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Rationale
Introduction
The school is one of the best ways of having an access to education. Education
is essential to an individual to prepare him or her for the desirable job in the future.
Although, not all the jobs that are available require education. However, most of the
available jobs in the society involve skills. Some jobs require higher cognitive thinking
especially to those engineering and scientific fields. At the present time, the nation’s
economy is dependent to the labor force that a nation could possess. It should be
understood that the government is functional if private sectors pay their taxes. The
taxes will be collected for the government to use. Before an individual will pursue the
job, the individual should have education. Education will prepare the individual. Also, the
school offers the opportunity of education. Hence the quality of education should be a
priority. There is several known school here in Cebu that can produce a prepared
graduates. Although, there are still schools that cannot maintain the standards that will
help to improve further. In Concord Technical Institute Inc. there are several problems
that can obstruct the abilities of the students. The school should obtain the supremacy
level or at least, have an average level of progress. Also, the school, the Concord
individual. The ethics, human development, quality of education, and modern facilities
the necessary things to make it progressive. Although, at the present time, Concord
Technical Institute Inc. has the problem in ethics, education, facilities and the human
ethics can be also called as moral philosophy which is greatly affected by the two main
sections of ethics, the right and wrong. The ethics is mainly comprised of the methods
like arrangement and securing the right and wrong morality. It is also stated the other
branches that ethics may involve is the moral psychology. At school, the students and
teachers must have a more precise basis for the agreement of the both parties. The
student may feel ashamed if he or she expresses his or her thoughts not really to
overpower the authority but only to seek reaction regarding to their observations. The
teachers also, may react doubtful at the administration if their effort is not rational with
their salaries. The teachers that are not specialist to their handled subjects cannot be at
their best if their salary cannot sustain their appetite to serve well. Meanwhile, the
administration cannot possibly serve their administered clients and teachers if they
found that they actually demanded to create facilities and other necessities that cannot
be work if their budget is lacking. Due to this problem, the ethics is the best basis for the
improvement of the response of every individual at school. That is the problem of the
Concord Technical Institute Inc. The students, the teacher, and the administrator cannot
work well because the demand cannot be supported easily. However, the students at
the specified school are mostly diligent. Although, there are some circumstances that
the students cannot behave in a proper accordance because of their inability to do so.
Also, there are also problems that are in relation of facilities. The facilities are great
factors of boosting the skills and knowledge of the students. The facility is the place that
the students will simulate themselves to do some activities that is also specified in what
field that individual is practicing for. In order to achieve such availability of the facilities,
the expenditure is needed. Also, LED televisions are only available at the senior high
building. The paraphernalia for every facility is also lacking. In the computer laboratory,
some of the units are not functional. It cannot also support the entire population of a
single section because of the incapacities of some of its units. Meanwhile, the
researcher conduct a pre-conduct survey that contains the question which involves the
question that is constructed like this “What are the necessary improvements that the
CTI Inc. should have?” The following question contains 10 options. The stated options
are the following, the facilities for maritime students, the facilities for junior high
students, the facilities for senior high students, the teaching methods only, the clubs for
extra-curricular activities, the buildings, and the air conditioning units inside the
buildings. The remaining two options are stated in this way “All of the above” and “If
your answer is not stated above, please specify”. Those last two options are for the
respondents who are the answers are possibly all of the stated options and the second
one are for those respondents whose answers are needed for clarification or
specification that their answer/s are not stated before the rest of the options. The first
The data emphasize the problems that the CTI Inc. has. The data are about of
improvements of the school that the respondents observed. The highest respondents’
answer is the “all of the above” option. This selected answer proves that most of the
respondents want the overall improvements of the school given that the researcher’s
options are present. This answer covers the 42.307% of the summation of the answers.
