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PHYSICAL DESIGN FOR ASIC

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FD-SOI FINFETS GRAPHENE LOW POWER PD Questions Physical Design TOOLS

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Avinash Jiddigi
Thursday, 30 October 2014 Follow 69

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Unix/Linux Command Reference
Unix/Linux Command Reference
File Commands Translate

1. ls Directory listing Select Language

2. ls –al Formatted listing with hidden files Powered by Translate
3. ls -lt Sorting the Formatted listing by time modification
4. cd dir Change directory to dir Popular Posts

5. cd Change to home directory DIFFERENT TYPES OF

6. pwd Show current working directory CELLS IN VLSI
Well taps (Tap Cells): They
7. mkdir dir Creating a directory dir are traditionally used so that
Vdd or GND are connected
8. cat >file Places the standard input into the file to substrate or n-well
9. more file Output the contents of the file respectively. This is to hel...

10. head file Output the first 10 lines of the file Inputs and Outputs of PD.
Inputs and Outputs at each stage of PD
11. tail file Output the last 10 lines of the file Flow. Floorplanning: Inputs: · Design
12. tail -f file Output the contents of file as it grows, starting with Setup · Gate Level Netlist · Milky way
reference...
the last 10 lines
CONGESTION CONTROL TECHNIQUES
13. touch file Create or update file Congestion needs to be analyzed after
14. rm file Deleting the file placement and the routing results depend
on how congested your design is. Routing
15. rm -r dir Deleting the directory congestion may...

16. rm -f file Force to remove the file 9 track cells VS 12 track cells
17. rm -rf dir Force to remove the directory dir track is defined as the path in which nets
can pass through. Track is generally used
18. cp file1 file2 Copy the contents of file1 to file2 as a unit to define the height of the std cell.
a...
19. cp -r dir1 dir2 Copy dir1 to dir2;create dir2 if not present
quality checks on Netlist
20. mv file1 file2 Rename or move file1 to file2,if file2 is an existing
To start the Physical design these are the
directory files we get input from Synthesis Team.
1)Netlist, 2)SDC. After receiving databas...
21. ln -s file link Create symbolic link link to file
TEMPERATURE INVERSION
TEMPERATURE INVERSION:
Process management Traditionally MOSFET drive
1. ps To display the currently working processes current (I D ) reduced with
increasing temperature. Hence
2. top Display all running process Unix/Linux Command for most cases worst case de...

Reference Multi mode multi corner analysis

3. kill pid Kill the process with given pid Multi mode multi corner analysis
Introduction to MCMM: Multi-mode multi-
4. killall proc Kill all the process named proc corner (MMMC) analysis refers to
performing STA across...
5. pkill pattern Will kill all processes matching the pattern
why clock inverters over clock buffers?
6. bg List stopped or background jobs,resume a stopped
why clock inverters over clock buffers? The
job in the background factors which we consider are the equal rise
time and fall time, drive strength and the
7. fg Brings the most recent job to foreground in...
8. fg n Brings job n to the foreground INPUTS TO PHYSICAL DESIGN
· In Physical Design mainly Six inputs
are present 1. Logical libraries -->
format is .lib --->given by Vendo...
File permission
Signal integrity
 Signal integrity is the ability of an electrical
1. chmod octal file Change the permission of file to octal,which can be signal to carry information reliably and to
found separately for user,group,world by adding, resist the effects of high-frequency
electrom...
• 4-read(r)
• 2-write(w)
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GLANCE ON PHYSICAL VERIFICATION
Searching
1. grep pattern file Search for pattern in file ►
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2. grep -r pattern dir Search recursively for pattern in dir ►

► January (14)

3. command | grep : pattern Search pattern in the output of a ►

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command
4. locate file Find all instances of file TRAFFIC

5. find . -name filename Searches in the current directory

Search This Blog
(represented by
Search
a period) and below it, for files and directories with names starting with
filename
Total Pageviews
6. pgrep: pattern Searches for all the named processes ,
that matches with the pattern and, by default, returns their ID 99,653

System Info
1. date Show the current date and time
2. cal Show this month's calender
3. uptime Show current uptime
4. w Display who is on line
5. whoami Who you are logged in as Unix/Linux Command
Reference 6. finger user Display information about
user
7. uname -a Show kernel information
8. cat /proc/cpuinfo Cpu information
9. cat proc/meminfo Memory information
10. man command Show the manual for command
11. df Show the disk usage
12. du Show directory space usage
13. free Show memory and swap usage
14. whereis app Show possible locations of app
15. which app Show which applications will be run by default

