TEST 48 (KEY)

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs
from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. laugh B. plough C. cough D. enough
2. A. Valentine B. imagine C. discipline D. determine
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three
in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
3. A. ability B. agriculture C. development D. contaminate
4. A. guarantee B. recommend C. represent D. illustrate
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the
following questions.
5. I have English classes __________ day- on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.
A. all other B. each other C. every other D. this and the other
6. She was __________ she could not say anything.
A. so surprised at the news that B. such surprised at the news that
C. too surprised at the news that D. so surprising at the news that
7. It’s essential that every student __________ the exam before attending the course.
A. pass B. passes C. be passed D. not pass
8. I decided to go to the library as soon as I __________.
A. had finished what I did B. would finish what I had done
C. finished what I did D. finished what I was doing.
9. The mounted police __________ in the street yesterday was very friendly.
A. seeing B. was seen C. I saw him D. whom I saw
10. Please cut my hair __________ the style in this magazine.
A. the same length as B. the same length like C. the same long as D. so long as
11. Carbon dioxide may be absorbed by trees or water bodies, or it may stay in the atmosphere when
__________, while it is only in the atmosphere that chlorofluorocarbons find their home.
A. releasing from car emissions B. released from car emissions
C. being released by emissions of cars D. emissions are released by cars
12. Half of the children were away from school last week because of __________ of influenza.
A. a break-out B. a breakthrough C. an outburst D. an outbreak
13. __________ so aggressive, we’d get on much better.
A. Should she not B. Had she not C. Weren’t she D. Unless she were
14. __________ in the atmosphere is the temperature falling below freezing.
A. Frost is produced B. Frost produces C. What produces frost D. What is frost produce
15. All __________ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.
A. what is needed B. which is needed C. things are needed D. that is needed
16. He said that the plane had already left and that I __________ an hour earlier.
A. must have arrived B. had to arrive C. should have arrived D. could have arrived
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete
each of the following exchanges.
17. Harry: __________.
Jane: Oh, thank you. I just got it yesterday.
A. When have you got this beautiful dress? B. How a beautiful dress you’re wearing!
C. You’ve just bought this beautiful dress, haven't you? D. That’s a beautiful dress you have on!
18. Tom: This grammar test is the hardest one we’ve ever had this semester!
Jack: __________ but I think it’s quite easy.
A. I couldn’t agree more B. I understand what you’re saying
C. You’re right D. I don’t see in that way
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST meaning to the
underlined part in each of the following questions.
19. He was asked to account for his presence at the scene of crime.
A. complain B. exchange C. explain D. arrange
20. On this second thought, I believe I will go with you to the theater.
A. Upon reflection B. After discussing my wife C. For this time only D. For the second time
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE meaning to the
underlined part in each of the following questions.
21. They have not made any effort to integrate with the local community.
A. cooperate B. put together C. separate D. connect
22. There has been insufficient rainfall over the past two years, and farmers are having trouble.
A. adequate B. unsatisfactory C. abundant D. dominant
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction
in each of the following questions.
23. Of all mammals, dolphins are undoubtedly among the friendly to human. friendliest
A B C D
24. It was suggested that Pedro studies the material more thoroughly before attempting to pass the exam.
A study B C D
25. In just three months H.G. Wells wrote the famous classic The Time Machine for what he won a
A B C D
Newberry Caldecott award. which
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that
best fit each of the blanks.
The reality of an interview is never as bad as your fears. For some reason people imagine the interview
is going to jump on every tiny mistake they (26) ____ . In truth, the interviewer is as keen for the meeting to go
well as you are. It is what makes his or her job (27) ____.
The secret of a good interview is preparing for it. What you wear is always important as it creates the
first impression. So (28) ____ neatly, but comfortably. Make sure that you can deal with anything you are (29)
____. Prepare for questions that are certain to come up, for example: “Why do you want to become a nurse?
What is the most important (30) ____ a good nurse should have? Apart from nursing, what other careers have
you considered ?” Answer the questions fully and precisely. For instance, if one of your interests is reading, be
prepared to talk about the sort of books you like.
26. A. perform B. do C. make D. have
27. A. enjoyable B. enjoyably C. enjoyment D. enjoyed
28. A. wear B. dress C. put on D. have on
29. A. suggested B. questioned C. inquired D. asked
30. A. quality B. behavior C. nature D. point
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the
following questions.
31. The Prime Minister set up a committee of financial expert. They were to help him discuss an formulate new
policies.
A. The Prime Minister, who is a financial expert, set up a committee to discuss and formulate new policies.
B. A committee consisting of financial experts was set up by the Prime Minister to help him discuss and
formulate new policies.
C. The Prime Minister, who was helped by financial experts, set up a committee to discuss and formulate new
policies.
D. A committee consisting of financial experts who were helped by the Prime Minister discussed and formulated
new policies.
32. Some economists argue that new technology cause unemployment. Others feel that it allows more jobs to
be created.
A. Arguing that new technology causes unemployment, other economists, feel that it allows more jobs to be
created.
B. Besides the argument that new technology causes unemployment, some economists feel that it allows more
jobs to be created.
C. Some economists argue that new technology causes unemployment whereas others feel that it allows
more jobs to be created.
D. Some economists argue that new technology causes unemployment, so others feel that it allows more jobs
to be created.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to
the sentence above.
