Filipino Grievances Againts Governor Wood

Background Of The Author

Name: Dr. Gregorio F. Zaide
Born: May 25, 1907, Pagsanjan Laguna, Philippine Islands
Died: October 31, 1988, Manila, Philippines
He was known as “Goyo” to the people of his hometown of Pagsanjan.
Married to Lily Magbanua
Filipino historian, author and politician from the town of Pagsanjan,
Laguna in the Philippines.
A multi-awarded author
Wrote 67 books and more than 500 articles about history.
Also known as the “Dean of Filipino Historiographers”
He retired on May 25, 1964 and entered politics, winning as mayor of
Pagsanjan from 1971 to 1975
While serving his post, he wrote a book about his town, Pagsanjan, in
History and Legend, released in 1975 (of which excerpts are published
in the town’s official website)
EDUCATION
Gregorio Zaide’s primary and secondary education were in Spanish
language, when it was the social language of the Philippines.
He graduated valedictorian from Laguna High School (now called the
Pedro Guevara Memorial National High School) in Santa Cruz, Laguna
in 1926
He obtained his Master Of Arts in 1931 from the University of the
Philippines in Manila and his Bachelor of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy
degrees in 1934 from the University of Santo Tomas in Manila.
CAREER
In his time, he was the most traveled Filipino historian, with teaching
and research stints at various universities and institutions in the
Philippines and around the world
He worked at the University of the Philippines Diliman in Quezon City;
at the University of Santo Tomas, San Beda College, University of
Manila, and Far Eastern University in Manila.
He also taught and researched for the University of Hawaii and around
the United States, as well as at the United Nations and around Asia.
As a fluent speaker of the Spanish language, he worked in Mexico, and
other Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America.
He became a member of Instituto Historico de la Independencia
Americana (Historical Institute of American Independence) in Argentina
and the Instituto Panamericano de Geografia e Historia (Pan American
Institute of Geography and History) in Mexico.
• was elected as President of the Philippine Historical Association
and served in this capacity for three terms - between 1965-1966
and in 1971.
• was also an active member of the American Historical Association
based in Washington, D.C..
• was a member of both the National Academy of Science and
Technology (NAST) and the National Research Council of the
Philippines (NRCP).
• Dr. was one of the founders of the International Association of
Historians of Asia (IAHA).
• Zaide was a Paul Harris Fellowship of the Rotary Club.
• In 1956, his wrote the screenplay for the Larry Santiago
Productions' movie Heneral Paua , a movie about Jose Ignacio
Paua, a Filipino-Chinese blacksmith turned general, a relatively
unknown hero of the Philippine revolution.
• became the first Professor emeritus of History at the Far Eastern
University after he retired in 1964.
Legacy

• The earliest editions of Zaide's books were standard texts studied

by students during the Philippines' immediate post-WWII period,
and became very influential because of their influence on the
education of first generation after Philippine independence, and
because some of these books continue to be released in updated
editions.

Major works

• Zaide was a prolific writer and historian writing about 67 books,

which were adopted as textbooks for high schools and colleges. He
also authored more than 500 articles in history published in both
national and international newspapers and academic journals.
• Among his contributions to Philippine history are the following
books:

• A Documentary History of the Katipunan

• History of the Katipunan
• Philippine Political and Cultural History
• Great Events in Philippine History
• History of the Filipino People
• History of Asian Nations
• Jose Rizal: Life, Works and Writings
• The Philippine Revolution
• Riquezas Filipinas en los Archivos de Mexico (Titled in Spanish
language)
• Great Filipinos in History
• The Pageant of Philippine History.
• World History

Awards
• Zaide was the first Asian to win the United Nations Study Award in
1957.
• He was awarded by the Philippine government the prestigious
Republic Cultural Heritage Award in 1968.
• His other awards includes:
• Diploma of Outstanding Writings on Filipino National Heroes
• A Special Prize in History in the 1940 Commonwealth Literary
Contest
• Diploma of Distinction for research on the life and works of Dr.
Jose Rizal, the Philippine national hero
• Distinguished Public Service Award.

Historical Background of the Document

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Analysis of the Important Historical Information found in the

Document.

Leonard Wood
• (born Oct. 9, 1860, Winchester, N.H., U.S.—died Aug. 7, 1927,
Boston), medical officer who became chief of staff of the U.S.
Army and governor general of the Philippine Islands (1921–27)
• graduate of Harvard Medical School (1884), Wood began his
military career the next year as a civilian contract surgeon with the
U.S. Army in the Southwest, achieving the rank of captain and
assistant surgeon by 1891.

• He was awarded a Medal of Honor for his service with the

expedition against the Apache Indians who were resisting the
capture of their leader, Geronimo (1886).
• After the outbreak of the Spanish-American War (1898), Wood
and his friend Theodore Roosevelt recruited the 1st U.S. Volunteer
 Cavalry (the famous “Rough Riders”), of which Wood was the
commanding officer.

• Meritorious conduct at the battles of Las Guasimas and San Juan

Hill, Cuba, brought him promotion to brigadier general.
• After the war he served as military governor of Cuba (1899–1902).
He earned a notable reputation there as an administrator,
establishing modern educational, judicial, and police systems and
overseeing great advances in sanitation.

• In 1903 Wood became a major general in the regular army and was
appointed governor of Moro Province in the Philippine Islands.
• He commanded the Philippine division of the army (1906–08),
after which he returned home to the army’s Eastern Department
and then became chief of staff (1910–14).
• United States Army officer
• He served as the Chief of staff of the United States Army, Military
Governor of Cuba, and Governor General of the Philippines
He began his military career as an army doctor on the frontier,
where he received the Medal of Honor.

Philippines under the American flag

- “An emblem of freedom, not of subjugation”

- “A symbol of altruism, not of selfishness or greed”

“American sovereignty was implanted in our country with the

avowed purpose of training us in the in the art of self-government
and granting us independence”

“Our good, not her gain was to be America’s aim”

Executive Order No. 37

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 Contribution and relevance of the document in understanding the
grand narrative of Phil. History and to the present time.

• The document was served as an eyewitness account which tells us

on what really happened during the American sovereignty.
• It shows that Philippines was once under the American flag.
• From what have happened during the American sovereignty, it tells
us that we must learn to stand in our own feet and be independent
• For People to stop on generalizing the idea that the whole
American nation deceived us.
• Most of the Filipinos are not aware of who Governor Wood is.
• Learn to keep your promises
• That we should not easily give our trust to someone who
• If we can do it, we should not wait for someone to do it for us.
• Unity
• don’t expect too much cause you will just get hurt in the end
• “kapag nasa katwiran ka, Ipaglaban mo!”
• Fight for your right
• Learn to speak if something is not right.