Material Curso Rav4 SENATI (001-050)

RAV4
New car feature
2014
Print-Toyota Service Information Página 1 de 1
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM GENERAL GENERAL
OUTLINE
a. The engine control system performs highly accurate, integrated control of the following systems to
achieve high performance, high power, high fuel efficiency and reduced emissions:
i. Sequential Multiport Fuel Injection (SFI)
ii. Electronic Spark Advance (ESA)
iii. Electronic Throttle Control System-intelligent (ETCS-i)
iv. Dual Variable Valve Timing-intelligent (Dual VVT-i)
v. Acoustic Control Induction System (ACIS)
vi. Tumble Control*1
vii. Fuel Pump Control
viii. Air Conditioning Cut-off Control
ix. Cooling Fan Control
x. Starter Control (Cranking Hold Function)*2
xi. Air Fuel Ratio Sensor and Oxygen Sensor Heater Control
xii. Engine Immobiliser
xiii. Brake Override System
xiv. Diagnosis
xv. Fail-safe
*1: Models for Brazil and Korea
*2: Models with entry and start system
© 2012 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION. All Rights Reserved.
http://192.168.1.110/tdp_sit/data/TOYOTA/RAV4/N00024/manual/ncf/contents/NM... 01/07/2014
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM GENERAL SYSTEM DIAGRAM
Crank Position Sensor SFI
Fuel Injector Assemblies

Camshaft Position Sensor
(Intake)

(Exhaust)
ESA
Ignition Coil Assemblies

Intake Mass Air Flow Meter
Sub-Assembly
Spark Plug
Intake Air Temperature Sensor

ECM
Air Fuel Ratio Sensor (Bank 1,

Sensor 1)
ETCS-i
Throttle Control Motor

Oxygen Sensor (Bank 1, Sensor 2)
Accelerator Pedal Sensor Assembly
Throttle Position Sensor DUAL VVT-i
Camshaft Timing Oil Control

Engine Coolant Temperature Valve Assembly (Intake)
Sensor

Valve Assembly (Exhaust)
Knock Control Sensor
Tumble Control Valve Position ACIS

Sensor*1
Duty Vacuum Switching Valve
Transponder Key Amplifier Assembly*2
Tumble Control*1
ID Code Box (Immobiliser Code ECU)
*3,*4
Actuator (DC Motor)
Certification ECU (Smart Key ECU

Assembly)*3,*5
Fuel Pump Control*9
Park/Neutral Position Switch Circuit Opening Relay

Assembly*6
Fuel Pump
Clutch Switch Assembly*7
Fuel Pump Control*10

Transmission Control Switch*6
Fuel Pump Control ECU

Assembly
Cruise Control Main Switch Assembly*8
Stop Light Switch Assembly Fuel Pump
*1: Models for Brazil and Korea *7: Models with manual transaxle with clutch switch
assembly
*2: Models without entry and start system
*3: Models with entry and start system *8: Models with cruise control system
*4: Models with ID code box *9: Except 2WD models for Korea
*5: Models without ID code box *10: 2WD models for Korea
*6: Models with automatic transaxle
Ignition Switch*1 Cooling Fan Control
No. 1 Cooling Fan Relay
IG2 Relay*2
Alternator
EFI Main Relay
Electric Load Signals
Air Fuel Ratio Sensor and Oxygen

Sensor Heater Control
Starter Signal
Air Fuel Ratio Sensor Heater
Battery Oxygen Sensor Heater
*1: Models without entry and start system *2: Models with entry and start system
DLC3 Stater Control*5
Certification ECU (Smart Key

ECU Assembly)
CAN (V
Bus)
Air Conditioning Amplifier Assembly Starter Relay Assembly
ACC Relay
Skid Control ECU
Center Airbag Sensor Assembly
CAN (V Bus)
4WD ECU Assembly*1

Combination Meter Assembly
*4 MIL
Vehicle Speed Signal

Sport Mode Switch*2
Tachometer
*3
*1: 4WD/AWD models *4: 4WD/AWD models with manual transaxle
*2: Models with sport mode switch *5: Models with entry and start system
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM GENERAL PARTS LOCATION
*1 (*A)
*2
*3 (*A)
*7 (*C)
*6
*4 *1 (*B)
*3 (*B)
*5
*9
*8
*16
*15 *17
*10
*14
*13 (*D) *18
*12 *19
*11
*20
*A RHD Models *B LHD Models

*C 2WD Models for Korea *D Models for Brazil and Korea
Intake Mass Air Flow Meter Sub-assembly
*1 DLC3 *2 · Intake Air Temperature Sensor
*3 Accelerator Pedal Sensor Assembly *4 Oxygen Sensor (Bank 1, Sensor 2)

Fuel Suction with Pump Tube Assembly
*5 ECM *6 · Fuel Pump
Camshaft Timing Oil Control Valve Assembly

*7 Fuel Pump Control ECU Assembly *8
(Intake)
Camshaft Timing Oil Control Valve Assembly
*9 *10 Camshaft Position Sensor (Exhaust)
(Exhaust)
*11 Air Fuel Ratio Sensor (Bank 1, Sensor 1) *12 Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
Actuator (for Tumble Control) Throttle Body Assembly
*13 · Built-in Tumble Control valve Position *14 · Throttle Position Sensor
Sensor · Throttle Control Motor
*15 Camshaft Position Sensor (Intake) *16 Ignition Coil Assembly

