DRAFT CONCEPT NOTE ON GOAT REARING IN DIFFERENT PANCHAYATS OF CHAKAI

BLOCK (JAMUI, BIHAR)

A. Introduction:
In most of the poverty pockets of India, agriculture (settled or shifting) and livestock are the two most
important livelihood sources of most of the households. Any endeavour to combat income poverty in
such area, a substantial increase in the annual household income (to the tune of at least Rs 40-50,000)
has to be ensured. Thus, bringing this level of additional income to a large number of families,
development strategy needs an integration of agriculture and livestock.
In rural India, the nutrition status of women and children is very pathetic. More than sixty per cent of
the women are anaemic, half of the women have Body mass index less than 18.5, twenty per cent of
children are suffering from wasting, forty three per cent of below five children are underweight and
forty eight per cent of children are stunted due to chronic under nutrition.
As rural women have a greater association and attachment with livestock (Goat and local poultry), as
well as it’s rearing and selling, it is expected that women will have control over income from these
activities.
Thus, this type of integrated farming practices of agriculture and livestock is expected to provide
higher income, better nutrition to families, especially women and children as well women’s control
over the household income.
In rural India, from early times, farmers are paying more focussed attention to develop their
agriculture practices, but very less focus has been given onlivestock based livelihoods (Goat and
Poultry).However, rural farmers are rearing small livestock and birds from very old times, mostly as a
measure of managing crisis and thus many times goat is referred as the poor women’s ATM or cow.
Thus, a development strategy aiming to address income poverty in these areas, small-ruminant based
livelihoods promotion will be a priority along with improvement in agriculture. Further, livestock
rearing should be promoted as an income generating activity in largescale considering its potential
and significance to most of the poorer families in the area including women and destitute.
Goats have high regeneration potential and thus within a small period of 1-2 years, significant
increase in herd size can be attained to earn a substantial income, if the mass mortality can be checked
and some improved rearing practices can be ensured.
In most of the poverty pockets of our country there exists abundant access of grazing land to support
livestock-based livelihood in large scale. Further the demand for small ruminants like goat is growing
in market.

B. Context of the intervention area:

Jamui is ranked 37th in Food Security Index among 38 districts in Bihar. Chakai, a block of Jamui,
ranks 209th least developed sub-districts, out of 5955 sub-districts of India. It is the remotest block in
the district. It falls in South Bihar Platue region, with more than 30% undulating hilly wasteland and
not fit for cultivation. The area receives an annual rainfall of 1200mm and almost all agriculture
activities are rain-fed. Food grain sufficiency from own land is very low i.e. around 6- 8 months in
 DRAFT CONCEPT NOTE ON GOAT REARING IN DIFFERENT PANCHAYATS OF CHAKAI
BLOCK (JAMUI, BIHAR)

average. And for the rest months the community depend on Public distribution System (PDS) and
wage labour. Due to low productivity of agricultural crops, most of the families depend on migration
to fulfil their food security. Women in this area also work as a wage labour in agriculture field, mostly
in transplanting and harvesting times. Other sources of livelihood are Leaf plate stitching, fire wood
selling and Bidi making.
Rural women also rear goat, local poultry bird and pigs for getting additional income in emergency
cases. Goat rearing is widely accepted across the forest fringe areas. Goat rearing makes a valuable
contribution to the livelihood of economically weaker section of families in Chakai. Black Bengal is
the local breed which is being reared in almost all Panchayats.

C. Problem Area in goat rearing practices:

The rearing practice is completely indigenous. Generally all the large and small ruminants are kept in
a common shed and sheds being normally less spacious, mud floored, without proper lights and
ventilations which make them very difficult to clean and sanitised, leading to large number of
infectious diseases and large scale mortality.
Availability of vet care services, medicines and vaccines are not proper, leading to high mortality of
goats mostly in diseases like PPR, enterotoxaemia, goat pox etc.
A survey was conducted by PRADAN in three Panchayats namely Dulampur, Nauadih and Chophla
of Chakai block to understand the current practice of Goat Rearing in the area. A total of 250 families
participated in the survey. From the analysis it was found that on an average 75% households are
rearing goat and as far as the forest fringe villages are concerned, almost all families are in practice of
goat rearing. The average herd size for goat rearing is 2.5. The potential for goat rearing is 5 with the
existing infrastructure. If some technical support for disease management be provided with some
initial investment for renovating infrastructure they are willing to rear goat to the extent of 20. The
main reason for mortality for Goat was PPR, and Goat pox. When the respondents were asked about
any assistance needed for scaling up the activity their unanimous answer was veterinary services.