The second highest among the 10 comparative elements are equivalent of 8 out of 26
respondents’ selected answer. This option is about the improvement of the facilities of
the junior high students. The percentage of the stated data is equivalent to 30.769% out
of the summation of the respondents’ answers. The third highest among of the 10
third highest order. The first option is about the improvements of the facilities of the
the respondents’ answers. The second option that belongs to the third highest order is
about the facilities of the maritime students. The fourth highest among the 10
answers. The option is about improvements of the clubs in school and extra-curricular
activities. The data has a percentage of 11.538% out of the summation of the
respondents’ answers. There are two options that are belong to the fifth highest among
answers. The first option is about of the improvements of the teaching methods of the
teachers. It has the percentage that is equivalent of 7.692% out of the summation of the
respondents’ answer. The second option is about the improvements of the air
conditioning units of the school. The sixth highest among the 10 comparative elements
is equivalent to 1 out of 26 of the total respondents’ answers. There are two options that
have the same value and included in the sixth highest order. The first option is the
improvements of the buildings. The second option is about the improvement of the
the respondents. The remaining option that needs specification is not answered
therefore the total value is zero. The improvements that are necessary are supported
not only the researcher’s observation but also from the respondents. The respondents
are the students of Concord Technical Institute Inc. Because of the findings from the
survey, the needs of facilities for maritime students, junior high students, and senior
high students are also essential for the progress of the school. The teaching methods,
the clubs for extra-curricular activities, the buildings, the air conditioning units, and the
basketball court are those that are necessary to improve. Most of the respondents
choose the option “all of the above” and the interpretation is respondents need a full
access to adopt the new age of acquiring knowledge as the 21st century learner.
Chapter 2
Theoretical Background
and the term “utilitarianism” was coined by John Stuart Mill. In the reference of
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Introduction_to_the_Principles_of_Morals_and_Legislat
ion, Jeremy Bentham was the first person who defends and constructed the main idea
of utilitarianism. The book was originally printed in the year of 1780 and was published
consequentialism is the part of ethics that deals with the appropriate action, to act and
to choose whatever the right and bad conduct in order to achieve the desired situation
for a better life. The consequentialism greatly focuses on the probabilities of futuristic
circumstances that were affected by the past activities that the individual acted.
Therefore, the utilitarianism is an overall perspective for its establishment for mankind to
his thought as follow “Nature has placed mankind under the governance of two
sovereign masters, pain and pleasure. It is for them alone to point out what we ought to
do… By the principle of utility is meant that principle which approves or disapproves of
diminish the happiness of the party whose interest is in question: or, what is the same
thing in other words to promote or to oppose that happiness. I say of every action
whatsoever, and therefore not only of every action of a private individual, but of every
measure of government.” The summation of this thought was the formulation of an idea
of granting the massive pleasure as the utility to circumvent the adversities brought by
pains in the greater number of people in a certain social system or government. In this
idea, the greater good is conserved. The hedonistic calculus is also included to
complete the applied context of utilitarianism. The stated calculus is the application of
mathematical reasoning for which, enable the framework to be more subjective and
acceptable in all way of means. The hedonistic calculus contains the fundamental of
and extent. First, the intensity was described as how strong the pleasure of an individual
experiences. The second is the duration. Duration mainly composed of the length of
time that the pleasure lasts. Third is the certainty. Certainty describes as the probability
of how the pleasure will happen or will not happen. Propinquity is described as the time
https://philosophy.lander.edu/ethics/calculus.html?fbclid=IwAR2xTCZ0Ul0XqZziPuzlbiN
probability of the same feelings that would occur of the same activity that was initiated
another opportunity of gaining pleasure. The purity is also described as the probability
of the initiated activity that pain initiated to gain more pain. The last component of the
hedonistic calculus is the extent. It describes on how many people would likely affected
students, the teacher and the administration as a whole. The researcher differentiates
the administration from the teachers due to the specified administrated capability. The
teachers are limited on governing the school while the higher position of the school not
only in high school department but also in the college department of the Concord
Technical Institute Inc. have the sufficient powers to regulate rules. In the case of the
school of CTI, the school was divided by the three main divisions as a “social standards”
inside of it. There are three divisions of the school and that are the students, teachers,
and the administration. The administration is the composition of more than one person
and expected to maintain the harmony of the social activities inside the school. The
students are the clients. Since the students are the clients and pay their monthly fees as
their responsibility, the student should deserve the proper distribution of pleasures in a
way of accessing utilities that the school may provide. The school’s administration can
already prioritize the need of the students and the teacher by using the hedonistic
calculus and the application of statistical treatments of the data after the conduction of
the survey.
