CHAPTER 1

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY AND IT’S PROBLEM

Outside the home, schools are the primary vehicles for educating,
socializing and providing services to young people in the Philippines. Schools can
be difficult environments for students regardless of their sexual orientation or
gender identity, but they are often especially, unwelcoming for lesbian, gay,
bisexual and transgender (LGBT) youth. A lack of policies and practices that affirm
and support LGBT youth and a failure to implement protections that do exist means
that LGBT students nationwide continue to face bullying, exclusion, and
discrimination in school, putting them at physical and psychological risk and
limiting their education.

Foundation research in field examine this vulnerability to document the

experiences and needs of this population and to draw attention to gaps in school
policy, practice and outcomes for LGBT students. Research examining
vulnerabilities and challenges for this population is also prominent in the early 21st
century because many of these young peoples positive assets and the resilience
including their abilities to effectively navigate conflict and stress and adapt to
different situations.

The LGBT identification, age and number of years spent at the university
were associated with more positive attitudes about LGBT people. We did not find
any association between ethnicity and attitudes. We also found that attitudes
toward gay or bisexual women and that attitude toward transgender individuals
were less positive than attitudes toward LGBT people. These results suggest that
anti-bias campus trainings may be most effective when tailored for males, younger
students and non LGBT students. Trainings should also focus on transgender
issues, as this is a population about which many students have negative attitudes.
 Attitude is determined as “a predisposition or a tendency to respond
positively or negatively to a certain idea, object, person or situation”. The person
have two angles in viewing a certain person or peers that is involve in a society its
either positive or negative. On the other hand, an attitude “a relatively enduring
organization of beliefs, feelings and behavioral tendencies towards socially
significant objects, groups, events or symbols”. We all know that we live in a society
with a group of different people that has different perceptions. Like, the negative
stereotypical thoughts arise from proximity and social knowledge of out groups and
in the case of heterosexual or homosexual.

Statement of the Problem

The study aims to determine the perception in the G11 students about
LGBT in STI College Cagayan de Oro City. Specific questions that the researches
aims to answer the following questions:

1.1 Age,
1.2 Gender
1.3 Strand
2. What are the caused of LGBT here at school?
3. What do students feel when they see LGBT at school?
4. What is the perception of Senior High School to LGBT?

Significance of the Study.

Students will benefit with the outcome of the study in the way for them to discover
and understand the situation of LGBT students. Being knowledgeable about this
study is to lead them to accept and understand the phenomenon of behavior
towards LGBT community.

Parents will also benefit with the outcome in a way that they undergo with the
knowledge and efficient learning of new things and to be mindful that their children
especially the LGBT are need more attention from their parents to come up and
cheer up.

Teachers will also benefit with the outcome in a way for them to understand and
find out things so that they can provide the LGBT students with proper guidance
regarding to this matter.

Assumption of the Study

In making this study the following assumptions were made. The researchers
assumed that:

1. The profile of respondents

1.1 In term of age of 15-20
1.2 In term of gender; both Male and Female
1.3 Strand
2. Majority of the respondent choose the study here in STI Cagayan de Oro
because of their parent decisions. In some case LGBT students choose
study here by their own decision lastly they choose to study here because
of their peer.
3. Majority of the students said that, every time they see LGBT students
around the campus, they won’t feel shocked or disgusted since it becoming
normal to see LGBT almost everywhere even in school.
4. Mostly of the respondents are approves their fellow LGBT schoolmates.
Scope and Limitations of the Study

The study about LGBT at Grade 11 students here at STI College Cagayan
de Oro focus on the perceptions of the students and take their to examine the
students of their personal feelings about LGBT people who still condemn
homosexuality increase the acceptance of the pay gaps between comparably
educated and experienced gay, bisexual and transgender (GBT) and heterosexual
men in the general economy. Especially the treatment they receive from students.
LGBT have several reasons for more negative perceptions of their treatment but
they are hoping that treatment will be nice

Furthermore the LGBT students want some additional school rules and
implementations that favors to their safety while studying for the betterment of their
future.

Definition of Terms

This study helps to get more knowledge about the LGBT. To Furthermore
understand about the contents of this research.

Bisexual. A person who primary sexual and fictional oriented is toward people of
the same and other genders, or towards people regardless of their gender.

Coming out from the closet. The terms used by lesbian, gay, bisexual and
transgender (LGBT) people to describe their experience o discovery, self-
acceptance, openness and honesty about their LGBT identity and their decision
of disclose, to share this with others when and how they choose.
Gay. Is a term that primarily refers to a homosexual person or the trait of being
homosexual.
Gender. Refers to the attitudes, feelings and behaviors that a given culture
associate with a person biological sex.

