Book 2
THE DYING SUN - 1
Q# 1 How is it that a star seldom finds another star
near it?
It is so because each star travels in its specified
orbit at an unimaginable distance from the other.
Q# 2 What happened when, according to Sir James
Jeans, a wandering star, wandering through
space, came near the sun?
A mountain of molten matter was created on the
sun when the other star came near.
Q# 3 What happened when the wandering star came
nearer and nearer?
The mountain of molten matter became higher and
higher as the other star came nearer and nearer.
Q# 4 What are planets and how did they come into
existence?
The planets are the broken pieces of the molten
matter that was created on the surface of the sun.
They came into existence when the molten matter
was flung into the space due to a change in the
path of the other star.
Q# 5 Why is there no life on the stars?
There is no life on the star because they are too hot
to boil everything and this much temperature is not
suitable for life.
Q# 6 Write a note on the beginning of life on the
earth.
We don’t know how and when life came into
existence. However, it is started in simple
organisms which became more and more complex
and finally human being came into existence.
Q# 7 Why is the universe, of which our earth is a
part, so frightening?
The universe is frightening to us because of our
extreme loneliness, littleness, long stretches of
time and space and no existence of life like ours on
any planet.
Q# 8 What, in your opinion, should be the conditions
necessary, for the kind of life we know to exist
on other heavenly bodies? Do such conditions
generally exist?
Water, air, and reasonable temperature are the
conditions necessary for life to exist on other
heavenly bodies. Such conditions generally don’t
exist on other planets.
USING THE SCIENTIFIC METHODS - 2
Q# 1 How has the scientific method helped us in our
fight against disease?
The scientific method has helped us in our fight
against diseases by discovering different medicines
and treatments.
Q# 2 Write a note on the better sanitary conditions
available in our cities today and compare them
with what they were like a hundred years ago.
Nowadays the city roads and streets are cleaned
regularly. They are well drained and the sewerage
system carries the waste through sealed pipelines
which ensure proper disposal. Whereas, a hundred
years ago the cities were full of garbage. There
was no arrangement of pure drinking water and the
roads were broken and uneven.
Q# 3 What are the sanitary conditions like in our
villages today and how would you improve
them?
Nowadays, our villages show a poor picture of
sanitary conditions in our village. We can improve
it through the active cooperation of our villagers
and the financial assistance of the government.
Q# 4 How had the scientific method helped us in the
production and preservation of foods?
The scientific method has helped us in the
production of food by giving varieties and it has
helped us in the preservation of food by giving
different methods like selecting, grading,
processing and quick freezing.
Q# 5 We are now generally les fearful than our
ancestors. What were our ancestors afraid of?
Our ancestors were afraid of everything which
they did not understand very well.
Q# 6 How has the scientific method enabled us to get
over the old fears?
The scientific method has enabled us to get over
the old fears by giving a logical reason of every
happening.
Q# 7 What part did astrology play in the lives of men
and women in the past?
Astrology played a very important part in the lives
of men and women in the past. They always
consulted astrologists before starting any work.
Q# 8 Describe some of the superstitions still current
in Pakistan. How do they affect the lives of
those believe in them?
People think that a guest will call on you if a crow
caws at the wall of your house. You may face a
trouble if you travel on Tuesday.
WHY BOYS FAIL IN COLLEGE - 3
Q # 1 According to the author there are some boys
who fail because they do not try. Who are they?
Can we help them?
They are the students who do not actually
concentrate on their studies. We can’t help such
students. They only themselves can tide over this
problem.
Q # 2 How does mistaken ambition of the part of boys
and their parents lead to the failure of the boys?
Mistaken ambition on the part of boys & parents
make the student study the subject he is not
interested in thus, he fails.
Q # 3 There are some boys who have done well at
school but fail to make their mark at college.
Who are they?
They are the students who don’t know the
importance of hard work and they are unaware of
the fact that college studies demands hard work.
Q # 4 How does financial pressure lead to the failure
of students described in the lesson?
The financial pressure leads the students to earn
themselves to meet their expenses of studies. Thus
they are unable to pay proper attention to their
studies and they fail.
Q # 5 To what extent does the question of health lead
to failure at college? How far can the college
authorities with their medical officers help
students in such cases?
Poor health is a major cause of failure at college.
