Operation

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PLANT OPERATION

I. PLANT OPERATION— GAS TURBINE/GENERATOR

A. Introduction
The package power plant, as furnished for this installation, is comprised of a heavy
duty gas turbine unit driving a generator. Also included on site are generator auxiliary
equipment, turbine and generator control equipment and off–base skids for fire
protection, air processing, compressor & turbine cleaning, cooling water, and exhaust
frame blowers (as applicable), all essential to the overall operation of the plant.
The purpose of this write-up is to provide the operator with basic information for
understanding the over-all operation of this plant.
More operational information on the turbine, generator or auxiliary equipment can be
found in the system descriptions on the equipment. Unit specific operation, settings and
adjustments information is covered by the Control Specifications. In addition one–line
diagrams, and control equipment/piping schematics are in the Outlines and Diagrams
section.

B. General
The control system supplied with this equipment is designed to provide full or partially
automatic, sequential programmed operation, as selected by the operator. During
operation, running data can be selected and displayed for operator information and
action. This important running data is displayed on both the turbine control panel, and
gauge/indicator readings on the turbine equipment. Unit alarms are displayed on the
control panel CRT for review and action by the operator.

C. Checks Prior to Operation

Prior to startup or following major maintenance work, it is essential to check all support
systems, power sources and control devices for proper condition. These checks are
dependent on individual station procedures requirements, but may include such areas as
drain valves closed, power breakers in the on position, supply/isolation valves open,

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controls in start/operation positions, any tagged out equipment returned to normal state,
all safety equipment in place.

D. Operation
Following confirmation of hardware state, the operator can set controls to the desired
point of control by way of the turbine/generator control panels. With the selection of
automatic operation, the operator can perform a single start signal at the turbine control
panel and the entire power package will start, sequence through the crank, fire,
accelerate steps to running speed, synchronize and load to a preset point, all without
additional input from the operator. If a lower level of operation (such as crank, fire) is
selected at the control panel, the unit will automatically advance to that point and
maintain until further selections are made. The SPEEDTRONIC ?control system has
been programmed to sequentially accomplish functions engineered to bring the power
plant from a standstill to the selected point of operation.
The turbine/generator control system also starts and stops base mounted and auxiliary
equipment to supply necessary cooling, lubrication, fuel requirements and protection
functions.
With automatic generator synchronization selected, the control system will read,
compare and adjust turbine–generator speed and generator voltage, etc., to match the
system requirements. The generator is then connected to the system by closure of the
generator breaker or line breaker. Output from the turbine– generator set can be
adjusted to meet distribution system needs (this can be accomplished by the system
dispatcher when that function has been connected to the control system).
Synchronization of the turbine–generator unit to the distribution system can be
automatic, as stated above, or manual. In either case, relaying and control components
compare and display on the control panel critical information useful in the proper
connection of this unit to the system. In the manual synchronization mode it is the
operator’s responsibility to adjust turbine–generator speed and generator voltage, etc.,
to match requirements before closing breaker at proper time.
Unit output is limited by turbine exhaust temperature constraints. As ambient
temperatures change, the control system will automatically adjust fuel flow to the

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turbine to maintain exhaust temperature control set point, with corresponding change in
output. Exhaust temperature control of the turbine–generator is an automatic function,
programmed into the control system for protection of the equipment, and cannot be
overridden.
In addition to the exhaust temperature control system, there are several other control
and protection systems incorporated into the controls to ensure safe operation of this
unit, these systems interact with each other automatically. They are described in the
Control Support System section.

E. Shutdown
Normal shutdown (with automatic operation selected), is accomplished by giving the
unit a stop signal at the control panel. The control system will unload the generator,
open the generator breaker, decrease fuel to the turbine until flame can no longer be
maintained in the combustion chambers, and decrease in speed to a standstill. At this
point rotor turning function will be initiated. Also during the shutdown cycle, support
systems will be activated or shutdown as required.

F. Special Operations
Special operations and abnormal operations are described in the Operation tab. These
special modes of operation are unique to the equipment and needs of the site.

Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd., Hyderabad

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