another literary creation which were
originally orally and later put down in writing
-Two Accounts:
1. human level
2. encounter with supernatural
“The Canterbury Tales”- by Chaucer, one popular
collection of English tales which features short
narratives supposedly shared by pilgrims on their
way to Canterbury.
“Robin Hood of Sherwood Forest”- champion of
the masses exploited by barons and monarchs
during the feudal ages in England
“Arabian Nights”- another classic collection of
tales, this time in Morroccan setting which consists
of thousand and one tales narrated by Scheherazad
“The Tale of Tonyo the Brave”
-Maria Aleah G. Taboclaon
Unit 2: Oral, Written, and Digital Philippine 2. Comparison and Contrast- pointing out
Literary Forms Through the Years similarities and differences
3. Cause and effect- mentioning a condition
Fables- short literary accounts in verse or in prose
that gives rise to a certain outcome
which have animals as characters.
4. Reason result- indicating the motive for an
Aesop- a greek slave, is said to have created this action intake
literary form and he eventually won his freedom
“Man of Earth”
“Fable of the Winged Ants in Search of Light”
-Amador T. Daguio
-Benjamin M. Pascual
“Like the Molave”
“Fable of the Sanitized Man Flexing His Power
-Rafael Zulueta de Costa
as Best He Can”
Intertextuality- relationship between texts
-Benjamin M. Pascual
Denotative- the literal meaning or the definition
found in the dictionary Lesson 3: We Draw Inspiration from Works of Arts
Connotative- refers to the feelings and emotions “Dead Stars”
evoked by a word
-Paz Marquez Benitez
Exposition- provides the setting, characters, and the
Lesson 2: In Response to Our Legendary Origin inciting moment where the plot starts to unfold
Accounts of the Origin Rising Action- introduces the problematic situation
that starts to develop
-Science- the revolutionary theory provides a
scientific explanation for how living things Situational Irony- it happens when something that
developed occurs differ from what is expected
-Religious beliefs- cite a supreme being as the
creator of all things, with man as his greatest
Lesson 4: We Reflect, Take Stock, and Share
creation
Meaningful Event
-Culturally- countries explains man’s origin in
Internet- made it possible for us to search for
varied legendary accounts which differ depending
information and get in touch with others worldwide
on the group that produced them
Blog- short for web log and is a personal account of
“Pliant Like a Bamboo”
a memorable experience posted online by the writer
-I.V. Mallari
“Back-breaking”
Simile- a comparison which shows the similarity if
-Martine De Luna
two different things using “like” or “as”
Homophones- words that sound alike but have
Metaphor- a figure of speech which compares two
different meanings and spellings
unrelated thing that share some attributes.
Patterns of Development
1. Exemplification- citing examples to
illustrate a point