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CONTENTS
VOLUME I
Page No.
REFERENCES 012
LIST OF TABLES
3
4
URBAN REDEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY
TERM CONTRACT FOR SOIL INVESTIGATION (URA/T/13/010)
Soil Investigation Works At Sungei Tengah Agrotechnology Park
LIST OF FIGURES
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
· Cross-Sections 027
APPENDIX B
· Laboratory Test Results of Physical & Mechanical
Properties of Soil Samples 038-097
aõb
4
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
On behalf of Urban Redevelopment Authority, Econ Geotech Pte Ltd has
performed the Contract URA/T/13/010 Site Investigation Works at West Coast Vale. The
field investigation for this project was carried out between 26th March 2015 and 2nd April
2015. The works described in this report have been carried out as per the specifications and
under the technical direction of the client. This report presents the soil investigation based on
3 boreholes.
The particulars of this project are as follows:
(a) Name of Project Site Investigation Works for Contract URA / T/13/010
(Refer Table 1.1 & 1.2 for Quantities of Field and Laboratory Works)
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2.0 FIELD WORKS
2.1 General
The field works were carried out in accordance with BS 5930: 1999 “Code of Practice for Site
Investigation” and / or as directed by the client.
The Borehole Location Plan for proposed site investigation works is shown in Appendix-A.
The as-built coordinates and reduced levels of the boreholes are also presented in respective
borelogs in Appendix-A.
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water/mud before starting the test. The test was performed by using a split barrel type
sampler with a 50.8 mm external and 34.9 mm internal diameter. The test was conducted in
six stages, where each stage consisted of driving the sampler 75 mm into the soil by using a
free fall of 63.5 kg hammer (or monkey). The hammer was dropped from a height of 760 mm
on to anvil connected to the sampler by rods. The number of blows required for each 75mm
penetration was noted and the final N-value is reported as the total number of blows required
to achieve the last 300 mm of penetration, the initial 150 mm of penetration being to seat the
sampler and by-pass any disturbance. If, however, 100 blows were reached before a
penetration of 300 mm was achieved, the test was stopped and the penetration achieved
recorded.
3.1 General
The various laboratory tests were performed on undisturbed samples based on the testing
schedule approved by the alient/consultant. The tests related to mechanical properties were
performed in the Econ Geotech Laboratory. The quantities of laboratory tests are summarized
in Table 1.2
7
3.3.2 Bulk and Dry Density
The bulk density is the measured weight of a solid cylindrical soil specimen taken from an
undisturbed sample divided by its volume. The dry density was calculated from bulk density
and moisture content.
8
constant rate of strain (usually 2% per minute). Axial load and displacement were recorded at
regular intervals until a maximum deviator stress, or 20% of strain is reached. For tests with
two specimens, cell pressure of sv and 2sv were used.
4.1.1 FILL
Fill is inhomogeneous material made by man. The fill layer consists of firm to very stiff,
reddish brown and light grey, slightly sandy to sandy SILT with pieces of concrete and
stones. Fill layers were observed in all of the four (4) boreholes (BH1, BH2, BH3 and BH4).
Thickness of the Fill layers ranges from 3.00m (BH1, BH2 and BH3) to 6.00m (BH3).
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soil types of the Kallang Estuarine Member (E). Thickness of the (E) layers ranges was
3.00m (BH1).
4.1.2.1 The Residual Soils (S VI) of the Jurong Formation were composed of very stiff to
hard, light grey, reddish brown, light purplish reddish brown mottled light grey, slightly
gravelly slightly fine to medium sandy to sandy SILT. SPT N-value varies from 19 (BH1) to
31 (BH2). Thickness of Residual Soil of Jurong Formation (SIV) ranges from 3.00m (BH3)
to 12.00m (BH1).
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4.1.2.2 The Completely Weathered Sedimentary Rocks (S V) were composed of hard ,
light yellow to yellowish grey, light grey spotted white, purple strike whitish grey, slightly
gravelly slightly fine to coarse sandy to sandy SILT; very dense, light grey, light yellowish
brown to yellowish brown mottled pale purple, light brownish yellow striked yellowish grey,
slightly gravelly slightly silty to silty, fine to coarse SAND. SPT N-value varies from 35
(BH1) to >100 (BH1, BH2, BH3 and BH4). Measurable thickness of Completely Weathered
Rock of Jurong Formation (SV) ranges from 6.26m (BH1) to 14.19m (BH4).
4.1.2.3 The Highly Weathered Sedimentary Rocks (S IV) of the Jurong Formation was not
encountered in assigned area.
4.1.2.4 The Moderately Weathered Sedimentary Rocks (S III) of the Jurong Formation
was not encountered in these assigned boreholes.
4.1.2.5. The Slightly Weathered Sedimentary Rocks (S II) and Fresh Sedimentary rocks
(S I) of the Jurong Formation was not encountered in these assigned boreholes.
4.1.3 Summary
Summary of Geological Units in the present area is shown in Table 4.0.