As a student with poor health can’t do justice with
his college studies and fails. College authorities
with their medical officers can help students by
improving health of the students.
Q # 6 What place would you accord to sportsmen in
colleges?
Sportsmen are vital in college but they should give
preference to their studies.
Q # 7 There are some students who join college for
the fun of it. Should they be allowed to stay?
 The students who join colleges for fun they should
be dealt with high handedly to make them change
their attitude. Otherwise they should be expelled.
END OF TERM - 4
Q # 1 What was Daiches' attitude towards the week-
end as a school boy? Why did he long for it?
As a school goer Daiches thought that the weekend
was a blessing. He longed for the weekend because
the daily grind throughout the week pressed
heavily upon him.
Q # 2 What was his general view of school life?
His general view of school life was that it was full
of sensation, competition and there was no time to
be relaxed.
Q # 3 He liked holidays for their freedom--- freedom
from what?
He liked holidays for freedom from dull and
boring routine of school activities.
Q # 4 How did he spend his summer holidays?
The real holidays which the writer liked were
summer holidays. They lasted for two months. It
was a long and permanent period of enjoyment for
the writer. The writer waited for them impatiently.
Q # 5 What are the things which Daiches longed for
but could not have?
He longed for a tricycle in his childhood and a
bicycle in teenage. He also yearned for ice cream
free of cost.
Q # 6 What did Daiches do with his pocket money?
He put his pocket money in a money saving box.
ON DESTROYING BOOKS - 5
Q # 1 What sort of books were presented by the
British public to soldiers?
The public sent the books which they did not want
to keep.
Q # 2 Was it interest of soldiers that prompted their
action, or was it the wish to get rid of useless
books?
It was their desire to get rid of the useless books
that prompted their action.
Q # 3 Why should bad books be destroyed?
They should be destroyed to make room for new
books and to save one’s heir the trouble of sorting
out the rubbish or storing.
Q # 4 Why is it difficult to destroy books?
It is difficult to destroy books for they die hard.
Q # 5 Why could not the author burn the unwanted
books?
He had no kitchen range and could not burn them
on the cooker or small study fire.
Q # 6 How did he decide to get rid of them?
He decided to consign them to the river.
Q # 7 Describe the author's midnight venture to
throw the books in the river and the suspicions
which his action were likely to arouse.
The suspicions of keeping swag in the sack or
throwing a baby could arouse.
Q # 8 How did he muster up courage at last to fling
them into the river?
He mustered up courage by calling himself a
coward.
Q # 9 Did he come to have a feeling for those books
once he had got rid of them?
He had sad feelings for the books when he had got
rid of them.
THE MAN WHO WAS A HOSPITAL - 6
Q # 1 How did Jerome K. Jerome come to suspect
that his liver was out of order? What were the
diseases he thought he was suffering from on
reading a book on the treatment of diseases?
As he read a patent liver fill circular and
discovered all described symptoms in himself. He
read a book of diseases found almost every disease
in him except housemaid’s knee.
Q # 2 What was the disease he discovered he didn't
have?
He discovered the only disease which he had not is
the housemaid’s knee.
Q # 3 Was he pleased to find he didn't have it?
He felt rather hurt about this at first.
Q # 4 What was his first reaction?
He felt rather hurt about this at first.
Q # 5 Why should he be an acquisition to the medical
class?
He thought that he was a hospital kin himself
students would have no need to “walk the
hospitals”, if they ad me.
Q # 6 Describe Jerome K. Jerome's visit to the
medical man?
He went to a medical man who was also his old
friend. He examined his pulse tongue talked about
weather. He told him how he discovered these all
symptoms.
Q # 7 He thought he was doing the doctor good turn
by going to him. Why?
According to the author,
What a doctor wants in practice. He shall have me,
he will get more practice out of me then out of
seventeen hundred of your ordinary common place
patients with only one or two disease each.
Q # 8 What was the prescription given to him by the
doctor?
The prescription was
“1 lb beefsteak, every 6 hours,
Ten-mile walk every morning,
Bed at 11 sharp every night,
And don’t stuff your head with things,
You don’t understand”
Q # 9 Describe Jerome K. Jerome's visit to the
chemist?
He went to the chemist with advised prescription
he said,
I am a chemist. I were a co-operative store and
family hotel combined, I might be able to oblige
you. Being only a chemist hampers me.