Gender Expression. Refers to the way in which a person acts to communicate

gender within the given culture; for example, in term of clothing, communication
patterns and interest.

Homosexual/Homosexuality. An outdated term to describe a sexual orientation

in which a person feels physically and emotionally attracted to people of the
same gender.

Lesbian. Is a homosexual woman. The word lesbian is also used for women in
relation to their sexual identity or sexual behavior regardless of sexual orientation,
or as an adjective to characterize or associate nouns with female homosexuality
or same-sex attraction.

Sexuality. The components of a person that include their biological sex, sexual
orientation, gender identity, sexual practices and etc.
Transgender. People have a gender identity or gender expression that differs
from their assigned sex.
 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the RRL to the concept and theories about the
LGBT this study is a big help to know more about LGBT and add more
information’s about this research.

Issues of discrimination against homosexuals were brought forward in

society over one hundred years go by Magnus Hirschfeld (Fone, 2000).

Through various activities and events, including inviting a banned radical

leader to the league’s first meeting of the year and staging a public protest
campaign, the Cornell SHL eventually became more radical and changed its
name to the Gay Liberation Front (GLF) (Beemyn, 2003).

Contemporary Gay rights advocates continue to try to gain equality for

LGBT individuals in the United States in all social and political arenas as well as
for LGBT students at all levels of education. While it appears that there have
been improvements in some arenas for LGBT individuals, research shows that
there continue to be new legal and social issues concerning Gay rights in the
United States (Cuomo, 2007).

While Gay rights advocates continue to work toward gaining equal rights
in many professional and institutional environments much of the recent focus of
the movement has been in personal arenas. The struggle concerning Gay
marriage has been a hot topic in the Gay rights movement in the past decade
(Green, 2006).
 In addition to providing homosexual couples with the social recognition of
their relationships that they crave, sexual minority couples are arguing that they
are entitled to the privileges associated with having a legally recognized
relationship, including but not limited to Social Security spousal benefits, hospital
visitation rights and the ability to make medical decisions concerning their
partners, and access to veteran’s life insurance and health programs (Kurdek,
2004).

Along with the fight to create equal legal and institutional opportunities for
sexual minority individuals, Gay rights advocates still endeavor to fight
homophobia and violence in everyday society including in schools. Gay students
are still the subject of violent verbal and physical attacks (Smith, 1998).
Unfortunately, many educational institutions and instructors continue to ignore
ostracized Gay students and the verbal and physical abuse of sexual minorities
(Smith, 1998).

“ Gay and Bisexual people have no explicit protection from employment

discrimination at the federal level in the private sector” (LGBT employees in
inherently vulnerable positions at their places of work should they chose to
disclose their sexual orientation. This lack of protection also creates an
intrinsically hetero normative environment where sexual minorities do not feel
safe at their places of employment. Employers, with a lack of federal legal
implications or a collective bargaining agreement, are essentially able to hire or
fire employees on a whim (Badgett, 1996). While the practice has come under
attack recently in various court settings the results have been mixed, leaving
LGBT employees continually at risk (Badgett, 1996).

Sexual minority students will not necessarily find a support system from
faculty, staff or an institution of higher education as a whole either (Sanlo, 2004)
 Many LGBT individuals find themselves surrounded by and exposed to
homophobic/heterosexist remarks and/or derogatory statements and actions
throughout the course of their education. Sadly, many of these remarks and
discriminatory acts are ignored by educational administrators and educators.
Without direct counter to these oppressive acts and damaging remarks, LGBT
individuals find themselves isolated and feeling at risk with no safe space or
support system to turn to should they become the target of anti-Gay activity
(Morrison & L’ Heureux, 2001).

Despite this increase, man of the young people in the study noted that the
way in which homosexuality was addressed was still generally unhelpful (Ellis &
High, 2004).
 CHAPTER 3

METHODS AND PROCEDURE

The purpose of this study was to better understand parents, teachers and
administrators perception of the bullying of LGBT students at STI Cagayan de Oro
and to gain a better understanding of the barriers that are keeping LGBT students
from feeling safe in this school, which could translate to what is happening in
schools. In this section, the research method, data sources, data collection and
data analysis intended for this study are discussed.

Methods of Research

This study was a questionnaire based survey that targeted all Senior High
School students in the STI College Cagayan de Oro. We also used qualitative
research to inquire into the perceptions of adults members of a school community
regarding LGBT bullying of youth. I attempted to determine how the participants
interpret and give meaning to those experiences in the context of the political and
social landscape. We described above. This was done through the perceptions
and experiences of a variety of adult members of the school community, including
teachers, counselors and parents.