SECTION BOREHOLES
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REFERENCES
12
SOIL INVESTIGATION WORK AT WEST COAST VALE
TABLE 1.1 QUANTITY OF FIELD WORKS AND LABORATORY TESTS
In Situ Test &
Sampling
Soil Drilling Work Soil Laboratory Test
DS Undistrubed Sample
Particle Density
Date Date
Water Content
Grain Size (Sieve)
13
BH1 26-Mar-15 28-Mar-15 1.0x1.0x1.0 24.26 24.26 - 8 4 - - 4 4 - - 4 4 4 - -
BH2 30-Mar-15 06-Apr-15 1.0x1.0x1.0 22.24 22.24 - 7 2 - 1 3 3 - - 3 3 3 - -
BH3 26-Mar-15 28-Mar-15 1.0x1.0x1.0 24.25 24.25 - 8 2 - - 2 2 - - 2 2 2 - -
BH4 31-Mar-15 02-Apr-15 1.0x1.0x1.0 21.19 21.19 - 7 3 - 1 4 4 - - 2 4 4 - -
B BEACH (Littoral) Sandy, sometimes silty, with gravels, coral and KALLANG Littoral, possibly
shells also part of all other members
& TEKONG
E ESTUARINE Peats, peaty and organic clays, organic sands KALLANG Transitional,
(Transitional) possibly part of Alluvial and
Marine.
F FLUVIAL Sands, silty sands, silts and clays KALLANG Alluvial, possibly
(Alluvial) part of all other
members and TEKONG.
M MARINE Very soft to soft blue or grey clay KALLANG Marine Member
O OLD ALLUVIUM Very weak to weak beds of sandstone and OLD ALLUVIUM
mudstone. See C-5 for weathering
classification
FC FORT CANNING A colluvial deposit of boulders in a soil matrix. Not shown in PWD (1976)
BOULDER BED The matrix is typically a hard silty clay, but
(also known as can be granular. The material is largely derived
S3, Bouldery Clay from the rocks and weathered rocks of the
or Boulder Bed) Jurong Formation
Table C-3
2.1 Classificatiion/ Symbol of Soil and Rock Type
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Geological Time Series/Stage Description of stratum Time
Bp-
Stratum
Era Period Epoch Formation Symbol Particular Origin year
Zone
First Au (O1) Consists mainly decomposed organic Deposit of limnetic brackish
Organic Clay material. Very soft & high water content. water
First Au(S1) Poor graded medium grain loose sand with Deposited at beach and
Sand some shell fragments. shallow water depth of sea.
6000
Marine Au(M) Very soft high water content and high Seabed deposit at 5-30m depth -
Clay plasticity clay. drowned valley. 10000
Upper
Alluvium First Cohesive Au(C) Very soft high water content clayey silt with Deposit of limnetic-half
soil sand. brackish water.
Second Organic Au(O2) Very soft decomposed organic matter with Deposit of limnetic-half
Clay clay. Brackish water.
Second Au(S2) Well graded sand with some organic. Deposit at shallow water
Sand depth..
Holocene
Brown AL(B) Lower water content stiff clay. Thickness Alteration by weathering
Clay varies at each location. oxidation. 11000
Third AL(S1) Medium dense fine to medium grained sand Deposit at shallow sea water -
Sand depth or beach. 15000
Lower Marine AL(M) Soft and high plasticity homogeneous clay Seabed deposit at 5-30m depth
Lower Clay with shell fragments. drowned valley.
Quarter
nary Alluvium Second Cohesive AL(C) Soft to firm high plasticity clayey silt with Deposit of limnetic-half
Soil fine sand. brackish water.
Third AL(O) Soft low water content organic clay. Deposit at shallow water depth.
Organic Clay
Fourth AL(S2) Well graded sand with some gravel and Shallow seabed deposit.
Cenozoic
Weathered Zone Bc(W) Very hard reddish brown clay with various Produce of fault as fault clay
Boulder
Tertiary__ Unknown__ Clay sizes of strong sandstone boulder. Size of and fault breccia and cemented
Cemented Zone Bc(C)
boulder ranges from 10-45cm. during some geological period.
Residual J(R) Constituted of alternating sandstone, Wholly decomposed material Approx
Soil mudstone and conglomerate. Limestone by weathering. 2.0x108
developed as thin layers. Many fault zones
Completely J(C) Decomposed material by
are found and material near the granite area -
Jurassic- Initial Weathered Zone weathering.
is disturbed. Thermal metamorphism occurs
Highly J(H) near the granite zone. Weak and friable material by 2.1x108
Weathered Zone weathering
Jurong
Formation Moderately J(M) Materials weakened near joint
Weathered Zone surface by weathering.
Mesozoic
Residual G(R Coarse-grained granodiorite and biotite Wholly decomposed material Approx
Soil granite. Contains porphyrite and to soil. 2.1x108
Triassic Middle Completely G(C) lamprophyre as dike. Two types of fault Decomposed weak material by
Weathered Zone system are found to develop. weathering. -
Highly G(H) Weak and friable material by 2.2x108
Bukit
Weathered Zone weathering.
