Problem 2.

27 [Difficulty: 5]

Given: Velocity field

Find: Plot streakline for first second of flow

Solution:
Following the discussion leading up to Eq. 2.10, we first find equations for the pathlines in form

(
x p( t) = x t , x 0 , y 0 , t0 ) and (
y p( t) = y t , x 0 , y 0 , t0 )
where x 0, y 0 is the position of the particle at t = t0, and re-interprete the results as streaklines

( ) (
x st t0 = x t , x 0 , y 0 , t0 ) and ( ) (
y st t0 = y t , x 0 , y 0 , t0 )
which gives the streakline at t, where x 0, y 0 is the point at which dye is released (t0 is varied from 0 to t)

dx
For particle paths, first find x(t) = u = u0
dt

Separating variables and integrating dx = u 0 ⋅ dt o

r
x = x0 + u0 ⋅ t − t0 ( )
⎡ ⎡ (
x 0 + u 0⋅ t − t0 )⎤⎤
= v = v 0 ⋅ sin⎡⎢ω⋅ ⎛⎜ t −
dy x ⎞⎤ dy
= v = v 0 ⋅ sin⎢ω⋅ ⎢t − ⎥⎥
u0 ⎥
For y(t) we have so
dt
⎣ ⎝ ⎠⎦ dt
⎣ ⎣ u0
⎦⎦
dy ⎡ ⎛ x 0 ⎞⎤
and = v = v 0 ⋅ sin⎢ω⋅ ⎜ t0 − ⎥
dt
⎣ ⎝ u0
⎠⎦
⎡ ⎛ x 0 ⎞⎤ ⎡ ⎛ x 0 ⎞⎤
Separating variables and integrating dy = v 0 ⋅ sin⎢ω⋅ ⎜ t0 − ⎥ ⋅ dt y = y 0 + v 0 ⋅ sin⎢ω⋅ ⎜ t0 − ⎥ ⋅ t − t0 ( )
⎣ ⎝ u0
⎠⎦ ⎣ ⎝ u0
⎠⎦
⎡ ⎛ x 0 ⎞⎤
The streakline is then ( )
x st t0 = x 0 + u 0 t − t0 ( ) ( )
y st t0 = y 0 + v 0 ⋅ sin⎢ω⋅ ⎜ t0 − ⎥ ⋅ t − t0 ( )
⎣ ⎝ u0
⎠⎦
With x0 = y0 = 0

( )
x st t0 = u 0 ⋅ t − t0 ( ) ( ) ( ) (
y st t0 = v 0 ⋅ sin⎡ω⋅ t0 ⎤ ⋅ t − t0
⎣ ⎦ )
Streakline for First Second
2

1
y (m)

0 2 4 6 8 10

−1

−2

x (m)
This curve can be plotted in Excel. For t = 1, t0 ranges from 0 to t.