Problem Set - 5 Autumn 2019

MATHEMATICS-I(MA10001) //2019
dz
1. Find for the following functions,
dt
(a) z = f (x, y) = x2 + xy, where x(t) = et , y(t) = sin(t).

(b) z = f (x, y) = xy, where x(t) = cos(t), y(t) = sin(t).

∂z
2. If z = x2 + y 2 , and x(u, v) = u cos(v), y(u, v) = u sin(v), find and
∂u
∂z
.
∂v

dy
3. (a) Using implicit differentiation, find from the followings:
dx
i. y x = xy , iii. xey + yex − exy = 0
2 2 2
ii. sin(xy) − exy − x2 y = 0 iv. x 3 + y 3 = a 3
∂z ∂z
(b) Using implicit differentiation, find and from the followings:
∂x ∂y
2
i. xy 2 z 2 + sin(yz) − exz = c,
ii. x tan−1 ( yz ) + y tan−1 ( xz ) + z tan−1 ( xy ) = c
4. Check whether the following functions are homogeneous or not, if so,
determine the degree of the function:
y x
(a) tan−1 + sin−1 (d) x2 y 2 + xy 3 + x2 y + x3 y
x y p
y x6 + y 6
(b) x2/3 y 4/3 tan (e)
x x+y
x1/4 + y 1/4
(c) 1/5
x + y 1/5
y−x z−y ∂w ∂w ∂w
5. If w = f ( , ), then show that x2 + y2 + z2 = 0.
xy zy ∂x ∂y ∂z

∂f ∂f
6. Show that x +y = 3f , where f (x, y) = x3 + 3x2 y + xy 2 + 9y 3 .
∂x ∂y
x3 + y 3 ∂u ∂u
7. If u = sin−1 ( ), then show that x +y = 2 tan u.
x−y ∂x ∂y
Problem Set - 5 Autumn 2019
MATHEMATICS-I(MA10001) //2019

8. Let f (x, y) be a homogeneous function of x and y of degree n having

continuous first order partial derivatives and u = (x2 + y 2 )−n/2 , then
∂ ∂
show that x (f u) + y (f u) = 0.
∂x ∂y
∂2u a2 ∂
9. If u = y1 [φ(ax + y) + φ(ax − y)], then show that ∂x2
= [ (y 2 ∂u
y 2 ∂y ∂y
)].

10. If u = zeax+by , where z is a homogeneous function in x and y of degree

∂u ∂u
n, prove that x +y = (ax + by + n)u.
∂x ∂y
x3 + y 3
11. If u = tan−1 ( ), then show that x2 uxx + 2xyuxy + y 2 uyy = (1 −
x−y
4 sin2 u) sin 2u.
s
x1/3 + y 1/3
12. If u = sin−1 , then show that
x1/2 + y 1/2

13 tan2 u
 
2 2 tan u
x uxx + 2xyuxy + y uyy = + .
12 12 12

(ax3 + by 3 )n y
13. If u = + xf ( ), then prove that
3n(3n − 1) x
x2 uxx + 2xyuxy + y 2 uyy = (ax3 + by 3 )n .
y x
14. If z = xm f ( ) + y n g( ), then show that
x y
∂z ∂z
x2 zxx + 2xyzxy + y 2 zyy + mnz = (m + n − 1)(x + y ).
∂x ∂y
15. If u = xφ(x + y) + yψ(x + y), then show that uxx − 2uxy + uyy = 0.
y y ∂u ∂u y ∂
16. If u = xφ( ) + ψ( ), then prove that x + y = xφ( ) and (x ∂x +
x x ∂x ∂y x
∂ 2
y ∂y ) u = 0.

(x2 + y 2 )n y y
17. If z(x, y) = + xφ( ) + ψ( ), then using Euler’s theorem,
2n(2n − 1) x x
show that x zxx + 2xyzxy + y zyy = (x2 + y 2 )n .
2 2
Problem Set - 5 Autumn 2019
MATHEMATICS-I(MA10001) //2019

18. Let u(x, y) be such that all its second order partial derivatives exists.
If x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ, then show that

∂ 2u ∂ 2u ∂u 2 ∂ u
2
∂ 2u ∂ 2u
r2 − − r = (x 2
− y )( − ) + 4xy .
∂r2 ∂θ2 ∂r ∂x2 ∂y 2 ∂x∂y
19. If z be a differentiable function of x and y (rectangular cartesian co-
ordinates) and let x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ(r, θ are polar co-ordinates),
then show that
∂ 2z ∂ 2z ∂ 2 z 1 ∂z 1 ∂ 2z
(a) + = + + .
∂x2 ∂y 2 ∂r2 r ∂r r2 ∂θ2
 2  2  2  2
∂z ∂z ∂z 1 ∂z
(b) + = + 2 .
∂x ∂y ∂r r ∂θ