The secondary theory that is anchored in the research is the theory of multiple
the specific types of intelligence and consider as the different conceptual frames of an
sees the human intelligences are specified and not necessarily formulate an equation
only to find the general intelligence of it. This theory mainly particularized the human
intelligence and not the general intelligence. Howard enumerates the eight intelligences.
ability of an individual of making harmony of sounds thus the creation of music happens.
The keen observance in the melodies, tone and the combination of sounds can help
musicians develop their own music. This ability is enclosed in the musical-rhythmic
intelligence that the individual can manage the spaces to create desired form and
achieve the best possible form. In the other hand, the verbal linguistic is a type of
language are greatly influenced in this area of intelligence. The other one is the bodily-
kinesthetic those individuals that greatly influenced in this area of intelligence have the
abilities to create body motions. One of its examples is the dancers. Meanwhile, the
surroundings. The naturalist individuals are more interested in the plants, land forms
and water forms, and even to the people as the summary of the entire scope. This type
of intelligence is not really described in the first seven types of intelligence that Howard
introduced but later on he introduced this as part of the human intelligences. The
seventh listed in the types of intelligences is the intrapersonal intelligences. This type of
intelligence is the ability of an individual in realizing and analyzing of self. It could be the
analysis of the mind, abilities, weaknesses, motives and goals. The last one is the
arguments together with others. Howard believes that people that has this intelligence is
fit on the professional jobs like politicians, social welfare, teachers and etc.
The theory is essential to the overall analysis as the basis because not all the
students have the same abilities. The students can now have their opportunity on what
field they are interested. If the students still cannot decide on what they should choose,
well they will be assisted by the academic education. If their interests cannot be found
on the academic track, they can find it in the extra-curricular activities for their
enjoyment. The school is not only a place of learning the usual education. The
administration wants the large volume of the students so the administration should
inspect the interests of the students. This is a good marketing strategy since the
Concord Technical Institute Inc. is a private school. Due to this analysis, the students
should be satisfied in the service of the school to maintain its name. The main purpose
of the school is to satisfy the educational needs of the students. At this time, problems
continue to rises. The researcher prioritizes also the different advantages and the
intelligences of the students as the solution of the several problems. When the Concord
Technical Institute Inc. maintains its name for its known unique services, theoretically,
Research Methodology
Research Method
The researcher will conduct a survey regarding to their pleasure and pain
relationship for its further calculation with using the hedonistic calculus. The
Research Respondents
The respondents are the students and the teachers of the Concord Technical
Institute Inc. The respondents have already given questionnaires as the pre-conduct
research that are described and explained in the rationale. The table that shows the
Table 1
Teacher 8 23.53%
Student 26 76.47%
Total 34 100%
Research Environment
The respondents are the students and the questionnaires are given to them
through the Messenger. The questionnaires will be filed and will be typed in the
Messenger with given instructions. While the teachers are also involve and they will be
The respondents will be given questionnaires and they will answer it by their
smart phones and PC computers. The same to the teachers, if the teachers are in the
school, they will be given the questionnaires sheet and ball pen for them to answer.
Research Procedure
researcher will analyze and the data will be used for hedonistic calculus and
recommendations.
Statement of the Problem
The study aims to analyze the major problems and identify the different
1. What are the improvements necessary for the progressive marketing profits of
the school?
2. What are the necessary clubs and school’s extra-curricular activities for the
3. How the poor management in the school affects the needs of their clients?
4. How can the school improve its supremacy or legacy by assisting the potential
The survey for this research is conducted and there are 16 respondents who
answered the questionnaires that were given to them. The following questionnaires that
were given to them are constructed like this, “What do you think the satisfactory ratings
of having extra-curricular activities and clubs?” The following question has the several
connected options. The following options are Electronics Club, English Club, Robotics
Club, Basketball Club, Science Club, Chess Club, Math Club, Students Newspaper
Club, Dancing Club, and Culture Club. The following options and questions were
contained in a single questionnaire. The researcher compiled the data and every
Institute Inc. immediately. The Top 5 desired clubs from each respondent were showed.