*17 Fuel Injector Assembly *18 VSV (for ACIS)
*19 Knock Control Sensor *20 Crank Position Sensor
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM CONTROL ENGINE CONTROL
FUNCTION OF MAIN COMPONENTS
The main components of the engine control system are as follows:

a. Component Outline Quantity Function
The ECM optimally controls the engine
control system to suit the operating
ECM Forest 2 1
conditions of the engine in accordance
with the signals provided by the sensors.
Air Fuel Ratio
Type with Heater
Sensor (Bank 1, 1 Detects the oxygen concentration in the
(Planar Type)
Sensor 1) exhaust emissions by measuring the
Oxygen Sensor electromotive force which is generated in
Type with Heater the sensor itself.
(Bank 1, Sensor 1
(Cup Type)
2)
Intake Mass Air
Uses a built-in hot-wire to directly detect
Flow Meter Sub- Hot-wire Type 1
the intake air mass.
assembly
Intake Air
Temperature Thermistor Type 1 Detects the intake air temperature.
Sensor
Engine Coolant
Temperature Thermistor Type 1 Detects the engine coolant temperature.
Sensor
Crank Position
Pick-up Coil Type Detects the engine speed and performs
Sensor [Rotor 1
[36 - 2] the cylinder identification.
Teeth]
Magnetic
Camshaft Position
Resistance
Sensor [Rotor 2 Performs the cylinder identification.
Element (MRE)
Teeth]
Type [3]
Throttle Position
Non-contact Type 1 Detects the throttle valve opening angle.
Sensor
Accelerator Pedal Detects the amount of pedal effort
Non-contact Type 1
Sensor Assembly applied to the accelerator pedal.
Tumble Control
Detects the tumble control valve opening
Valve Position Non-contact Type 1
angle.
Sensor*
Built-in Detects an occurrence of engine
Knock Control Piezoelectric knocking indirectly from the vibration of
1
Sensor Element Type the cylinder block caused by the
(Flat Type) occurrence of engine knocking.
Camshaft Timing Changes the oil passage to the VVT-i
Oil Control Valve Solenoid Type 2 controller in response to signals from the
Assembly ECM.
Regulates the opening of the throttle
Throttle Control
DC Motor 1 valve in accordance with the signals from
Motor
the ECM.
The fuel injector assembly is an
Fuel Injector electromagnetically-operated nozzle
12-hole Type 4
Assembly which injects fuel in accordance with the
signals from the ECM.
Incorporates an igniter and provides a
Ignition Coil high level of voltage necessary for
Type with Igniter 4
Assembly ignition in accordance with signals from
the ECM.
Duty Vacuum
Controls the actuator for ACIS in
Switching Valve Solenoid Type 1
accordance with ECM signals.
(VSV for ACIS)
Iridium-tipped Sparks a high level of voltage from the
Spark Plug 4
Type ignition coil assembly inside the cylinder.
*: Models for Brazil and Korea
SYSTEM CONTROL
a. The engine control system has the following features. The ECM controls these systems:
System Outline
· An L-type SFI system detects the intake air mass with a

Sequential Multiport Fuel hot-wire type intake mass air flow meter sub-assembly.
Injection (SFI) · The fuel injection system is a sequential multiport fuel
injection system.
Ignition timing is determined by the ECM based on signals from

Electronic Spark Advance
various sensors. The ECM corrects ignition timing in response to
(ESA)
engine knocking.
Optimally controls the throttle valve opening in accordance with
Electronic Throttle Control
the amount of accelerator pedal effort, the throttle valve opening
System-intelligent (ETCS-
control request from the ECM, and the condition of the engine
i)
and the vehicle.
Dual Variable Valve Regulates operation of the intake and exhaust camshafts to
Timing-intelligent (Dual ensure an optimal valve timing in accordance with the engine
VVT-i) condition.
The intake air passages are switched in accordance with the
Acoustic Control Induction
engine speed and throttle valve opening angle to provide high
System (ACIS)
performance in all speed ranges.
Controls fully closes the tumble control valve during cold start
Tumble Control*1 and cold running conditions to improve exhaust emissions while
the engine is running cold.
· Based on signals from the ECM, the fuel pump control

ECU assembly controls the fuel pump.
*2 · The fuel pump is stopped when any of the Supplemental
Restraint System (SRS) airbags are deployed.
Fuel Pump Control

· Fuel pump operation is controlled by signals from the
ECM.
*3 · The fuel pump is stopped when any of the Supplemental
Restraint System (SRS) airbags are deployed.
Air Conditioning Cut-off By turning the air conditioning compressor assembly on or off in
Control accordance with the engine condition, driveability is maintained.
Radiator cooling fan operation is controlled by signals from the
ECM based on the engine coolant temperature sensor signal
Cooling Fan Control
(THW) and the operating condition of the air conditioning
system.
Once the engine switch is pushed, this control continues to
Starter Control*4
operate the starter until the engine has started.
Air Fuel Ratio Sensor and Maintains the temperature of the air fuel ratio sensor and oxygen
Oxygen Sensor Heater sensor at an appropriate level to increase accuracy of detection
Control of the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas.
Prohibits fuel delivery and ignition if an attempt is made to start
Engine Immobiliser
the engine with an invalid key.
The driving torque is restricted when both the accelerator and
Brake Override System
brake pedals are depressed.
When the ECM detects a malfunction, the ECM diagnoses and
Diagnosis
memorizes the failed section.
When the ECM detects a malfunction, the ECM stops or controls
Fail-safe
the engine according to the data already stored in memory.
*1: Models for Brazil and Korea

