Passive voice merupakan ungkapan kalimat pasif dalam tatanan bahasa inggris.

Dalam bentuk
pasif subjek yang dikenai pekerjaan sedangkan dalam bentuk aktif subjeklah yang melakukan
perbuatan. Dalam membentuk kalimat pasif yang harus kita lakukan adalah mengubah to be dan
mengganti kata kerja ke dalam bentuk ketiga/V3. Berikut ini contoh dari penggunaan passive
voice dengan merubah kalimat aktifnya.

Contoh passive voice

 Nanik borrow my pen (aktif)

 My pen is borrowed by Nanik (pasif) / pena saya dipinjam oleh nanik

 Lilik is watching my video (aktif)

 My video is being watched by Lilik (pasif) / video saya sedang ditonton oleh lilik

Ada beberapa bentuk umum yang sering digunakan dalam membentuk passive voice. Yang
membedakan adalah waktu berlangsungnya kejadian yang diterangkan, sudah terjadi, sedang
terjadi atau akan terjadi. Beberapa diantaranya yang sering digunakan adalah sebagai berikut:
No. Struktur Maksud…
1. S + is/am/are/was/were + V3 di [...]
2. S + is/am/are/was/were + being + V3 sedang [...]
3. S + has/have/had + been + V3 telah di [...]
4. S + will/shall/can/may/must, etc + V3 akan/dapat/mungkin/pasti di [...]

Yang paling penting di ingat sebelum kita mencoba membuat passive voice dan kalimat
ungkapan lainnya (dalam bahasa inggris) adalah penggunaan to be pada subjek.
I (am/was, have/had) / khusus
He, she, it ( is/was, has/had) /tunggal
They, we, you (are/were, have/had) / jamak

Berikutnya kita akan mempelajari bagaimana rumus passive voice. Setidaknya ada 12 rumus
yang akan kita hapal. Namun jika kita sudah menguasai tenses 16 dan rumusan struktur di atas
saya rasa menghapal rumus passive voice ini tidak akan begitu sulit untuk dihapalkan.

Rumus Passive Voice Present

Present Aktif Pasif

S + is/am/are + V3 The book is bought by
Simple S + V1 + O Nanik buys the book
Nanik
S + is/am/are + Ving Nanik is S + is/am/are + being + V3 The book is
Continous
buying the book being bought by Nanik
Perfect S + has/have + V3 Nanik has bought S + have/has + been + v3 The book has been
 book bought by Nanik
Perfect S + has/have + been + Ving Nanik S + have/has + been + being + v3 The book
continous has been buying the book has been being bought by Nanik

Rumus Passive Voice Past

Past Aktif Pasif

S + was/were + V3 The book was bought by
Simple S + V2 + O Nanik bought the book
Nanik
S + was/were + Ving Nanik was S + was/were + being + V3 The book was
Continous
buying the book being bought by Nanik
S + had + V3 Nanik had bought S + had + been + v3 The book had been
Perfect
book bought by Nanik
Perfect S + had + been + Ving Nanik had S + had + been + being + v3 The book had
continous been buying the book been being bought by Nanik

Rumus Passive Voice Past

Future Aktif Pasif

S + will + V1 + O Nanik will buy S + will + be + V3 The book will be bought
Simple
the book by Nanik
S + will + be + Ving Nanik will be S + will + be + being + V3 The book will be
Continous
buying the book being bought by Nanik
S + will + have + V3 Nanik will S + will + have + been + v3 The book will
Perfect
have bought book have been bought by Nanik
Perfect S + will + have + been + Ving Nanik S + will + have + been + being + v3 The
continous will have been buying the book book will have been being bought by Nanik