38
34 34 34
30 28
Table 2
Sergie Ricabo
Series1
70 70
61 55
45
37
Comics and Dance Club Basketball Chess Club Math Club English Club
Website Club
Creation
Club (Online
Reading)
Table 3
Alphonso Peteros
Series1
48 44 42
37 37 36 36
Table 4
Monalisa Toring
Series1
37
31 30 28 27
Table 5
Marycila Tingal/Mapa
Series1
51
45 45 44 42 42
38 38
Table 6
Seth Dominique Flores
Series1
28
25 24
22 22 22 21
Table 7
50
44
38 37
30
Table 8
Sylvanus Abella
Series1
57
50 50
32 32 32 31
Table 9
56
45
41 40
35
Table 10
Jay Bureros
Series1
51
45 43 42 40
Table 11
33
30 30 29 28
26
English Club Chess Club Math Club Basketball Dance Club Culture Club
Club
Table 12
Table 11
31
28 28
26
24 23
English Club Basketball Dance Club Math Club Chess Club Culture Club
Club
Table 13
44
20 18
10 10
5 5
Comics and Basketball Science Chess Club Robotics Electronics Dance Club
Website Club Club Club Club
Creation
Club
(Online
Reading)
Table 14
Melanie Grace Lapinig
Series1
42
32
27
19 19 19
16 16 16
Table 15
28
25 25 24 23 22
English Club Basketball Math Club Dance Club Science Club Chess Club
Club
Table 16
Cheska Tan
Series1
28
25 24 24 23
English Club Comics and Basketball Science Club Culture Club Electronics
Website Club Club
Creation
Club (Online
Reading)
Table 17
The following series of data are important to the Top 5 priority of Concord
Technical Institute Inc. to establish it immediately. The tallied options and its frequency
8 8
7
6 6
respondents. The total value of the frequency above is equivalent to 100. This
summation of the total frequency among the top 5 highest rated options of the
respondents were evaluated and analyzed. The researcher chose to select another top
5 highest among the top 5 highest rated options on every respondent. In this way, the
Concord Technical Institute can establish clubs immediately even there is a lack of
funding from the administrator. Clubs are designed for the mastery of the specific field
that the students could learn that not belong to the academic track. In the theoretical
Intelligence in this research therefore clubs should be established. In the list of the
frequencies of the Top 5 highest ratings from the respondents, Electronics Club has the
frequency value of 6. It has the percentage of 6%. The English Club has the frequency
value of 15. It has the percentage of 15%. The Robotics Club has the frequency value
of 3. It has the percentage of 3%. The Basketball Club has the frequency value of 16. It
has the percentage of 16%. The Science Club has the frequency of value of 8. It has
the percentage of 8%. The Chess Club also has the same frequency value of Science
Club. It has frequency value of 8. Its percentage is equivalent to 8%. The Math Club has
the frequency value of 13. It has the percentage value of 13%. The Comics and Website
Creation Club (Online Reading) has the frequency value of 7. It has the percentage of
7%. The Newspaper Club has the frequency value of 6. It has the percentage of 6%.
The Dance Club has the frequency value of 12. The percentage is equivalent to 12%.
The Culture Club has the frequency value of 6. The percentage is equivalent to 6%.
Dominant Top 5 Options
Series1
16 15
13 12
8 8
Basketball English Club Math Club Dance Club Science Club Chess Club
Clubs
Based on the survey, most of the respondents prefer Basketball Club as the
priority club of the school. It has the highest frequency among the Top 5 selected
options of the respondents. The Basketball Club has the frequency value of 16. The
total frequencies of the dominant top 5 options are equivalent of the value of 72. Its
English Club. English Club has the total frequency of 15. Its percentage is equivalent to
22.83%. The third highest frequency is the Math Club. Math Club has the frequency
value of 13. The percentage of it is equivalent to 18.06%. The Dance Club is placed in
the fourth place and has the frequency value of 12. Its percentage is equivalent to
16.67%. Meanwhile, the fifth highest are the Science Club and the Chess Club. Both of
The institutional research for Concord Technical Institute Inc. has the
information for the marketing strategy of the school through innovative educational
services. At this time, the Concord Technical Institute Inc. might have the enough
profits, have engaged marketing advertisement, and have a strong affiliation to maritime
transport organizations. However, the high school section of this school has the
problem. Based on the observation of the researcher, the problems that this school had
condition of education, the students should not be only taught the academic track.