Compression

1. tar cf file.tar file Create tar named file.tar containing file

2. tar xf file.tar
3. tar czf file.tar.gz files
4. tar xzf file.tar.gz
5. tar cjf file.tar.bz2
6. tar xjf file.tar.bz2
7. gzip file
file.gz
8. gzip -d file.gz
Extract the files from file.tar
Create a tar with Gzip compression
Extract a tar using Gzip
Create tar with Bzip2 compression
Extract a tar using Bzip2
Compresses file and renames it to
Decompresses file.gz back to file

Unix/Linux Command Reference Shortcuts

1. ctrl+c Halts the current command
2. ctrl+z Stops the current command, resume with fg in the
foreground or bg in the background
3. ctrl+d Logout the current session, similar to exit
4. ctrl+w Erases one word in the current line
5. ctrl+u Erases the whole line
6. ctrl+r Type to bring up a recent command
7. !! Repeats the last command

8. exit Logout the current session

Posted by Avinash Jiddigi at 05:11 No comments:

Labels: LINUX

Basic Linux Commands

Basic Linux Commands

mkdir - make directories

Usage

mkdir [OPTION] DIRECTORY

Options

Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

-m, mode=MODE set permission mode (as in chmod), not rwxrwxrwx - umask

-p, parents no error if existing, make parent directories as needed

-v, verbose print a message for each created directory

-help display this help and exit

-version output version information and exit

cd - change directories

Use cd to change directories. Type cd followed by the name of a directory to access that directory.Keep in mind
that you are always in a directory and can navigate to directories hierarchically above or below.

mv- change the name of a directory

Type mv followed by the current name of a directory and the new name of the directory.

Ex: mv testdir newnamedir

pwd - print working directory

will show you the full path to the directory you are currently in. This is very handy to use, especially when
performing some of the other commands on this page

rmdir - Remove an existing directory

rm -r

Removes directories and files within the directories recursively.

chown - change file owner and group

Usage

chown [OPTION] OWNER[:[GROUP]] FILE

chown [OPTION] :GROUP FILE

chown [OPTION] --reference=RFILE FILE

Options

Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP. With --reference, change the owner and
group of each FILE to those of RFILE.

-c, changes like verbose but report only when a change is made

-dereference affect the referent of each symbolic link, rather than the symbolic link itself

-h, no-dereference affect each symbolic link instead of any referenced file (useful only on systems that
can change the ownership of a symlink)
-from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP

change the owner and/or group of each file only if its current owner and/or group match those specified here.
Either may be omitted, in which case a match is not required for the omitted attribute.

-no-preserve-root do not treat `/' specially (the default)

-preserve-root fail to operate recursively on `/'

-f, -silent, -quiet suppress most error messages

-reference=RFILE use RFILE's owner and group rather than the specifying OWNER:GROUP values

-R, -recursive operate on files and directories recursively

-v, -verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed

The following options modify how a hierarchy is traversed when the -R option is also specified. If more than one
is specified, only the final one takes effect.

-H if a command line argument is a symbolic link to a directory, traverse it

-L traverse every symbolic link to a directory encountered

-P do not traverse any symbolic links (default)

chmod - change file access permissions

Usage

chmod [-r] permissions filenames

r Change the permission on files that are in the subdirectories of the directory that you are currently in.
permission Specifies the rights that are being granted. Below is the different rights that you can grant in an
alpha numeric format.filenames File or directory that you are associating the rights with Permissions

u - User who owns the file.

g - Group that owns the file.

o - Other.

a - All.

r - Read the file.

w - Write or edit the file.

x - Execute or run the file as a program.

Numeric Permissions:

CHMOD can also to attributed by using Numeric Permissions:

400 read by owner

040 read by group

004 read by anybody (other)

200 write by owner

020 write by group

002 write by anybody

100 execute by owner

010 execute by group

001 execute by anybody

ls - Short listing of directory contents

-a list hidden files

-d list the name of the current directory

-F show directories with a trailing '/'

executable files with a trailing '*'

-g show group ownership of file in long listing

-i print the inode number of each file

-l long listing giving details about files and directories

-R list all subdirectories encountered

-t sort by time modified instead of name

cp - Copy files

cp myfile yourfile

Copy the files "myfile" to the file "yourfile" in the current working directory. This command will create the file
"yourfile" if it doesn't exist. It will normally overwrite it without warning if it exists.

cp -i myfile yourfile

With the "-i" option, if the file "yourfile" exists, you will be prompted before it is overwritten.