*2: 2WD Models for Korea
*3: Except 2WD Models for Korea
*4: Models with entry and start system
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM CONTROL ELECTRONIC THROTTLE CONTROL SYSTEM-intelligent (ETCS-
i) CONTROL
SYSTEM CONTROL
a. The ETCS-i is used, providing excellent throttle control in all operating ranges.
b. The ETCS-i uses the ECM to calculate the optimal throttle valve opening that is appropriate for the respective driving
condition and uses a throttle control motor to control the opening.
c. The ETCS-i controls the idle speed, Traction Control (TRC)*1, Vehicle Stability Control (VSC)*1 system and cruise
control system*2.
*1: Models with TRC
*2: Models with cruise control system
d. In case of an abnormal condition, this system switches to the limp mode.
Throttle Valve

Throttle Control Motor
CAN (V1 Bus)
Intake Mass Air Flow Meter Skid Control ECU*1

Sub-assembly
ECM
Cruise Control Main

Switch*2
Ignition Coil Fuel Injector

Assemblies Assemblies
*1: Models with TRC
*2: Models with cruise control system
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM CONTROL DUAL VVT-i CONTROL
FUNCTION
The Dual VVT-i system is designed to control the intake and exhaust camshafts within a range of 40° respectively (of
Crankshaft Angle) to provide valve timing optimally suited to the engine condition. This improves torque in all the
speed ranges as well as increasing fuel economy and reducing exhaust emissions.
*6
*1 *5
*2
*4
*7
*8
a.
*3
Camshaft Timing Oil Control Valve Assembly Camshaft Timing Oil Control Valve Assembly
*1 *2
(Intake) (Exhaust)
*3 Crank Position Sensor *4 Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
*5 Camshaft Position Sensor (Exhaust) *6 Camshaft Position Sensor (Intake)
· Intake Mass Air Flow Meter Sub-

*7 ECM *8 assembly
· Throttle Position Sensor
Valve Timing
: Intake valve opening angle
: Exhaust valve opening angle VVT-i Operation Range (Exhaust)

TDC
VVT-i Operation Range (Intake) 3° 4°
43° 44°
61° 60°
VVT-i Operation Range (Intake) VVT-i Operation Range (Exhaust)

21° 20°
BDC
The VVT-i system delivers excellent benefits in the different operating conditions as follows:
i. During Idling
: Intake TDC
b.
: Exhaust Earliest Timing (Exhaust) Latest Timing (Intake)
BDC
Objective Effect
Reducing overlap to reduce blow back to the intake · Stabilized idling speed
side · Better fuel economy
ii. At Light Load

: Intake TDC
To Advance Side (Exhaust) To Retard Side (Intake)
: Exhaust
BDC
Objective Effect
Reducing overlap to reduce blow back to the intake
Ensured engine stability
side
At Medium Load
iii.
: Intake TDC
To Advance Side (Intake) To Retard Side (Exhaust)
: Exhaust
BDC
Objective Effect
Increasing overlap to increase internal EGR to reduce · Better fuel economy

pumping loss · Improved emission control
iv. In Low to Medium Speed Range with Heavy Load

: Intake TDC
: Exhaust
To Retard Side (Exhaust) To Advance Side (Intake)
BDC
Objective Effect
Advancing the intake valve close timing for
Improved torque in low to medium speed range
volumetric efficiency improvement
v. In High Speed Range with Heavy Load
: Intake TDC
: Exhaust
To Retard Side (Intake) To Advance Side (Exhaust)

BDC
Objective Effect
Retarding the intake valve close timing for volumetric
Improved output
efficiency improvement
vi. At Low Temperatures

: Intake TDC
BDC
Objective Effect
Reducing overlap to reduce blow back to the intake · Stabilized fast idle speed
side leads to the lean burning condition, and · Better fuel economy
stabilizes the idling speed at fast idle
vii. Starting Engine and Stopping Engine

: Intake TDC
BDC
Objective Effect
Reducing overlap to minimize blow back to the intake
Improved startability
side
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM CONTROL ACOUSTIC CONTROL INDUCTION SYSTEM (ACIS) CONTROL
FUNCTION
a. The ACIS uses a bulkhead to divide the intake manifold into 2 stages, with an intake air control valve in the bulkhead
being opened and closed to vary the effective length of the intake manifold in accordance with the engine speed and
throttle valve opening angle. This increases the power output in all ranges from low to high speed.
*8
*7
*4
*1 *3 *5
*6
*2
*1 Crank Position Sensor *2 ECM

*3 VSV *4 Actuator
*5 Throttle Position Sensor *6 Intake Air Control Valve
*7 Vacuum Tank *8 Check Valve
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM CONTROL TUMBLE CONTROL
FUNCTION
a. In the tumble control system, the tumble control valve remains fully closed during cold start and cold running
conditions, in order to create a strong tumble current in the combustion chamber. In addition, this system optimally
controls the ignition timing and the fuel injection volume in accordance with the opening and closing of the valve. As a
result, the system improves combustion while the engine is running cold.
*1
*2
*3
*4 *5
*6 *7
*1 Tumble Control Valve *2 Actuator (DC motor)

