USE OF ENGLISH

I. MỤC ĐÍ CH CỦ A CHUYÊN ĐỀ:

- Giúp giáo viên có thêm tài liê ̣u tham khảo các bài tập về phần sử dụng ngôn ngữ mức độ nâng
cao.
- Giúp học sinh có thêm tài liệu tham khảo, luyện tập phần sử dụng ngôn ngữ ôn thi HSG
Olympic và Quốc gia với các dạng bài tập: hình thức của từ (word forms), viết lại câu có từ khóa
(keyword transformation) và tự điền từ thích hợp vào ô trống (open-close test).
II. NỘI DUNG:
A. WORD FORMATION
1. CPE Word Formation: A Balloon Expedition
0 E XP E DI T I ON
In 1897 three Swedes set out from Svalbard on an (0) …… to the North Pole by hot air balloon under
the (1) …… of S.A. Andree. Although all three men were experienced (2) ……, they continued to have (3)
…… faith in the effectiveness of their equipment despite considerable evidence of the (4) …… of the
balloon’s steering system which Andree had designed himself. Also, the polar balloon had not (5) …… the
normal testing procedure for hydrogen balloons but none of the three men, would in any way (6) …… the
serious (7) …… that this had for the likely fate of their voyage. Soon after their departure on July 7th, it was
noticed that (8) …… amounts of hydrogen were escaping from the balloon but the three men were
unconcerned by the amount of (9) …… . Unfortunately, as the balloon gained altitude, this loss of gas soon
(10) …… and so, after a brief flight of ten hours and twenty-nine minutes the balloon crash-landed on pack-
ice where the three explorers attempted to continue their journey on foot. Their bodies were eventually
recovered from the ice thirty-three years later.
0. EXPEDITE
1. LEAD 2. BALLOON 3. QUESTION 4. EFFECT 5. GO
6. KNOW 7. IMPLY 8. CONSIDER 9. LEAK 10. QUICK

1. LEADERSHIP 2. BALLOONISTS 3. UNQUESTIONING

4. INEFFECTIVENESS 5. UNDERGONE 6. ACKNOWLEDGE
7. IMPLICATIONS 8. CONSIDERABLE 9. LEAKAGE
10. QUICKENED

2. CPE Word Formation: Big Companies Go Green

0 ANNOUNC E ME NT
The government has recently made an (0) …… that should please environmentalists. After
(1) …… were made against more than one high-profile company regarding the releasing of raw
(2) …… into rivers and the sea, ministers have promised to adopt a zero (3) …… approach to enforcing
environmental protection rules. This has forced some companies to go on the (4) …… and try publishing
statistics designed to play down the (5) …… of the problems they have caused. One oil has company
recently had a promotional campaign in which they claim that they were actually responsible for rescuing a
number of species from the brink of (6) …… in an area of tropical rainforest. But despite such publicity, it
may hard to (7) …… their negative public image after security personnel from the same company were
filmed using (8) …… force to (9) …… restrain protesters outside one of their UK plants. Several news
networks broadcast images of violent clashes after what appeared to be a perfectly (10) …… public protest.
0. ANNOUNCE
1. ALLEGE 2. SEWER 3. TOLERATE 4. OFFEND 5. EXTEND
6. EXTINCT 7. COME 8. EXCEED 9. PHYSICS 10. ORDER

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1. ALLEGATIONS 2. SEWAGE 3. TOLERANCE 4. OFFENSIVE 5. EXTENT
6. EXTINCTION 7. OVERCOME 8. EXCESSIVE 9. PHYSICALLY 10. ORDERLY

3. CPE Word Formation: Business Interests

0 AP T I T UDE
Ed Bullock clearly has a great (0) …… for making money. As the richest man in north-east Bristol,
he's known for the (1) …… approach he has taken to amassing his huge fortune in a (2) …… short space of
time. His first business venture, at the age of twenty was in engineering. With an (3) …… capital of only
fifty pounds, he built the (4) …… of a new kind garden tool, which was soon selling like hot cakes. He then
moved into the highly (5) …… world of print and news media, by buying a local newspaper whose monthly
(6) …… , at the time of purchase, was (7) …… low. Within a few months he had turned the business around
and showed that he was perfectly (8) …… of running large businesses as well as small ones. He had also
(9) …… attracted the attention of the local anti-corruption police who have carefully watched his dealings
ever since. Sixteen years later, Bullock is currently the majority (10) …… in no less than twenty-eight
separate firms and has a personal fortune estimated at seventy million pounds.
0. APT
1. INNOVATION 2. DECISION 3. INITIATE 4. TYPE 5. COMPETITION
6. CIRCLE 7. PITY 8. ABLE 9. WIT 10. HOLD
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1. INNOVATIVE 2. DECIDEDLY 3. INITIAL 4. PROTOTYPE 5. COMPETITIVE

