PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
Communication
A process which involves a
sender who is required to compose
a message that is clear and
purposive in order to elicit his
intended response.
Sender
Transfer his message in
format intelligible to his intended
audience which necessitates him to
figure out beforehand the type of his
audience.
Methods/Channels of
Communication
May refer to face-to-face
conversation, a telephone call via a
mobile phone or landline, to as
modern as private chat message, or
the use of various online app.
Decoding
Engaged by the person with
whom you are communicating.
Stage where your intended audience
tries to understand your message
with whatever means he has.
Feedback
Is what completes the
communication process.
High-level
Great importance or high
rank.
Excessive Nodding
This undermines how
focused we are by nodding like a
bobble.
Fidgeting
The so called “Nervous
Energy”.
Hands Behind the Back
This communicates
unapproachability and closed-
mindedness.
Mismatched Expressions
This is not going to translate
your words well; when you are
expressing passion with face in
deadpan.
Shifty eyes
This may suggest that you
are lying or you are uncertain.
Staring
Too much of this can be
interpreted as aggressive or worse,
creepy.
Chopping and Pointing
This can be mean you are
cutting or chopping connections.
Breaking eye contact
This expresses discomfort.
Bad Posture
Leaning back can be
translated as laziness; leaning
forward may express
aggressiveness.
How to ace a job interview?
1. Keep it relevant
2. Mix it up a little bit
3. Downplay Negatives, Play up
Positives.
4. Align your answer to the
company’s spirit
Language
Indispensable tool in
communication.
3 Most common language
registers
1. Formal
2. Informal
3. Neutral
Formal Registers
Appropriate for professional writing
and letters to a boss, or someone
we are meeting for the first time.
Formal Writing
Also probably the most challenging
type of writing that requires the
formal register.
Examples of Formal Writing
1. Business letters
2. Letters of Complaint
3. Reports
4. Official Speeches
5. Announcements
6. Professional email messages
Must be Observed in the formal
language register
1. Do not use contractions
2. Spell-out number less than one
hundred
3. Avoid using too much passive
voice
4. Avoid using slang, idioms,
exaggerations, and clichés.
5. Avoid abbreviations and
acronyms
6. Formal writing requires the good
transitions words.
7. Always write in sentences.
8. Write longer, more complex
sentences.
Informal Register
Register we use when we
communicate with friends and
family.
Neutral Language Register
Neither formal nor informal.
The tone that is used when
expressing facts devoid of emotion
Language Register
Tenor, tone, or style.
Register
A variety of language
dictated by a particular social
setting.
Thomas Bertram Reid
Used the term register in 1956. And
began to be largely used by other
linguists who wanted to define
register as a variation according to
the user affected by other variables
like social background, geography,
gender, age, among others.
Categorization of Language based
on accent.
1. American English – Often
abbreviated to (AmE) a variant of
English language, spoken mainly
in the United States.
2. Australian English – (AuE) a
variant of English, spoken largely
in Australia.
3. Black English – refers to the
British and American English
spoken by black communities in
the US and the UK. Refers to a
variant of English spoken widely
in the Caribbean and Africa.
4. British English – (BrE) a variant
of English spoken mainly in the
United Kingdom.
Native Speakers
Best English teachers in the
World.
Sociolinguistics
The study of how people use
their language in their everyday
lives; how identities are shown more
vividly through the words you use,
how, through language, you
intentionally or unintentionally
create, maintain, or disrupt
relationships with others.
Pragmatics
Focuses on how speakers
utilize language to convey
information.
Discourse Analysis
Focuses on the “text” and its
“context”
Virtual Interactions
Become an indispensable
ingredient to workplace dynamics.
Body language
Key factor in business.
How do you then; as a would-be-
professional, deal with diverse
culture in the business world?
1. Universalism vs. Particularism
2. Individualism vs. Collectivism
3. Specific vs. Diffused
4. Achievement vs. Ascription
5. Neutral vs. Affective
6. Time Orientation: Sequential vs.
Synchronic
7. Inner – Directed Orientation vs.
Outer – Directed Orientation
Universalistic Culture People
Adhere to general rules,
codes, values, obligations; that
regardless of circumstance, same
rules apply to different situations.
Particularistic Culture People
Make judgements according
to their relationships.
Individualistic culture
Puts emphasis on the
individual’s wants, happiness,
fulfillment, initiative, and welfare
above those of the community’s.
Collectivism
In turn decides for the
greater good and values what works
for the community undermining
personal wants and desires.
Specific Culture
About a man who considers
his work a place where he functions
as an individual.
Diffused Culture
Opposite of the specific as it
encourages relationships and
camaraderie among co-workers.
Achievement
They regard others on
account of their education, ability,
success in chosen career,
competition, and so on.
Ascription
People value you according
to your social connections, age or
gender, your origin, or your religion.
Neutral Culture
People make an effort to
conceal their feelings because they
have been taught that way.
Affective
They wear their heart on their
sleeves and spend their time at work
with laughter, expressions of
displeasure or happiness, bold
gestures, and dramatic non-verbal
expressions.
Sequential Type
If you think that there is a
time and place for everything to be
done.
Synchronic
You connect the past and the
future but you do not focus on one or
the order with which the two take
place.
Inner-directed Culture
 Thrives on people making a direction, and over-all organization
conscious effort of controlling the of objects in a given space.
environment where they are in.
Outer-Directed Orientation
Culture
Believes in the domination of
nature over mankind.
Melting Pot
Encourages assimilation, and
being American as the mainstream
culture.
Cultural Pluralism
This term focuses on a
diverse population of cultures
interacting with one another to form
a society.
Creating multimodal texts
Means the production of
spoken, written, or texts in print or
digital forms
Reminders in creating multimodal
text
1. Purpose
2. Message
3. Reader and Viewer
4. Listener
Purpose
Means what you want to achieve
with your text such as to inform, to
inspire, or to elicit action.
Message
Contained in the actual text
you compose.
Readers
May mean fellow students,
parents, teachers, or whoever you
think will appreciate your message.
Written/Linguistic
Refers to spoken and written
language through vocabulary,
structure and grammar.
Audio
Refers to the music, sound
effects, noises or silences, and the
elements of volume, pitch, and
rhythm.
Visual
Refers to the moving or still
images with the utilization of colors,
layouts, and screen formats,
symbols, shot framing, distance,
angle, camera movement, and
subject movement.
Gestural
Refers to the body
movement, hands and eyes, facial
expressions, demeanors, speed,
stillness, and angles.
Spatial
Refers to the environmental and
architectural spaces, proximity,