*3 Tumble Control Valve Position Sensor *4 ECM
*5 Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor *6 Fuel Injector Assembly
*7 Ignition Coil Assembly - -
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM CONTROL FUEL PUMP CONTROL
FUNCTION
a. 2WD Models for Korea

i. In this vehicle, there are 2 types of fuel pump controls. The fuel pump is controlled to an optimum speed to match the
engine operating conditions, and the fuel pump operation is stopped when any of the Supplemental Restraint System
(SRS) airbags deploy.
ii. The ECM transmits a fuel pump operation request signal to the fuel pump control ECU assembly that corresponds to
the engine operating conditions. The fuel pump control ECU assembly receives this request signal and controls the
speed of the fuel pump. As a result, under light engine loads, fuel pump speed is kept low to reduce electric power
loss.
iii. A fuel cut control is used to stop the fuel pump when any of the SRS airbags deploys. In this control, if an airbag
deployment signal from the center airbag sensor assembly is detected by the ECM, the ECM will turn off the No. 1 EFI
main relay. As a result, the power supply to the fuel pump control ECU assembly is stopped, causing the fuel pump to
stop operating. After the fuel cut control has been activated, turning the ignition switch (engine switch*) from off to on
cancels the fuel cut control, and the engine can be restarted.
*: Models with entry and start system
Rear Floor Side Airbag

Sensors (RH and LH) Battery
No. 1 EFI
Main Relay
Center
Front Airbag Sensors Airbag
(RH and LH) Sensor
Assembly ECM
No. 2 EFI
Main Relay
CAN (V
Bus)
Side Airbag Sensors
(RH and LH)
Fuel
Pump Fuel
Control Pump
Fuel Pump ECU
Operation Assembly
Request
Rear Airbag Sensors
(RH and LH)
Except 2WD Models for Korea

i. A fuel cut control is used to stop the fuel pump when the SRS airbag is deployed at the front collision. In this system,
the airbag deployment signal from the airbag sensor is detected by the ECM, which turns off the circuit opening relay.
After the fuel cut control has been activated, turning the ignition switch (engine switch*) from off to on cancels the
fuel cut control, and the engine can be restarted.
b.
ii.
Circuit Opening Relay From

Battery
Front Airbag Center Airbag

Sensor (LH and Sensor
RH) Assembly
ECM
Fuel Pump
Motor
Curtain Shield
Airbag Sensor (RH Side Airbag Sensor CAN (V1 Bus)
and LH)* (LH and RH)*
*: Models with SRS side and curtain shield airbags
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM CONTROL COOLING FAN CONTROL
FUNCTION
a. The cooling fan control system is controlled to achieve an optimal fan speed in accordance with the
engine coolant temperature, vehicle speed, engine speed and air conditioning operating conditions.
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM CONTROL STARTER CONTROL (CRANKING HOLD
FUNCTION)
FUNCTION
a. On the models with manual transaxle, once the engine switch is pressed, this function operates
the starter until the engine starts, provided that the clutch pedal is depressed.
b. On the models with automatic transaxle, once the engine switch is pressed, this function operates
the starter until the engine starts, provided that the brake pedal is depressed and the shift lever is
in P or N. This prevents application of the starter for an inadequate length of time and also
prevents the engine from being cranked after it has started.
c. When the certification ECU detects a start signal, it monitors the engine speed signal (NE) from
the ECM and operates the starter continuously until it determines that the engine has started
completely.
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR AND HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR
CONSTRUCTION
a. The basic construction of the air fuel ratio sensor and oxygen sensor is the same. However, they are divided into the
cup type and the planar type, in accordance with the different types of heater construction that are used.
b. The planar type air fuel ratio sensor uses alumina, which excels in heat conductivity and insulation, to integrate a
sensor element with the heater, thus achieving the excellent warm-up performance of the sensor.
c. The cup type oxygen sensor contains a sensor element that surrounds the heater.
*A: *B:
*1 *5
*2 *3 *6
*1
*6
*3
*4 *5
*A Planar Type Air Fuel Ratio Sensor *B Cup Type Oxygen Sensor
*1 Alumina *2 Dilation Layer
*3 Platinum Electrode *4 Sensor Element (Zirconia)
*5 Heater *6 Atmosphere
As illustrated below, the conventional oxygen sensor is characterized by a sudden change in its output voltage at the
threshold of the stoichiometric air fuel ratio (14.7:1). In contrast, the air fuel ratio sensor data is approximately
proportionate to the existing air fuel ratio. The air fuel ratio sensor converts the oxygen density to current and sends it
to the ECM. As a result, the detection precision of the air fuel ratio has been improved. The air fuel ratio sensor data
can be viewed using a Global TechStream (GTS).
d.
Oxygen Sensor
Air Fuel Ratio Sensor
(V) (V)
4.2 1
Air Fuel Ratio Sensor Oxygen Sensor

Output* (Data Displayed Output
on Global TechStream
(GTS))
2.2 0.1
11 (Rich) 14.7 19 (Lean)

Air Fuel Ratio
*: This value is calculated internally in the ECM and is not an ECM terminal voltage.
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS INTAKE MASS AIR FLOW METER
CONSTRUCTION
a. The compact and lightweight intake mass air flow meter sub-assembly, which is a plug-in type, allows a portion of the
intake air to flow through the detection area. By directly measuring the mass and the flow rate of the intake air,
detection precision is ensured and intake air resistance is reduced.
b. This intake mass air flow meter sub-assembly has a built-in intake air temperature sensor.
*a
*3
*1
*2
*1 Hot-wire Element *2 Temperature Sensing Element

*3 Intake Air Temperature Sensor - -
*a A - A Cross Section - -
Air Flow - -
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR AND CAMSHAFT POSITION
SENSOR
CONSTRUCTION
a. A pick-up coil type crank position sensor is used. The timing rotor of the crankshaft consists of 34 teeth with 2 teeth
missing. The crank position sensor outputs the crankshaft rotation signals every 10°, and the missing teeth are used to
determine the top dead center.
b. The Magnetic Resistance Element (MRE) type intake and exhaust camshaft position sensors are used. To detect the
camshaft position, each timing rotor on the intake and exhaust camshafts is used to generate 3 (3 high output, 3 low
output) pulses for every 2 revolutions of the crankshaft.
*4
*3
*1
*2 *2
*2
*1 Crank Position Sensor *2 Timing Rotor