6. CIRCULATION 7. PITIFULLY 8. CAPABLE 9. UNWITTINGLY
10. SHAREHOLDER or STAKEHOLDER

4. CPE Word Formation: Illegal Downloads

0 DOWNL OADI NG
The problem of people illegally (0) …… music from the Internet has been gaining large amounts of
(1) …… in recent weeks. The fact that so much (2) …… pop music is now available from illegal sources,
means that young people are no longer purchasing the latest (3) …… tune from legitimate sellers. But
although this practice is (4) …… upon by many older citizens, the younger age-group, who would be more
likely to (5) …… new music stars and be willing to pay for their creations are beginning to resent the idea of
(6) …… the pockets of musicians who are often already multi-millionaires. These young song- swappers
present other (7) …… arguments why for their peers illegal file-sharing has become the (8) …… . They
point to the ephemeral nature of the music industry and suggest that any music star with truly
(9) …… appeal will never be short of money and believe that the decision should (10) …… be up to you
whether you pay to copy something that you can hear for free on the radio anyway.
0. LOAD
1. PUBLIC 2. MAIN 3. CATCH 4. FROWN 5. IDOL
6. LINE 7. COMPULSORY 8. NORMAL 9. LAST 10. ULTIMATE
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1. PUBLICITY 2. MAINSTREAM 3. CATCHY 4. FROWNED

5. IDOLISE or IDOLIZE 6. LINING 7. COMPELLING 8. NORM
9. LASTING 10. ULTIMATELY

B. KEYWORD TRANSFORMATION
1. CPE Keyword Transformation: Boring Movies
Titanic was so boring that I fell asleep after the first hour. LESS
Had Titanic …………………. have fallen asleep in the first hour.
0 BEEN LESS BORING I WOULDN'T

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 1. Mary, what do you think you would do if you won the lottery? SUPPOSING
Mary, ………………………. what would you do?
2. The best thing to do is to be honest with her about the situation. STRAIGHT
If I were you, …………………………… her about the situation.
3. I like to take my time to decide, not rush important things. SNAP
I don't like to ……………………… important things.
4. I know it is unlikely, but if you see Mum, could you give her this money? HAPPEN
If you ……………………… could you give her this money?
5. In my job as a journalist, I can get money that is more than enough to live on. LIVING
I can …………………………. as a journalist.
6. I would have made different arrangements, if I had been warned about the situation. HAD
I would have made different arrangements, …………………………. about the situation.
7. Although I can see your point, the most important thing is that we don't have the money to open a
new branch of the company. BOTTOM
Although I can see your point, ……………………….we don't have enough money to open a new
branch.
8. I can lend you ten pounds, on the condition that you give me back the money next week, Shohei.
PROVIDING
I can lend you ten pounds, ……………………………. me the money next week.
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1. SUPPOSING YOU WON THE LOTTERY

2. I WOULD BE STRAIGHT WITH
3. MAKE SNAP DECISIONS ABOUT or
MAKE SNAP DECISIONS ON
4. SHOULD HAPPEN TO SEE MUM, or
SHOULD HAPPEN TO SEE MUM or
5. MAKE A GOOD LIVING or
EARN A GOOD LIVING or
MAKE A DECENT LIVING or
EARN A DECENT LIVING
6. HAD I BEEN WARNED or
IF I HAD BEEN WARNED
7. THE BOTTOM LINE IS
8. PROVIDING THAT YOU GIVE or
PROVIDING YOU GIVE