cp -i /data/myfile

Copy the file "/data/myfile" to the current working directory and name it "myfile". Prompt before overwriting
the file.

cp -dpr srcdir destdir

Copy all files from the directory "srcdir" to the directory "destdir" preserving links (-poption), file attributes (-p
option), and copy recursively (-r option). With these options, a directory and all it contents can be copied to
another dir

ln - Creates a symbolic link to a file.

ln -s test symlink

Creates a symbolic link named symlink that points to the file test Typing "ls -i test symlink" will show the two
files are different with different inodes. Typing "ls -l test symlink" will show that symlink points to the file test.

locate - A fast database driven file locator.

slocate -u

This command builds the slocate database. It will take several minutes to complete this command.This
command must be used before searching for files, however cron runs this command periodically on most
systems.locate whereis Lists all files whose names contain the string "whereis". directory.

more - Allows file contents or piped output to be sent to the screen one page at a time

less - Opposite of the more command

cat - Sends file contents to standard output. This is a way to list the contents of short files to the screen. It
works well with piping.

whereis - Report all known instances of a command

wc - Print byte, word, and line counts

bg

bg jobs Places the current job (or, by using the alternative form, the specified jobs) in the background,
suspending its execution so that a new user prompt appears immediately. Use the jobs command to discover
the identities of background jobs.

cal month year - Prints a calendar for the specified month of the specified year.

cat files - Prints the contents of the specified files.

clear - Clears the terminal screen.

cmp file1 file2 - Compares two files, reporting all discrepancies. Similar to the diff command, though the
output format differs.

diff file1 file2 - Compares two files, reporting all discrepancies. Similar to the cmp command, though the
output format differs.

dmesg - Prints the messages resulting from the most recent system boot.

fg

fg jobs - Brings the current job (or the specified jobs) to the foreground.

file files - Determines and prints a description of the type of each specified file.

find path -name pattern -print

Searches the specified path for files with names matching the specified pattern (usually enclosed in single
quotes) and prints their names. The findcommand has many other arguments and functions; see the online
documentation.

finger users - Prints descriptions of the specified users.

free - Displays the amount of used and free system memory.

ftp hostname

Opens an FTP connection to the specified host, allowing files to be transferred. The FTP program provides
subcommands for accomplishing file transfers; see the online documentation.
head files - Prints the first several lines of each specified file.

ispell files - Checks the spelling of the contents of the specified files.

kill process_ids

kill - signal process_ids

kill -l

Kills the specified processes, sends the specified processes the specified signal (given as a number or name), or
prints a list of available signals.

killall program

killall - signal program

Kills all processes that are instances of the specified program or sends the specified signal to all processes that
are instances of the specified program.

mail - Launches a simple mail client that permits sending and receiving email messages.

man title

man section title - Prints the specified man page.

ping host - Sends an echo request via TCP/IP to the specified host. A response confirms that the host is
operational.

reboot - Reboots the system (requires root privileges).

shutdown minutes

shutdown -r minutes

Shuts down the system after the specified number of minutes elapses (requires root privileges). The -r option
causes the system to be rebooted once it has shut down.

sleep time - Causes the command interpreter to pause for the specified number of seconds.

sort files - Sorts the specified files. The command has many useful arguments; see the online
documentation.

split file - Splits a file into several smaller files. The command has many arguments; see the online
documentation

sync - Completes all pending input/output operations (requires root privileges).

telnet host - Opens a login session on the specified host.

top - Prints a display of system processes that's continually updated until the user presses the q key.

traceroute host - Uses echo requests to determine and print a network path to the host.

uptime - Prints the system uptime.

w - Prints the current system users.

wall - Prints a message to each user except those who've disabled message reception. Type Ctrl-D to end the
message.

Posted by Avinash Jiddigi at 04:58 No comments:

Labels: LINUX

LINUX COMMANDS

Linux:
ls listing
ls -l long listing
ls -a listing the hidden files(starts with .)
ls -s listing according to the size
ls -t listing according to time
ls -r listing in reversed order

cd change directory
cd .. change to previous directory
cd ./.. change back to two directories back at a time
cd ~ shows the home directory
mkdir make a new directory
pwd shows the present working directory / Current directory
chmod giving the permissions of the directory or file
umask change the permissions of the filer or directory
cat a.txt opena new file
cat > a.txt concatenate/ create a new file
cntrl+D save and quit the cat file
cntl+Z suspend the action

cp copy
rm remove a file
rm -f force remove a directory
mv move

Posted by Avinash Jiddigi at 01:54 No comments:

Labels: LINUX

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