*3 Camshaft Position Sensor (Exhaust) *4 Camshaft Position Sensor (Intake)
Sensor Output Waveform
720° CA
180° CA 180° CA 180° CA
Camshaft 5V
Position Sensor
(Intake)
0V
360° CA 360° CA
Crank Position
Sensor 0V
2 Teeth Missing
c. The MRE type camshaft position sensor consists of an MRE, a magnet and a sensor. The direction of the magnetic field
changes due to the profile (protruding and non-protruding portions) of the timing rotor, which passes by the sensor. As
a result, the resistance of the MRE changes, and the output voltage to the ECM changes to high or low. The ECM
detects the camshaft position based on this output voltage.
d. The differences between the MRE type camshaft position sensor and the pick-up coil camshaft position sensor used on
the conventional model are as follows:
Sensor Type
Item
MRE Pick-up Coil
Constant digital output starts from low Analog output changes with the engine
Signal Output
engine speeds. speed.
Detection is made by comparing the NE
signals with the high/low output switch Detection is made by comparing the NE
Camshaft Position timing due to the protruded/non- signals with the change of waveform that
Detection protruded portions of the timing rotor, or is output when the protruded portion of
made based on the number of the input the timing rotor passes.
NE signals during high/low outputs.
VCV1
ECM
VV1+
Camshaft
Position Sensor VV1-
Timing Rotor (Intake)
Engine No Detection
Engine
Speed Speed
Analog
Digital Output
Output
Sensor
Output
Sensor
Output
No Detection
MRE Type Pick-up Coil Type
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS ACCELERATOR PEDAL SENSOR
CONSTRUCTION
a. The non-contact type accelerator pedal sensor assembly uses a Hall IC.
b. The magnetic yoke mounted at the accelerator pedal arm rotates around the Hall IC in accordance with the amount of
effort applied to the accelerator pedal. The Hall IC converts the changes in the magnetic flux into electrical signals, and
outputs them as accelerator pedal effort to the ECM.
c. The Hall IC contains circuits for the main and sub signals. The Hall IC converts the accelerator pedal depressed angles
into electric signals with 2 differing characteristics and outputs them to the ECM.
Hall IC Magnet
VPA
Hall IC
EPA
VCPA
ECM
VPA2
Hall IC
EPA2
Magnetic Yoke VCP2

Magnetic Yoke
Accelerator Pedal Arm

(V)
5
VPA2
Output
Voltage VPA1
Fully Closed Accelerator Pedal Position (Angle) Fully Open
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR
CONSTRUCTION
a. The throttle position sensor is mounted on the throttle body assembly to detect the opening angle of the throttle valve.
The throttle position sensor converts the magnetic flux density that changes when the magnetic yoke (located on the
same axis as the throttle shaft) rotates around the Hall IC into electric signals to operate the throttle control motor.
Throttle Position
Throttle Body Sensor Portion
Assembly Magnetic
Yoke
Hall IC
Cross Section
Hall
Magnetic Yoke IC
(V)
VTA1
ETA
Output
ECM Voltage
VCTA
VTA2
0
Fully Closed Fully Open
Hall
IC
Throttle Position Sensor Throttle Valve Opening Angle (°)
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS TUMBLE CONTROL VALVE POSITION SENSOR
CONSTRUCTION
a. The non-contact type tumble control valve position sensor uses a Hall IC. It detects the tumble control valve opening
angle.
b. The sensor converts the magnetic flux density that changes when the magnetic yoke (located on the same axis as the
tumble control valve shaft) rotates around the Hall IC into electric signals and sends them to the ECM.
Actuator
Output
Voltage
(V)
Hall IC
Magnetic Yoke Fully Closed Fully Open
Tumble Control Valve Opening Angle
System Diagram
Magnetic Yoke
Magnet
VCIA
ECM
IAC1
Hall IC
EIA1
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS KNOCK CONTROL SENSOR
CONSTRUCTION
a. In a conventional knock control sensor (resonant type), a vibration plate is built into the sensor. This plate has the same
resonance point as the knocking* frequency of the engine block. This sensor can only detect vibrations in this frequency band.
HINT:
*: The term "knock" or "knocking" is used in this case to describe either preignition or detonation of the air fuel mixture in
the combustion chamber. This preignition or detonation refers to the air fuel mixture being ignited earlier than is
advantageous. This use of "knock" or "knocking" is not primarily used to refer to a loud mechanical noise that may be
produced by an engine.
b. A flat type knock control sensor (non-resonant type) has the ability to detect vibrations in a wider frequency band (from
approximately 5 kHz to 15 kHz). The sensor has the following features:
· The engine knocking frequency will vary slightly depending on the engine speed. The flat type knock control sensor
can detect vibrations even when the engine knocking frequency changes. Due to the use of the flat type knock control
sensor, the vibration detection ability has been increased compared to a conventional type knock control sensor, and
more precise ignition timing control is possible.
Characteristics of Knock Control Sensor
(V)
Detection Band of Resonant Type
*1
Voltage
Detection Band of Flat Type
*2
Frequency (Hz)
*1: Resonance characteristic of conventional type (resonant)
*2: Resonance characteristic of flat type (non-resonant)
c. A flat type knock control sensor is installed in an engine by placing it over the stud bolt installed on the cylinder block. For this
reason, a hole for the stud bolt exists in the center of the sensor.
d. In the sensor, a steel weight is located in the upper portion. An insulator is located between the weight and the piezoelectric
element.
An open/short circuit detection resistor is integrated in the sensor. When the ignition switch (engine switch*) is on (IG), the
open/short circuit detection resistor in the knock control sensor and the resistor in the ECM keep the voltage at terminal KNK1
constant. An Integrated Circuit (IC) in the ECM constantly monitors the voltage of terminal KNK1. If the open/short circuit
occurs between the knock control sensor and the ECM, the voltage of terminal KNK1 will change and the ECM will detect the
open/short circuit and store a Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC).
e.
Piezoelectric
Steel Weight Element
Vibration Plate
Open/Short Circuit
Insulator Detection Resistor
Piezoelectric Element
Flat Type (Non-resonant Type) Conventional Type (Resonant Type)
Piezoelectric Element
ECM
Open Circuit Detection 5V