D. Objective
The objective of the project is to improve the indigenous practice of goat and introducing improved
rearing practices in the forest fringe areas of Chakai where the women farmers will get an addition
cash income of Rs 10,000 to 15,000.

E. Intervention Points
Though mass mortality can be checked through regular vaccination and de-worming, the intervention
should also include other components like Shelter, breed improvement and management and rearing
practice. Rearers should be trained on rearing practices through pictorial materials. Interventions
 DRAFT CONCEPT NOTE ON GOAT REARING IN DIFFERENT PANCHAYATS OF CHAKAI
BLOCK (JAMUI, BIHAR)

points and vaccination schedules need to be painted on walls in local languages. The following
intervention points need to be taken care of for a large scale promotion of this activity.

1. Management and Rearing Practice

a. Hygienic shelter: cemented floor, elevated bamboo platform, sufficient space,
Ventilation, separate portion for kids and pregnant goats
b. Regular Vaccination: Door step vaccination against PPR, Goat pox,
enterotoxaemia etc,
c. Deworming: Regular de-worming in every three month interval.
d. Practices: Timely castration is to be practiced to avoid inbreeding issues.
Healthy adult goats i.e. mother stocks should be selected for breeding purpose.
Locally available Black Bengal breed is preferred.
2. Vet care service system:Grooming of local para-vets, Establishments of vaccine
preservation units (Cold chain) , and linking with veterinary departments for available
veterinary services
3. Breed Improvement: Cross breeding is to be ensured by improved bucks. For this good
breed bucks like Sirohi or Beetel should be purchased from Rajasthan. This increases rate
of weight gain.
4. Market Linkage: market survey and value chain analysis for proper price realization

F. Project area
The project area will be different villages of Bamdah, Pojha, Thari, Chophla, Dulampur, Nauadih and
Gajhi panchayats of Chakai block (Jamui, Bihar). The details of the village will be decided later on.

G. Outreach of the project

No of Block :1
No of Panchayats :7
No of Villages : 30
No of VOs : 20
No of Families : 500

H. Project outcomes
The project aims at providing livelihood opportunity to the poor families who live in forest fringe
areas and have low cultivable land. This will be an alternative livelihood for them. It will also buffer
the risk of income generation incurred due to climate change effect on agriculture. The specific
outcomes would be like:
 Establishing goat rearing as a livelihood activity
 DRAFT CONCEPT NOTE ON GOAT REARING IN DIFFERENT PANCHAYATS OF CHAKAI
BLOCK (JAMUI, BIHAR)

 Creating a pool of local paravets for vet-care services in an entrepreneurship model

 Establishing identity of women as farmers

I. Budget
Model Cost Estimates of Intensive Goat rearing
Total Grant Beneficiary
Rate
Item Level Unit Amount Amount Contribution
(Rs)
(Rs) (Rs) (Rs)
A. Fixed Cost
A1: Shed - House renovation
(cemented floor, transparent
Households 3500 500 5,00,000
sheet in roof, bamboo machan& 17,50,000 12,50,000
windows
Cold chains for preserving Cluster
150000 1 -
vaccines and medicines level 1,50,000 1,50,000
A2: Equipments like paravets
kits, baby bardizo's castrators, VO level 5000 20 1,00,000 1,00,000 0
weighing machine
Sub total 20,00,000 15,00,000 5,00,000
B. Working Capital
B1: Purchase cost of 3 does for
Households 2,500 3 - 7,500
initial stock. 7,500
One per
B2: Purchase cost of male buck
five 7,500 100 -
for initial period 7,50,000 7,50,000
households
B3: Vaccines PPR, FMD, Pox,
Households 150 500 -
Enterotoxaemia etc 75,000 75,000
B4: Application of aseptic
measures (Lime and phenyl in Households 250 500 - 1,25,000
1,25,000
sheds
Sub Total 9,57,500 8,25,000 1,32,500
C. Capacity Building & Trainings
C1: Training and exposure of Estimated
goat rearing families (two trainee women 800 350 -
2,80,000 2,80,000
days) farmers

C2: Training on goat Households 300 500 -

 DRAFT CONCEPT NOTE ON GOAT REARING IN DIFFERENT PANCHAYATS OF CHAKAI
BLOCK (JAMUI, BIHAR)