33. He never suspected that the money had been stolen.
A. Despite the fact that the money had been stolen, he wasn’t suspected at any time.
B. Although the money had been stolen, but he never suspected.
C. Never did he suspect of the money although he had been stolen.
D. At no time did he suspect that someone had stolen the money.
34. Because Sandra had informed us, we found the contract quite normal.
A. The contract was quite normal because of Sandra informed us.
B. Being informed by Sandra, the contract was quite normal.
C. But for Sandra’s information, we couldn’t find the contract quite normal.
D. We could find the contract quite normal thanks to Sandra’s informing.
35. Most people get fewer colds in the summer than in the winter.
A. A person is more likely to get a cold in the winter than in the summer.
B. More people have summer colds than winter colds.
C. People get colder in the summer than in the winter.
D. The winter is much colder than the summer.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions.
Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects—an estimated 90 percent of the world's
species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining
patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general
public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues
such as diversity. Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past
century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions.
For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he
mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour's walk, whereas the total number found on the
British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical
and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.
 A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and
tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns vary among different animal and
plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather
man between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin,
tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly "personal communication" citations, even for vertebrates, In other
words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation
phase.
In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are
made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously; little is known about the
evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of examples because
they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and
incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.
36. The word “consequence” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _________.
A. result B. explanation C. analysis D. requirement
37. The word “striking” in the first paragraph can be replaced by _________.
A. physical B. confusing C. noticeable D. successful
38. Butterflies are a good example for communicating information about conservation issues because they
_________.
A. are simple in structure B. have been given scientific names
C. are viewed positively by people D. are found mainly in temperate climates
39. Which of the following is NOT well understood by biologists?
A. European butterfly habitats.
B. Differences in species richness between temperate and tropical regions.
C. Differences in species richness within a temperate or a tropical region.
D. Comparisons of behavior patterns of butterflies and certain animal groups.
40. All of the followings are mentioned as being important parts of a general theory of diversity EXCEPT
_________.
A. differences between temperate and tropical zones.
B. patterns of distribution of species in each region.
C. migration among temperate and tropical zones.
D. variation of patterns and distribution of species among different animals and plants.
41. Which aspect of butterflies does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Their physical characteristics B. Their adaptation to different habitats
C. Their names D. Their variety
42. The word “generate” in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to _________.
A. requested B. caused C. assisted D. estimated
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
According to the best evidence gathered by space probes and astronomers, Mars is an inhospitable
planet, more similar to Earth’s Moon than to Earth itself - a dry, stark, seemingly lifeless world. Mars’ air
pressure is equal to Earth's at an altitude of 100,000 feet. The air there is 95 percent carbon dioxide.
Mars has no ozone layer to screen out the sun's lethal radiation. Daytime temperatures may reach above
freezing, but because the planet is blanketed by the mere wisp of an atmosphere, the heat radiates back into
space. Even at the equator the temperature drops to -50°c (60°F) at night. Today there is no liquid water,
although valleys and channels on the surface show evidence of having been carved by running water. The polar
ice caps are made of frozen water and carbon dioxide, and water may be frozen in the ground as permafrost
 Despite these difficult conditions certain scientists believe that there is a possibility of transforming
Mars into a more Earth-like planet. Nuclear reactors might be used to melt frozen gases and eventually build
up the atmosphere. This in turn could create a "greenhouse effect" that would stop heat from radiating back
into space. Liquid water could be thawed to
form a polar ocean. Once enough ice has melted, suitable plants could be introduced to build up the level of
oxygen in the atmosphere so that, in time, the planet would support animal life from Earth and even permanent
human colonies. “This was once thought to be so far in the future as to be irrelevant, “said Christopher McKay,
a research scientist at NASA. “But now it’s starting to look practical. We could begin work in four or five
decades.”
The idea of “terra-forming; Mars, as enthusiasts call it, has its roots in science fiction. But as researches
develop a more profound understanding of how Earth’s ecology supports life, they have begun to see how it
may be possible to create similar conditions on Mars. Don’t plan on homesteading on Mars any time soon,
though. The process could take hundreds or even thousands of years to complete and the cost would be
staggering.
43. With which of the following is the passage primarily concerned?
A. The possibility of changing the Martian environment.
B. The challenge of interplanetary travel
C. The advantages of establishing colonies on Mars
D. The need to study the Martian ecology
44. The word “there” in paragraph 1 refers to __________.
A. a point 100 miles above the Earth B. The Earth’s Moon
C. Mars D. Outer space
45. Which of the following does the author NOT list as a characteristic of the planet Mars that would make
colonization difficult?
A. There is little liquid water B. Daytime temperatures are dangerously high
C. The sun’s rays are deadly D. Night time temperatures are extremely
46. According to the passage, the Martian atmosphere today consist mainly of __________.
A. carbon dioxide B. oxygen C. ozone D. water vapour
47. It can be inferred from the passage that the “greenhouse effect” mentioned in paragraph 3 is ________.
A. the direct result of nuclear reactions B. the cause of low temperature on Mars.
C. caused by the introduction of green plants D. possible means of warming Mars.
48. According to Christopher McKay, the possibility of transforming Mars __________.
A. could only occur in science fiction stories.
B. will not begin for hundreds, even thousands of years.
C. is completely impractical.
D. could be started in forty to fifty years.
49. The phrase “more profound” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. deeper B. more practical C. more up-to-date D. brighter
50. According to the article, the basic knowledge need to transform Mars comes from __________.
A. the science of astronomy B. a knowledge of Earth’s ecology
C. data from space probes D. science fiction stories