Resistor
200 kΩ
KNK1 IC
200 kΩ
EKNK
Flat Type Knock Control Sensor
f. Vibrations caused by knocking are transmitted to the steel weight. The inertia of this weight applies pressure to the
piezoelectric element. This action generates electromotive force.
*1
*a
*2
*1 Steel Weight *2 Piezoelectric Element

*a Inertia - -
To prevent water accumulation in the connecter, make sure to install the flat type knock control sensor in the position shown
in the following illustration:
g.
7°
10°
*1
*1 Knock Control Sensor - -
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS SPARK PLUG
CONSTRUCTION
a. Long-reach type iridium-tipped spark plugs are used to improve ignition performance while maintaining the same
durability as platinum-tipped spark plugs.
*3
*4
*1 *2
*1 Long-reach Type Spark Plug *2 Conventional Type Spark Plug

*3 Iridium Tip *4 Platinum Tip
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS THROTTLE CONTROL MOTOR
CONSTRUCTION
a. A DC motor with excellent response and minimal power consumption is used for the throttle control motor. The ECM
performs the duty cycle control of the direction and the amperage of the current that flows to the throttle control motor
in order to regulate the opening of the throttle valve.
*1
*2
*1 Throttle Body Assembly *2 Throttle Control Motor
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE
CONSTRUCTION
a. This camshaft timing oil control valve assembly controls the spool valve using duty-cycle control from the ECM. This
allows hydraulic pressure to be applied to the VVT-i controller advanced or retarded side. When the engine is stopped,
the camshaft timing oil control valve assembly (intake) is in the most retarded position, and camshaft timing oil control
valve assembly (exhaust) is in the most advanced position.
*a (*e) *b (*e)
*1
*2
*c *c *3
*d
*1 Sleeve *2 Spring
*3 Spool Valve - -
*a To VVT-i Controller (Advanced Side) *b To VVT-i Controller (Retarded Side)
*c Drain *d Oil Pressure
On the exhaust side camshaft timing oil control
*e valve assembly, the advance and retard sides - -
are reversed.
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS ELECTRONIC THROTTLE CONTROL SYSTEM-intelligent (ETCS-
i) CONTROL
OPERATION
a. The ECM drives the throttle control motor by determining the target throttle valve opening in accordance with the
respective operating condition.
b. The ECM controls the throttle to an optimal throttle valve opening that is appropriate for driving conditions such as the
amount of the accelerator pedal effort and the engine speed in order to achieve excellent throttle control and comfort
in all operating ranges.
Control Examples during Acceleration and Deceleration
: With control
: Without control
Vehicle's
Longitudinal G
Throttle Valve
Opening Angle
Accelerator Pedal
Depressed Angle
0
Time
c. The ECM controls the throttle valve in order to constantly maintain an ideal idle speed.
d. As part of the TRC system, the throttle valve is closed by a request signal from the skid control ECU if an excessive
amount of slippage is created at a driving wheel, thus facilitating the vehicle in ensuring stability and driving force.*
*: Models with TRC
e. In order to bring the effectiveness of the VSC system control into full play, the throttle valve opening angle is
controlled by effecting a coordination control with the skid control ECU.*
*: Models with TRC
f. The integrated cruise control ECU of the ECM directly actuates the throttle valve for operation of the cruise control.*
*: Models with cruise control system
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS DUAL VVT-i CONTROL
OPERATION
a. Using the engine speed, intake air mass, throttle position and engine coolant temperature, the ECM can calculate
optimal valve timing for each driving condition (target valve timing). The ECM uses this calculated timing to control the
camshaft timing oil control valve assemblies. In addition, the ECM uses signals from the camshaft position sensors and
the crank position sensor to detect the actual valve timing, thus providing feedback control to achieve the target valve
timing.
ECM Duty Cycle Control
Intake Mass Air Flow Meter Camshaft Timing Oil Control

Sub-assembly Valve Assembly (Intake)
Target Valve Timing
Throttle Position Sensor