Model Cost Estimates of Intensive Goat rearing

Total Grant Beneficiary
Rate
Item Level Unit Amount Amount Contribution
(Rs)
(Rs) (Rs) (Rs)
management and practices 1,50,000 1,50,000

C3: Disease management and

Households 1,000 500 -
vaccination 4 trainee days) 5,00,000 5,00,000
C4: Disease management,
No of
vaccination and technical 4,000 5 -
Paravets 20,000 20,000
trainings to paravets
C5: Refresher training of No of
2,250 5 -
paravets Paravets 11,250 11,250
No of
C6: Exposure visits of Paravets 1,200 5 -
Paravets 6,000 6,000
Sub Total 9,67,250 9,67,250 -
D. Promotional Costs
D1: Paravets support cost for 24
No of
months of the project @ 7500 5 -
Paravets 1,80,000 9,00,000 9,00,000
per months
D2: Data operator for MIS and
No of
report synthesis @100 per family 1 -
person 1,00,000 1,00,000 1,00,000
per year
No of
D3: Expert Consultancy @1 day expert
5,000 24 -
per month consultancy 1,20,000 1,20,000
days
D4: Development of IEC
Lump sum -
materials for trainings 1,00,000 1,00,000 1,00,000
D5: Planning & learning
meetings, workshops, expert Lump sum -
50,000 50,000 50,000
consultations
Sub Total 12,70,000 12,70,000 -
Grand Total 51,94,750 45,62,250 6,32,500

J. Funding agency
 DRAFT CONCEPT NOTE ON GOAT REARING IN DIFFERENT PANCHAYATS OF CHAKAI
BLOCK (JAMUI, BIHAR)

The fund for the activity will be raised from Modified Area Development Approach (MADA)
available with district. However it will be routed through JEEViKA to Village Organizations (VOs).
JEEViKA will disburse fund to respective VOs basing upon the indent from VOs and with respect to
DPR prepared and submitted by VOs to JEEViKA. In return, VOs will submit bills and vouchers
against the expenditure incurred. JEEViKA may release funds after at least 60% expenditure by the
VOs.

K. Implementation plan
1. Area identification: The villages will be selected in a cluster having geographical
similarities. Forest fringe areas will be given priority. Primary institutions like SHGs/VOs
should be functional in those areas. The community in those area need to rear goats in
traditional approach.
2. Concept sharing with SHGs and VOs: Objective, process and total financial support of the
project is to be shared and their role in the above will be articulated. A broad road map of the
project will be outlined. At the end they should be enough excited to do this activity in a
campaign mode.
3. Developing IEC materials and conducting mass awareness camps: Awareness need to be
built on the importance of vaccination and de-worming with in the community using various
IEC tools like street theatre, wall painting, leaf-let, poster, video showing etc. Traditional
street theatre is embedded in the tribal culture and has religious connotation in this area. This
would help the community to appreciate the importance of vaccination and de-worming and
they will be interested in the activity.
4. Identification Paravets: The paravets would be identified from among the community by
VOs.
5. Paravets training: A series of intensive training prorgamme (both on field and class room)
would be conducted to orient and build the skill of paravets as per following details.
a. Basic orientation training program on role visualization and action plan preparation for
goat rearing.
b. Technical training on health, disease identification and its management (both prophylactic
and curative measures).
c. On field training to impart skills of vaccination, de-worming, minor operations etc
d. Refresher courses for learning consolidation
6. Rearers selection and starting up of the activity: Goat rearers need to be selected from
among the SHG members who are interested after the awareness camp. VO level
consolidation of rearers is needed. The renovation and construction work should be started
once the rearer agrees to proceed with the activity. Raw materials may be purchased
 DRAFT CONCEPT NOTE ON GOAT REARING IN DIFFERENT PANCHAYATS OF CHAKAI
BLOCK (JAMUI, BIHAR)

collectively. Follow up meetings need to be conducted for smoother completion of

construction work.

L. Role allocation
Rearers/SHG members:
 Timely construction/renovation of Sheds
 Mother stocks selection
 Shed management and following hygienic measure.
 Following up of vaccination schedules and other medication practices
Village Organizations:
 Consolidating the activity
 Selection of pravets
 Review and monitoring the work of paravets
 Monitoring the progress of work
 Developing peer pressure for the rearers.
 Preparing bills and vouchers
PRADAN:
 It will provide social mobilisation support and technical hand holding
 Capacity building of paravets
 Designing of IEC materials
 Providing and arranging expert services
JEEViKA:
 It will be the implementing agency
 Timely availability of funds
 Reporting to funding agency