2. CPE Keyword Transformation: Demonstrators

Some of the rowdier students were encouraging other demonstrators to throw stones. EGGED
Demonstrators were …………………..throw stones.
0 BEING EGGED ON TO
1. It's a good idea, but you really need to consider it carefully before you take action. THROUGH
Your idea is good, but it …………………………. before you act on it.
2. My manager told me that I ought to test my new idea in a small way to see it works. PILOT
My manager wants me to run ……………………..so that we can evaluate it.
3. Jenny apologises, but she isn't very well today so she won't be coming in. HERSELF
Jenny is sorry but she can't come in as she ………………………….today.
4. The government recommend a balance of reward and punishment when dealing with young
offenders. STICK
The government favour a ………………………to young offenders
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 5. Apparently, only one percent of the total land is used for agricultural production. ACCOUNTS
It seems that agricultural production ……………………….the total land.
6. Graham likes bananas, but when he eats them he always feels bad afterwards. AGREE
Bananas ……………………….Graham but he still likes them.
7. Let's all work together, and we'll finish the job very quickly. NEXT
We'll have this job done ……………………………..if we all co-operate.
8. If you want to succeed, you need to make best use of the things you are good at. PLAY
You have to ……………………………if you want to do well.
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1. NEEDS TO BE THOUGHT THROUGH or

NEEDS THINKING THROUGH or
NEEDS THINKING THROUGH
CAREFULLY or
NEEDS TO BE THOUGHT THROUGH
CAREFULLY
2. A PILOT SCHEME or
A PILOT PROJECT
3. ISN'T FEELING HERSELF or
IS NOT FEELING HERSELF or
DOES NOT FEEL HERSELF or
DOESN'T FEEL HERSELF
4. CARROT AND STICK APPROACH or
CARROT AND STICK POLICY
5. ACCOUNTS FOR JUST ONE PERCENT OF or
ACCOUNTS FOR ONLY ONE PERCENT OF or
ACCOUNTS FOR ONE PERCENT OF or
ACCOUNTS FOR ONE PER CENT OF
6. DON'T AGREE WITH
7. IN NEXT TO NO TIME
8. PLAY TO YOUR STRENGTHS

3. CPE Keyword Transformation: Endangered Species

Many of the world's most exotic animals may disappear in the near future unless we take urgent
action. EXTINCTION
Many of the world's most exotic animals are ……………….., unless we take urgent action.
0 ON THE VERGE OF EXTINCTION
1. The number of people killed this year in bicycle accidents is now thirty-five. ALREADY
Thirty-five people ……………………………….far this year in bicycle accidents.
2. Nobody knows what to expect when they get there. DARK
Everybody is ………………………….. find when they get there.
3. The heart attack was probably caused by shock. BROUGHT
The heart attack …………………………….by shock.
4. She simply assumed that they would all agree with her. TOOK
She …………………………..that they would all agree with her.
5. Peter has more work than he can handle. COPE
Peter …………………………. his workload.
6. It gave me great pleasure to hear that my ex-boyfriend's marriage was a disaster. GLOATED
I ……………………………..news that my ex-boyfriend's marriage was a disaster.

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 7. The company has no plans to replace the current model. REPLACING
The company is ……………………………. the current model.
8. Children's educational development suffers if they grow up in a home where the television is
permanently switched on. CONDUCIVE
Growing up in a home where the television is permanently switched on ……………………
educational development.
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1. HAVE ALREADY BEEN KILLED SO or

ALREADY HAVE BEEN KILLED SO or
HAVE BEEN KILLED ALREADY SO
2. IN THE DARK ABOUT WHAT THEY WILL or
IN THE DARK AS TO WHAT THEY WILL or
IN THE DARK ON WHAT THEY WILL
3. WAS PROBABLY BROUGHT ON or
WAS PROBABLY BROUGHT BY
4. TOOK IT FOR GRANTED or
TOOK IT AS READ or
TOOK IT AS GIVEN
5. CAN'T COPE WITH or
CANNOT COPE WITH
6. GLOATED OVER THE
7. NOT PLANNING ON REPLACING
8. IS NOT CONDUCIVE TO CHILDREN'S or
IS NOT CONDUCIVE TO A CHILD'S