Valve Assembly (Exhaust)
Crank Position Sensor
Vehicle Speed Signal

Duty Cycle Control
Correction
Engine Coolant
Temperature Sensor

(Intake) Actual Valve Timing

(Exhaust)
When the camshaft timing oil control valve assembly is positioned as illustrated below by the advance signals from the
ECM, the resultant oil pressure is applied to the timing advance side vane chamber to rotate the camshaft in the timing
advance direction:
b.
*a
*c
*2
*1
*d
*e *f
*b
*c
*2
*1
*d
*f *e
*1 Vane *2 ECM
*a Intake Side *b Exhaust Side
*c Rotation Direction *d Oil Pressure
*e In *f Drain
When the camshaft timing oil control valve assembly is positioned as illustrated below by the retard signals from the
ECM, the resultant oil pressure is applied to the timing retard side vane chamber to rotate the camshaft in the timing
retard direction:
c.
*a *c
*1
*d
*e *f
*b
*c
*2
*1
*d
*f *e
*1 Vane *2 ECM
*a Intake Side *b Exhaust Side
*c Rotation Direction *d Oil Pressure
*e Drain *f In
d. After reaching the target timing, the valve timing is held by keeping the camshaft timing oil control valve assembly in
the neutral position unless the traveling state changes. This adjusts the valve timing at the desired target position and
prevents the engine oil from running out.
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS ACOUSTIC CONTROL INDUCTION SYSTEM (ACIS) CONTROL
OPERATION
a. When Intake Air Control Valve Closed (VSV On)

i. The ECM activates the VSV to match the longer pulsation cycle so that the negative pressure acts on the diaphragm
chamber of the actuator. This closes the intake air control valve. As a result, the effective length of the intake manifold
is increased and the intake efficiency in the medium speed range is improved due to the dynamic effect of the intake
air, thereby increasing the power output.
Open
VSV On
Throttle
Valve
Closed
Low High
Engine Speed
: Effective intake manifold
length
b. When Intake Air Control Valve Open (VSV Off)

i. The ECM deactivates the VSV to match the shorter pulsation cycle so that atmospheric air is led into the diaphragm
chamber of the actuator and opens the intake air control valve. When the intake air control valve is open, the effective
length of the intake air chamber is shortened and peak intake efficiency is shifted to the low-to-high engine speed
range, thus providing greater output at low-to-high engine speeds.
Open
Throttle
Valve
VSV Off
Closed
Low High
: Effective intake manifold length Engine Speed
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS TUMBLE CONTROL
OPERATION
a. Engine Running Cold

i. To improve combustion, the ECM operates the actuator to fully close the tumble control valve,
in order to create a strong tumble current in the combustion chamber. This enables the engine
to operate at a lean air-fuel ratio immediately after a cold start.
ii. Based on the signals from various sensors, the ECM retards the ignition timing in order to
reduce the amount of unburned gas and promote the warming up of the TWC. In addition, the
ECM optimizes the fuel injection volume.
iii. The vacuum pressure created downstream of the valve promotes the atomization of the fuel
and prevents the fuel from adhering to the ports.
iv. These measures help reduce exhaust gas emissions while the engine is running cold.
b. Engine Warmed Up
i. The ECM operates the actuator to fully open the tumble control valve. When the valve is fully
open, the passage has minimal intake resistance in order to improve engine performance.
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS COOLING FAN CONTROL
OPERATION
a. The ECM activates the cooling fan relay to control the cooling fan in accordance with the engine
coolant temperature, air conditioning condition, engine speed and vehicle speed.
The cooling fan speeds are controlled in 2 stages: low speed (series connection) and high speed
(parallel connection).
b.
Low Speed (Series Connection) IG +B
No. 3 Cooling
Fan Relay
Engine Coolant Temperature No. 2 Cooling

Fan Motor No. 1
Fan R
ECM
Engine Speed No. 2 Cooling
Fan Relay
Vehicle Speed
CAN (V Bus)
No. 1 Cooling
Air Conditioning Fan Motor
Amplifier Assembly
High Speed (Parallel Connection) IG +B
No. 3 Cooling
Fan Relay
Engine Coolant Temperature No. 2 Cooling

Fan Motor No. 1
Fan R
ECM No. 2 Cooling

Engine Speed
Fan Relay
Vehicle Speed
Air Conditioning No. 1 Cooling

Amplifier Assembly Fan Motor
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM DETAILS STARTER CONTROL (CRANKING HOLD
FUNCTION)
OPERATION
a. When the driver pushes the engine switch once and the certification ECU (smart key ECU
assembly) detects a start signal, the certification ECU (smart key ECU assembly) outputs ACCD
and STAR signals and begins cranking. Also, the driver can continue cranking for up to 30 seconds
by pushing and holding the engine switch.
b. If the engine speed reaches approximately 500 rpm, the ECM will judge that the engine has
started and will send a signal to the certification ECU (smart key ECU assembly) using CAN
communication. The certification ECU (smart key ECU assembly) will then stop the operation of the
starter.
c. If CAN communication is cut between the certification ECU (smart key ECU assembly) and the
ECM, the certification ECU (smart key ECU assembly) will receive an engine speed signal (NE)
directly from the ECM and will stop the operation of the starter.
d. This system cuts off the power current which activates the accessories while the engine is being
cranked. This prevents the intermittent blinking of the accessory lights caused by the voltage
instability that occurs during engine cranking.
This system has the following protections:

· The starter does not operate when the engine is operating normally.
· If the engine switch is pushed and held, cranking will stop once the engine speed reaches a
pre-determined level. This prevents the starter from over-revving.
· If the engine does not start even after approximately 6 seconds of starter operation, the
certification ECU (smart key ECU assembly) will cancel the starter relay output.
Furthermore, if the engine does not start after the engine switch has been pushed and held
and cranking has continued for 30 seconds, cranking will be canceled in order to protect
the starter.
· It will not be possible to operate the starter for 2 seconds after engine starting has failed
and cranking has been canceled. This helps to protect the starter.
SSW
CAN (V Bus)
e. Engine Switch ECM
NE
ACCD
STAR
Clutch Start
Switch
ACC Relay Assembly*1 or
Park/Neutral Certif
Position Switch (Sma
Assembly*2 Assem
STA
Starter
Starter Assembly Relay
Assembly
STP
*1: Models with manual transaxle