Subject of the Study

The respondents on this study target the G11 students at STI College
Cagayan de Oro. To know how many students is agree or disagree about LGBT
here at school.
 Respondents NO. OF RESPONDENTS
Female 25
Male 25

TOTAL 50

Sampling Technique

This survey examines the various type of sampling techniques used to

research gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender issues sample characteristics,
sample sizes, response rates in respondents.

Description of Research Instruments

The researcher would like to conduct a study on G11 perception on STI

College Cagayan de Oro. Everyone to answer the questions honest rest assured
your answers and information will remain confidential.

Statistical Treatment of the Study

This chapter is trying to classify who are the students accept the LGBT to
be cope at school and to know more about the cause why LGBT are getting
harassed, bully and discrimination. The result will show which has the average
results of the survey weather the students of STI College Cagayan de Oro Agree/
Disagree about the LGBT community.
 CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter present the result gathered 5 sections of Grade 11 Senior High
School students of STI College Cagayan de Oro. This section also discusses the
analysis, interpretation and implications about the Perception of a student in LGBT.
The conduct of the study provides detailed presentations of the profile of
respondent, their perspective of the LGBT community.

Problem 1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of Age, Gender,

Grade and Strand?

Table 1.1 present the frequency and percentage distribution of the

respondent age. The age of respondents is arranged in brackets.

Table 1.1The Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents of

Age
Age of the students
Grade 11 15-16 17-18 19-20 TOTAL

f % f % f % f %
3 6 39 78 7 14 50 100
TOTAL 3 6 39 78 7 14 50 100

As shown by the table 1.1, there are 3 students who belongs 15-16 the
percentage is 6% in Grade 11, in 19-20 years old was 7 students who belongs
this age the percentage is 14% and the last is in ages of 17-18 years old they have
39 students was belongs this age the percentage is 78%. It can be seen in the
table 1.1 the majority of the age of G 11 is 17-18 years old the total of frequency
is 39 and the percentage is 78%

Table 1.2 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents of

Gender
Grade 11 Gender of the students

MALE FEMALE TOTAL

f % f % f %
25 50 25 50 50 100
TOTAL 25 50 25 50 50 100
Problem 2. How often do you see LGBT student in a day?

Table 2 presents the number of votes by a male or female and the data
gathered based on the G11 Senior High School.

Table 2. The response on how often G11 Students see LGBT in a day
MALE FEMALE TOTAL
Response
f % f % f %
a) Once 3 6 2 4 5 10
b) Twice 8 16 7 14 15 30
c) Tice 6 12 7 14 13 26
d) Others 8 16 9 18 17 34
TOTAL 25 50 25 50 50 100

Problem 3. Do you have LGBT friends?

Table 3 present gathered data on G11 Strands regarding having a friends

LGBT in campus.
Table 3. The response of the G11 that have LGBT friends
Male Female Total
Response
f % f % f %
Yes 23 46 25 50 48 96
No 2 4 0 0 2 4
Total 25 50 25 50 50 100

Problem 4. Have you witnessed LGBT students being bullied around STI
College Cagayan de Oro.

Table 4.
Response Male Female Total
f % f % f %
 a) Yes 1 2 0 0 1 2
b) No 24 48 25 50 49 98
Total 25 50 25 50 50 100

Problem 5. What is your perception in the LGBT students?

Table 5. Below presents the gathered data of G11 students regarding to

their responses to what is your perception in the LGBT students.

Table 5. The response on what G11 Students perception of the LGBT

students
Response Male Female Total

f % f % f %
a) Approve 25 50 25 50 50 100
b) Disapproved 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 25 50 25 50 50 100
Problem 6. What are the reasons about the perception in the LGBT students?

Table 6. Below presents the gathered data of selected G11 students

regarding to their reasons about the perception in the LGBT students?

Table 6. The outcome table on what reasons the selected G11 students
about the perception in the LGBT students.
Reason Male Female Total

f % f % f %
Accept as human 17 34 19 38 36 72
being
Respect their 5 10 1 2 6 12
Gender
They have a right 2 4 3 6 5 10
to live
Does not define 1 2 2 4 3 6
their true
personality
Total 25 50 25 50 50 100
 CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of findings, the conclusion drawn and
recommendations made from the findings of the study.

Summary

This study aimed to (1) determine the profile of the respondents regarding
age and gender (2) understanding the perspectives of the students towards the
LGBT community. This study was conducted in STI College Cagayan de Oro.

Findings
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