Meanwhile, the school is separated of three major “social class”. The “social class”
inside the school was composed of administrators, teachers, and the students. The
administrators have the supremacy and the laws of the school were governed by them.
The teachers also have the power to regulate rules and regulations both in high school
division and the maritime division. Unlike to the administrators, they have lower power
and can only established laws if the administrators allows. The clients of the school are
the students. The students are the payers of tuitions. It is right to the different parties to
maintain the flows of pleasure in their needs. However, the problem of these
research is anchored to the two main theories. The Utilitarianism is a theory that was
introduced by Jeremy Bentham. Together with the Theory of Multiple Intelligences, the
will be dependent on the previous action that the individual acted before. In this logical
certainty, propinquity, fecundity, purity, and extent. These basic elements will be rated.
Whatever the results, it will be added and thus, an analysis will be formed. In some
extent, the utilitarianism is an ideology of giving enough priority of the greater portion of
the population rather than depending on the importance of a smaller portion. In this
theory, the extent of the effects of the action is important. It was believed that greater
portion of a certain population has greater effects of the extension of pleasure or pain.
One famous ethical dilemma was the Trolley Problem. This problem includes the
decision making with limited choices. The choices are always have the casualties.
Although there is a choice with a lighter casualties than the other one but it should be
considered the ethical response to every choice. In utilitarianism, in the trolley problem,
the ethical response to this one is to maintain the flow of pleasure. The pleasure will be
greatly affected on the extent area. The preferred act to the utilitarianism is to sacrifice
one individual and conserving the life of larger portion. In the case of Concord Technical
Institute Inc. in order to boost the profit of the school, the administration was expected to
prioritize the teacher and the students. Also, the Hedonistic calculus is introduced to
taking the concepts of different types of intelligences. In the overall summation, the two
theories were combined to create a useful statistical data that will guide the researcher
teachers and administrators of the environmental psychology of the school. Every small
details of behavior and the design of the environment in the school are important data
for analysis and the further improvements of the school. In advance case, the
researcher recommend to hire some of the well trained psychologists to inspect further
analysis of the behavior the social interactions happens in the school. Another
recommendations, based on the survey and the theoretical background, the student’s
grades and academic performances is greatly dependent on its interests. If his or her
interests are not present on the academic track, the Theory of Multiple Intelligence
should be considered. On the survey, the top 5 chosen clubs are the following,
Basketball Club, English Club, Math Club, Dance Club, Science Club, and Chess Club.
It correlates the conclusion that every student should have extra-curricular activities
rather than expending more time on the academic track. The researcher also
recommends the monthly internship and training for the students. Not just for senior
high school but also to the junior high school. The researcher recommends to the
administration that the students decide what job they should practice. In this matter, the
basic occupations of a real community exist. There should be companies that originally
founded by the students and let them decide to manage their own established
corporations. It is not only for the companies and private sectors should exist. Also, the
police or maybe engineers should be part of the said proposal. In that way, they will be
guided and knowledgeable in their desired jobs. Also, if the administration cannot
maintain the financial assistance to the proposed projects, the researcher recommend
to maintain a sufficient fund through the creation of websites together with the stories
and comics that is originally made by the HUMMS students and also the junior highs
who have the interests. Not only the HUMMS students that can be trained in this project
proposal. Since the school can already managed the ICT education, the ICT students
can participate the comical creation through providing computer programming services.
Also, the ABM students can assist the marketing strategies for marketing. The basic
strategies of business can be assisted by the ABM students. Through this coordination,
the students can provide financial assistance to the school. Also, the clubs should be
assisted by the trained teachers. It is important to understand the expertise of each club
moderators. The researcher also recommends the administration to increase the tuition
fees of the students to overcome the proportion of having a low population of students.
The Math should also be prioritize more here in Concord Technical Institute Inc. There
are several methods and techniques of making an individual fast in mental calculations.
I recommend the use of Trachtenberg system. In this way, the students can easily
compute mathematical problems. The school must also consider the memory
enhancement for the students to make them productive at memorizing terms and