SAFETY PRECAUTION WITH ACCIDENT RECOGNITION

SYSTEM
ABHILASH KRISHNAN G, AKSHAY SANKAR K, CHIRANJAN NAYAK K, SUDESH M, VIII SEMESTER, SaIT

PROF.PADMASHREE S, ASST.PROFESSOR, SaIT

DEPARTMENT OF ECE, SAMBHRAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MS PALYA, BANGALORE-560097

Abstract: In India, road accidents are increasing for every passing minute, in particular two wheeler accidents tops the list.
The main concern of our project is to enforce the biker to wear the helmet throughout, as most of accidents are caused
mainly because of common negligence by not wearing the helmet and due to drink and drive, Many deaths occur due to lack
of proper medical attention provided to the injured person and this provided the motivation for the project, Safety Precaution
with Accident Recognition (SPAR) system. This system aims at providing safety to the rider by making it compulsory to
wear helmet and ensuring that he is not drunk. This project includes two main units such as a helmet body and vehicle unit in
which the helmet body comprises integrated electronic system disposed in it. It is operated through a wireless control system
to the vehicle unit. The components of the electronic system are sufficiently small and rugged for use in the helmet, ensuring
that the helmet is lightweight and durable. However, components spaced about the helmet are to provide even weight
distribution to provide equal balance and safety. Another module of this project is accident detection module which will be
installed on the bike, which detects accident and notify the authorized person as well as nearest ambulance along with the
location using GSM and GPS modules.

1. INTRODUCTION

The accident rates are increasing exponentially day meet with an accident, immediate aid is provided to
by day. The most affected ones are two wheelers as the rider by informing to the nearest ambulance and
they have less safety compared to that of four family members using GSM module which will
wheelers. There are many reasons for accidents and send a message saying the person has met with
some of the reasons are rash driving, no proper accident along with the location details which will
knowledge about riding, drink and drive etc. If the help the family members and ambulance to reach
mentioned reasons are reason for accident, some of the accident site immediately.
the reason for death at the time of accident are not
wearing helmet at the time of accident, no proper 2. DETAILS EXPERIMENTAL
aid is provided at the time of accident. To
overcome these problems, a solution has been 2.1 Block diagram
formulated in this paper titled ‘SPAR” abbreviated
as “Safety Precaution with Accident Recognition
System”. This system aims at providing safety to
the person riding the bike by making it compulsory
to wear helmet as safety to head plays a very
crucial role in saving one’s life and along with this
the rider should not be drunk while riding the bike.
Only if these two conditions are satisfied the
vehicle will turn ON.As we know accidents cannot
be prevented they can only be controlled by Figure 1: Helmet unit
following precautionary measures. Even after
following all the precautionary measures such as
wearing helmet and not being drunk, if the rider

Figure 2: Vehicle unit
2.2 Methodology
The block diagram consists of two parts. One part
is to be implemented in the helmet and consists of
transmitter and the other in the bike which consists
of controlling unit. Helmet module will have
sensors to detect helmet and alcohol content. IR
module will be used to detect the helmet’s
presence. The IR transmitter and receiver
continuously exchanges information in the absence
of person. If the person wears the helmet, then the
communication between IR transmitter and
receiver breaks. This breakage signal will be sent to
RF transmitter via buffer, driver and relay unit.
Alcohol sensor will be used to sense whether the
person has consumed alcohol or not. If the person
is found to have consumed alcohol, it will be
detected by the sensor and the corresponding
sensed signal will be sent to RF transmitter via
buffer, driver and relay unit. The RF transmitter at
helmet unit sends the information regarding helmet
and alcohol detection. The vehicle module will be
equipped with RF receiver to receive information
regarding helmet and alcohol.
If it is ensured that the rider is wearing the helmet
and not drunk, then that signal from the RF receiver
is transmitted through buffer, driver and relay unit
in order to start the vehicle by activating DC motor.
The activation of DC motor depends upon the
conditions as stated below
• If the rider is found wearing helmet and not drunk
then the DC motor will TURN ON.
• If the rider is wearing the helmet .But, found
alcoholic then the DC motor will not TURN ON
which prevents the vehicle from starting up.
•If the rider is found not wearing the helmet then
the vehicle will not start.
Accident sensors at vehicle unit is used to detect
the accidents. If an accident takes place, it will be
detected by the sensors and the sensed signal will
be digitized by mono stable multi vibrator. This
digitized signal is analysed by the microcontroller
and further steps are taken based on the severity of
the accident .In case fatal accidents, we have
chosen GSM technology to give the information by
sending SMS to both the family members and to
the nearest ambulance. Sending SMS alone can’t
help the driver, as he will be unaware of the exact
location. So to trace out the exact location, we use
GPS module which gives information to
microcontroller. It then sends the SMS which
contains the latitude and longitude of the area to the
concerned mobile number. For this we use GPS
module to extract the location of the accident, the
GPS data contains the latitude and longitude values
using which we can find the accurate position of
the accident place. The mobile detector is used to
detect the mobile ring while riding. If a person gets
a call while riding, it will be detected by the mobile
detector. Sensed signal will be digitized via mono
stable multi vibrator. Multi vibrator sends that
signal to interfacing stage for switching purpose.
This detected signal will reduce the speed of the
vehicle via interfacing stage.
3. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE
SCOPE
This project aims at providing safety to the rider by
ensuring that he is wearing helmet and he is not
drunk. Only if these two conditions are satisfied the
vehicle will turn ON. By employing this system it
indirectly forces the rider to follow the traffic rules
which in turn provides better safety for the two
wheeler. The overall aim of this paper is to provide
better safety to the two wheeler rider and to reduce
two wheeler accidents. By implementing this paper
the death rates due to accident can be reduced as
immediate aid is provided to the rider if he has met
with accident. Implementation of this project will
lead to reduction in violation of traffic rules and
safety of two wheeler riders.
The future scope of this project is as follows:
1. Government can enforce laws to install
such systems in all the two wheelers.
2. GPS voice navigation.
3. A GPS module to get the location of the
bike in case it is lost and can also be used by the
police to catch offenders. This can be implemented
by assigning each GPS module by unique number
that can be the registration number of the bike. We
can create an app in which we can enter the bike
registration number and we can track the bike.
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2. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONICS AND SYSTEM
ENGINEERING, At KUALA LUMPUR, Volume:
978-1-4799-3178-1/13/.Smart Helmet with Sensors
for Accident Prevention
MohdKhairulAfiqMohdRasli, Nina KorlinaMadzhi,