Stop Light Signal
On
Starter Signal
Off
On
Starter Relay
Off
On
Accessory Power
Off
Success
of Engin
Engine Speed Signal (NE)

Failed S
of Engin
ECM determines that the engine has started successfully

when the engine speed is approximately 500 rpm.
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE FUEL FUEL SYSTEM GENERAL GENERAL
OUTLINE
a. A fuel returnless system is used to reduce evaporative emissions.
b. A fuel cut control is used to stop the fuel pump when the any of the Supplemental Restraint
System (SRS) airbags are deployed.
c. A quick connector is used to connect the fuel pipe with the fuel hose for excellent serviceability.
d. A compact fuel pump in which the fuel filter, fuel pressure regulator assembly and charcoal
canister* are all integrated into the fuel suction with pump tube assembly is used.
*: Except models for Korea
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE FUEL FUEL SYSTEM GENERAL PARTS LOCATION
*1
*2
*6
*5
*4 *4
*3 *4
*1 Purge VSV *2 Fuel Delivery Pipe

*3 Fuel Injector Assembly *4 Quick Connector
Fuel Suction with Pump Tube Assembly
*5 Fuel Tank Assembly *6 · Fuel Filter
· Fuel Pump
Print Preview Exit
2AR-FE FUEL FUEL SYSTEM CONTROL FUEL RETURNLESS CONTROL
FUNCTION
a. This system is used to reduce evaporative emissions. As shown below, by integrating the fuel filter, fuel pressure
regulator assembly and charcoal canister* with fuel suction with pump tube assembly, it is possible to discontinue the
return of fuel from the engine area and prevent temperature rise inside the fuel tank assembly.
*: Except Models for Korea
*1 *9
*8
*2 *6 (*A) *7
*3
*4
*5
*A Except Models for Korea - -

*1 Fuel Pressure Pulsation Damper Assembly *2 Fuel Pressure Regulator Assembly
*3 Fuel Filter *4 Fuel Pump
*5 Fuel Suction with Pump Tube Assembly *6 Charcoal Canister
*7 Fuel Tank Assembly *8 Fuel Injector Assembly
*9 Fuel Delivery Pipe - -

Material Curso Rav4 SENATI (001-050)

Încărcat de

Informații document

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Material Curso Rav4 SENATI (001-050)

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

RAV4

New car feature

Print Preview Exit

2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM GENERAL GENERAL

ii. Electronic Spark Advance (ESA)

iii. Electronic Throttle Control System-intelligent (ETCS-i)

iv. Dual Variable Valve Timing-intelligent (Dual VVT-i)

v. Acoustic Control Induction System (ACIS)

vi. Tumble Control*1

vii. Fuel Pump Control

viii. Air Conditioning Cut-off Control

ix. Cooling Fan Control

x. Starter Control (Cranking Hold Function)*2

xii. Engine Immobiliser

xiii. Brake Override System

© 2012 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION. All Rights Reserved.

Print Preview Exit

2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM GENERAL SYSTEM DIAGRAM

Crank Position Sensor SFI

Fuel Injector Assemblies

Camshaft Position Sensor

Ignition Coil Assemblies

Intake Air Temperature Sensor

Air Fuel Ratio Sensor (Bank 1,

Throttle Control Motor

Accelerator Pedal Sensor Assembly

Throttle Position Sensor DUAL VVT-i

Camshaft Timing Oil Control

Camshaft Timing Oil Control

Tumble Control Valve Position ACIS

Duty Vacuum Switching Valve

Transponder Key Amplifier Assembly*2

Certification ECU (Smart Key ECU

Fuel Pump Control*9

Park/Neutral Position Switch Circuit Opening Relay

Clutch Switch Assembly*7

Fuel Pump Control*10

Fuel Pump Control ECU

Stop Light Switch Assembly Fuel Pump

Ignition Switch*1 Cooling Fan Control

No. 1 Cooling Fan Relay

No. 2 Cooling Fan Relay

EFI Main Relay

Electric Load Signals

Air Fuel Ratio Sensor and Oxygen

Air Fuel Ratio Sensor Heater

Battery Oxygen Sensor Heater

DLC3 Stater Control*5

Certification ECU (Smart Key

Skid Control ECU

Center Airbag Sensor Assembly

4WD ECU Assembly*1

Vehicle Speed Signal

*1: 4WD/AWD models *4: 4WD/AWD models with manual transaxle

*3: Models with automatic transaxle

© 2012 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION. All Rights Reserved.

Print Preview Exit

2AR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SFI SYSTEM GENERAL PARTS LOCATION

*13 (*D) *18

*A RHD Models *B LHD Models

*3 Accelerator Pedal Sensor Assembly *4 Oxygen Sensor (Bank 1, Sensor 2)

Camshaft Timing Oil Control Valve Assembly

*15 Camshaft Position Sensor (Intake) *16 Ignition Coil Assembly

1: 4WD/AWD models 4: 4WD/AWD models with manual transaxle

13 (D) *18

A RHD Models B LHD Models

3 Accelerator Pedal Sensor Assembly 4 Oxygen Sensor (Bank 1, Sensor 2)

15 Camshaft Position Sensor (Intake) 16 Ignition Coil Assembly

1 Crank Position Sensor 2 ECM

1 Tumble Control Valve 2 Actuator (DC motor)

1 Hot-wire Element 2 Temperature Sensing Element

1 Crank Position Sensor 2 Timing Rotor