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Diagnosis
Your doctor will do a physical exam to see if your liver is larger than it should be. He
may also order some blood tests to help figure out what's causing it.
Obesity
An infection
Some medications or alcohol
Toxins
Autoimmune disease (your body's immune system attacks healthy tissue)
Metabolic syndrome (a group of risk factors for heart disease that includes high
blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol levels, and belly fat)
Genetic disorders that cause fat, protein, or other substances to build up
Abnormal growths may cause an enlarged liver. These may be due to:
Cysts
Tumors that start in or spread to the liver
An enlarged liver is one that's bigger than normal. The medical term is
hepatomegaly (hep-uh-toe-MEG-uh-le). Rather than a disease, an enlarged liver is
a sign of an underlying problem, such as liver disease (Cirrhosis ,Hepatitis) ,
congestive heart failure or cancer(Cancer that begins in another part of the body and
spreads to the liver, Leukemia, Liver cancer, Lymphoma), Bile duct or gall bladder
obstruction.
When enlarged liver results from liver disease, it might be accompanied by:
Abdominal pain
Fatigue
1. Exposure
2. Lighting and position
3. General Inspection
Observe for clues around the bed (Drains, vomit, NG tube),
body habitus ( healthy, obese, cachectic), jaundice
(hepatic/biliary disease), abdominal distension
Inspect the abdomen
Scars, distension, masses,
4. Light Palpation
Note any masses/tenderness//guarding. Observe the
patients face for signs and discomfort.
Deep Palpation
Assess size/shape/consistency of any masses found.
Liver Palpation
Feel the liver edge and note the degree of extension below
the costal.
margin(cm).
Splenic Palpation
Feel for the splenic edge moving
towards your index finger during inspiration.
5. Percussion
Percuss the borders of the liver (to estimate size), percuss
the spleen, percuss the bladder (to assess for bladder
distension)
6. Auscultation
Listen for bowel sounds(absent if none noted within 2
minutes), listen for aortic bruits,listen for renal bruits
The average liver size varies by age and can be:
Hepatocytes (parenchymal cells) are the basic structural component of the liver,
representing 60% of the total cell number and 80% of the total liver volume.
1. The bile duct is a channel that connects the liver and gallbladder (where
bile is stored).
2. The gallbladder is located just below the liver and serves to store bile
that is produced by the liver.
3. Blood vessel, blood from organs such as the spleen, pancreas,
gallbladder and intestine converge in the hepatic portal vein.