4. CPE Keyword Transformation: No Difficulties

I don't think we will find anything difficult in the test. FORESEE
I cannot …………………..anything difficult in the test.
0 FORESEE THERE BEING
1. I don't know why he started behaving differently. ABOUT
I don't know what ……………………….……… his behaviour.
2. When house prices increased dramatically we abandoned our plans to buy a flat. BUYING
We gave ………………………. to the increase in house prices.
3. Our teacher always made sure that all her students learned something new each lesson. SAW
Our teacher always ……………. something new for each student to learn in every lesson.
4. I really need my car when I do the sales trips in the Midlands. NEVER
Were it ………………………………….. do the sales trips in the Midlands.
5. Customers: Please don't smoke in the company car park. KINDLY
We ………………………. from smoking in the company car park.
6. It's the long wait for the exam results that really annoys me about the CPE exam. STAND
What I really …………………………………..the long wait for the results.
7. She wouldn't let me stay in the bar when she realised I was under age. INSISTENT
She was quite …………………………..realising that I was under age.
8. Her job title is Sales Manager but in fact she does the job of a director. INTENTS
Although her job title is Sales Manager, …………………………….. the company director.
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1. BROUGHT ABOUT THE CHANGE IN or

BROUGHT ON THE CHANGE IN or

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 BROUGHT ABOUT THIS CHANGE IN or
BROUGHT ON THIS CHANGE IN
2. UP OUR PLANS OF BUYING A FLAT OWING or
UP OUR PLANS OF BUYING A FLAT DUE or
UP ON BUYING A FLAT DUE or
UP ON BUYING A FLAT OWING
3. SAW TO IT THAT THERE WAS or
SAW TO IT THAT SHE INCLUDED or
SAW TO IT THAT THERE WAS ALWAYS or
SAW TO IT THAT SHE ALWAYS
INCLUDED
4. NOT FOR MY CAR I COULD NEVER or
NOT FOR MY CAR I NEVER COULD or
NOT FOR MY CAR I COULDN'T or
NOT FOR MY CAR I COULDN'T EVER
5. KINDLY ASK ALL CUSTOMERS TO REFRAIN or
ASK ALL CUSTOMERS TO KINDLY REFRAIN or
ASK THAT ALL CUSTOMERS KINDLY REFRAIN or
KINDLY ASK CUSTOMERS TO REFRAIN or
ASK CUSTOMERS TO KINDLY REFRAIN or
ASK THAT CUSTOMERS KINDLY REFRAIN
6. CAN'T STAND ABOUT THE CPE EXAM IS or
CANNOT STAND ABOUT THE CPE EXAM IS
7. INSISTENT ON MY LEAVING THE BAR AFTER or
INSISTENT ON MY LEAVING THE BAR ON or
INSISTENT THAT I LEAVE THE BAR AFTER or
INSISTENT THAT I LEAVE THE BAR ON or
INSISTENT ON ME LEAVING THE BAR AFTER or
INSISTENT ON ME LEAVING THE BAR ON
8. TO ALL INTENTS AND PURPOSES SHE IS or
TO ALL INTENTS AND PURPOSES SHE'S

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 C. OPEN CLOSE TEST
1. CPE Open Cloze: Getting Ahead At Work
0 MUC H
One job is pretty (0) ………… like another. In fact, having a job is a bit like being in a family.
Everybody assumes a different role and conflict is (1) ………… with from that perspective. The difference
in the workplace is that (2) ………… if you don't like the role you have, you need to continue to
(3) ………… a brave face on it. And unlike in a family, (4) ………… you might do little or nothing to help
out, in your job, you are expected to do your (5) ………… share - nobody else wants to do your work for
you.
Some people go (6) ………… of their way to be helpful at work although (7) ………… is not always
noticed or appreciated. Some people are naturally very (8) ………… the ball and always seem to be very on
(9) ………… of things. Others resent the (10) ………… that they have their boss (11) ………… down their
necks all the time and they try to avoid having to (12) ………… on your feet; like when you discover it's
somebody's birthday but nothing has been organised, so you create a card on your PC, wrap the bottle of
wine you have just bought for dinner and organise for everybody to sing Happy Birthday out of tune. Do this
1279115719
often enough and you will be well on the way to becoming the most popular person around.
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1. DEALT 2. EVEN 3. PUT 4. WHERE 5. FAIR