Timah
Granite Moderately G(M) Material is weak near the joint.
Weathered Zone
Slightly G(S) Joints developed with some
Initial Weathered Zone weathering at joint surfaces.
Fresh Zone G(F) Strong massive rock.
15
Organic Soil Fine Soils Coarse soils Very coarse
(over about 35 % silt and clay sizes) (over about 65% sand and gravel sizes) soils
C-4
Table Identification
2.3 Identification
andand
16
Description
description
of of
Soil
soils
(BS(BS
5930,
5930,
1999)
1999)
Table 2.3
Table 3.2Identification
Identificationandand
description of soils
description of(continued)
soils (continued)
PRINCIPAL
Visual identification Minor constituents Stratum name Example descriptions
SOIL TYPE
BOULDERS Only seen complete in pits or exposures Shell fragments, RECENT Loose brown very sandy sub-
COBBLES Often difficult to recover whole from boreholes pockets of peal, DEPOSITS, angular fine to coarse flint
gypsum crystals, flint GRAVEL with small pockets(up
Easily visible to naked eye: particle shape can
GRAVEL gravel, fragments of ALLUVIUM, to 30mm)of clay. (TERRACE
be described: grading can be described.
brick, rootlets, plastic GRAVELS)
bags etc
Medium dense light brown
gravelly clayey fine SAND,
Visible to naked eye: no cohesion when dry: Gravel is fine (GLACIAL
SAND
grading can be described. DEPOSITS)
using terms such as; WEATHERED
BRACKLESHAM
CLAY,
with rare
Stiff very closely sheared
orange mottled brown slighlty
gravelly CLAY. Gravel is fine
Only coarse silt visible with hand lens; exhibits and medium of rounded
with occasional LIAS CLAY,
little plasticity and marked dilatancy: slightly quartzite. (REWORKED
SILT granular or silky to the touch; disintegrates in WEATHERED LONDON CLAY)
water; lumps dry quickly; possesses cohesion
but can be powdered easily between fingers
with abundant/frequent/
numerous
EMBANKMENT
Intermediate in behaviour between clay and
CLAY/SILT FILL,
silt. Slightly dilatant
%defined on a site or
material specific basis TOPSOIL,
or subjective
Firm thinly laminated grey
CLAY with closely spaced thick
laminae of sand (ALLUVIUM)
MADE GROUND
Dry lumps can be broken but not powdered
OR GLACIAL
between the fingers; they also disintegrate
DEPOSITS? etc.
under water but more slowly than silt; smooth
CLAY
to the touch; exhibits plasticity but no dilatancy;
sticks to the fingers and dries slowly; shrinks
Plastic brown clayey
appreciably on drying usually showing cracks.
amorphous PEAT (RECENT
DEPOSITS)
Notes
a) Or described as coarse soil depending on mass behaviour d) Gravelly sandy and/or silty or clayey
c) %coarse or fine soil type assessed excluding cobbles and boulders f) Gravelly of sandy
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Table 2.4 WEATHERING CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS / ROCKS
18
19
Table 2.5
Undrained Shear Strength (kPa) Consistency
< 20 Very Soft
20 – 40 Soft
40 – 75 Firm
75 – 150 Stiff
150 – 300 Very Stiff
> 300 Hard
Table 2.6.2 Classification of Clays/Silts from SPT results (Terzaghi and Peck)
30 – 50 Dense
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Fig. 1. Illustration of Boring Work
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Fig. 2. Illustration of Standard Penetration Test
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APPENDIX - A
· LOCATION PLAN
· CROSS - SECTIONS
· BOREHOLE LOGS
23
LAND
PARCEL
.
D.R
4.5m
LOCATION PLAN
SCALE: 1:5000
24
AYE
R
RAJ
AH
EXP
RES
SWA
Y (A
YE)
ALE
T V
OAS
T C
WES
25
26
SECTION1 : BH1, BH2, BH4 & BH3
GEOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION
JURONG FORMATION KALLANG FORMATION
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ECON GEOTECH PTE LTD
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ECON GEOTECH PTE LTD
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ECON GEOTECH PTE LTD
31
ECON GEOTECH PTE LTD
32
ECON GEOTECH PTE LTD
33
ECON GEOTECH PTE LTD
34
ECON GEOTECH PTE LTD
35
ECON GEOTECH PTE LTD
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APPENDIX – B
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SOIL INVESTIGATION REPORT
IMPORTANT:
DISCLAIMER NOTICE
The Authority shall not be held responsible in any way for the accuracy or completeness of
the soil investigation report and shall not be liable for any loss or damages suffered or
expenses incurred by any parties as a result of any use of or reliance on the information in
the said report.
The successful tenderer/purchaser is to conduct his own soil investigation for the purpose of
his planning and development of the Land Parcel.