6. OUT 7. IT or THIS 8. ON 9. TOP 10. FACT
11. BREATHING 12. PULL

2. CPE Open Cloze: King's Ransom

0 T OGE T HE R
In 1998, two young MBA graduates, Ben King and Miles Ransom put (0) ………… a business plan
that would transform the airline industry. They (1) ………… out to establish an airline whose style and
brand image were decidedly out of tune (2) ………… most other operators and promised a good
(3) ………… on their shareholders' initial investment. At a time when penny-pinching budget deals
extended to (4) ………… level of the airline industry and customer comfort levels were going from bad to
(5) …………, the two entrepreneurs (6) ………… upon the idea of offering a little more luxury.
By weighing (7) ………… customer satisfaction against profit margins, they were able to (8) …………
an obvious conclusion; that it wouldn't (9) ………… much additional cost to attract customers away from
their competitors. Their new premium-rate airline took (10) ………… name from the founders' surnames.
King's Ransom Ltd (11) ………… to the air in February 1999 and as most readers are no doubt only
(12) ………… his share alone was worth a staggering sixteen billion pounds.
1. SET 2. WITH 3. RETURN or PROFIT 4. EVERY
5. WORSE 6. HIT 7. UP 8. DRAW or MAKE
9. TAKE or REQUIRE 10. ITS 11. TOOK 12. TOO
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3. CPE Open Cloze: Pluto

0 AF T E R
In 1930, (0) ………… nearly a year of painstaking work at the Lowell Observatory, (1) …………
American astronomer, Clyde W Tombaugh finally identified an object in the outer (2) ………… system
which (3) ………… to be known as Pluto. He had been searching for an object (4) ………… existence had
been predicted by extrapolating (5) ………… observations of changes in the shape of other planets’ orbits.
To do (6) ………… Tombaugh ended up (7) ………… to look through hundreds of pairs photographs taken
of sections of the (8) ………… sky at two different times in order to identify an object which appeared to
change position between the (9) ………… and the second.
After the discovery, the Lowell Observatory invited (10) ………… suggestions and soon ideas
(11) ………… pouring in from all over the world. The name which was eventually (12) ………… the third
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criterion for planet-hood, namely that it would need to have swallowed up all other objects in or near its
orbit. In fact thousands of objects have been discovered around the orbit of Pluto and so despite massive
protests from ardent supporters, it is no longer included in the list of solar system planets.
1. THE 2. SOLAR 3. CAME 4. WHOSE 5. FROM
6. THIS 7. HAVING or NEEDING 8. NIGHT 9. FIRST
10. NAMING or NAME 11. CAME or STARTED or STARTED
12. AGREED or SETTLED
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4. CPE Open Cloze: Stroking Sharks

0 I T
On a recent one-week diving trip in Australia, (0) ………… was suggested by the organisers of the tour
that I might like to (1) ………… stroking one of the most fearsome beasts the Coral Sea (2) ………… to
offer. At first, our tour group, (3) ………… included, reacted with amused reluctance but we were assured,
during our usual pre-dive briefing, that (4) ………… the business of feeding was safely out of the (5)
…………, it would be perfectly safe to approach a shark while it was (6) ………… rest and actually touch it
on the side of its body. The guides insisted that (7) ………… experienced divers, members of our group
should have (8) ………… difficulty in lowering ourselves to the sandy seabed where white-tip reef-sharks
are inclined to (9) ………… a rest after the exertions of the planned shark-feeding.
The feeding itself was certainly as spectacularly feral in (10) ………… intensity as had been promised.
Twenty or so two-metre sharks convened on an underwater garden location and (11) ………… turns ripping
pieces off a frozen mass of fish, lowered into the water from the dive boat above. Meanwhile, my group of
amazed divers knelt on the sandy ocean floor at a safe (12) ………… I was able manouvre myself to within
an arm's length of one of them and cautiously reach out and touch it. And I am glad to say, I am still in
possession of my right hand.
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1. TRY or ATTEMPT 2. HAD or HAS 3. MYSELF or ME

4. ONCE or AFTER or AFTER 5. WAY 6. AT
7. AS or BEING 8. NO or LITTLE 9. HAVE or TAKE
10. ITS 11. TOOK 12. DISTANCE

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