Q # 10 What is the significance of the doctor's advice?
No doubt it is highly significant. Because in this
way one creates problems for own self.
MY FINANCIAL CAREER - 7
Q # 1 What light do the following expressions throw
on Leacock's state of mind when he entered the
bank: "Looked timidly round, ", "Shambled
in."
These expressions explain that he was confused
and terrified.
Q # 2 Why did the manager come to think that
Leacock had an awful secret to reveal?
The manager thought so because Leacock had
desired to meet him alone.
Q # 3 What was the attitude of the manager towards
Leacock on learning that he only wished to
deposit 56 dollars in the bank?
The attitude of the manager was quite cold when
he came to know that Leacock was to deposit only
fifty-six dollars.
Q # 4 What other blunders did Leacock commit after
leaving the manager's office?
After getting out of the manager’s office, Leacock
went to the accountant’s wicket and poked the ball
of money at him. He wrote the cheque of 56
dollars instead of 6 rupees and thrust it at the clerk.
Q#5 After this misadventure in the bank where did
Leacock keep his money?
After is misadventure in the bank, he kept his
money in cash in his trousers pockets and savings
in silver dollars in a sock.
Q # 6 Give as many examples as you can to show that
Leacock was feeling completely lost in the bank.
i. He was always afraid of the banks. He entered into
the bank in a nervous manner.
ii. He said to the manager that he wanted to see him
‘alone’. He said the word ‘alone’ again and again.
iii. He wrote fifty six dollars on the cheque when he
wanted to draw out six dollars.
CHINA'S WAY TO PROGRESS - 8
Q # 1 Why has the world changed its attitude towards
China?
The world has changed it attitude towards China
because of its tremendous progress in every field
of life.
Q # 2 Discuss Chinese agriculture system?
It is divided into communes, production brigade
and teams. Peasants carry on intensive traditional
labour; however, mechanization is being
introduced with caution.
Q # 3 How does China rely on its own resources?
China relies on its resources by encouraging its
people to use national machines and equipments as
they can be promptly prepared when there is a
shortage and they bigger, faster and better.
Q # 4 Describe a day in the life of a Chinese student.
A Chinese student gets up at six in the morning,
does a few domestic chores, attends his school
from 8:00 am to 11am, takes a rest at home till
1:30 pm. Then he goes back to school again at
1:30pm till 3:00pm for his home work. At 4:00pm,
he relaxes, reads the newspaper, listens to radio
and plays ping pong.
Q # 5 Write a note on the Chinese women.
The Chinese women work shoulder to shoulder
with their men in every field of life. They enjoy
equal rights. They don’t bother about their
femininity and they don’t indulge in any illicit
relation.
Q # 6 What social security benefits are provided to
the Chinese workers?
They have to pay the non-existent charges of
theatre, cinema and haircut. Hospitalization is free.
The family of the worker pays only the 50%
charges for their medical treatment. Nurseries and
kindergartens are attached with the factories and
plants which offer easement to the workers.
Q # 7 “It is the people and not the things that are
decisive”. Discuss.
It means, if the people are determined to do
wonders, nothing can stop them from doing so.
Rather their active participation can revolutionize
their country so they are to define the destiny of
their country.
Q # 8 What are the three fevers that are absent in
China?
The three fevers that are absent in China are
money alcohol and sex.
Q # 9 What are the social security benefits that are
provided to a Chinese woman?
She works 8 hours daily. Hospitalization, medical
care and infant schools are free. She is granted 56
days paid leave before childbirth which is also
without any medical charges.
HUNGER AND POPULATION EXPLOSION - 9
Q # 1 What does hunger men on a large scale as
viewed by the author?
In this essay, writer says that the world is faced
with the problem of hunger, hunger does not to
miss one meal or meals for a whole day. It means
that you are not satisfied with the quantity and
quality of food that we get to eat.
Q # 2 Describe some great famines of the past?
There was seven years of famine in Egypt and the
surrounding countries during the time of Joseph
from the birth of Christ to about 1800, there had
been three hundred famines in the world. The
Russian famine in 1971 – 72 killed several million
people. Then million died in the great famine of
Bengal during 1967 – 70. In India 1964 – 64, there
was the worst famine of the century.
Q # 3 How do famines occur?
Famines are caused by various things sometimes
lack of food causes famine. There are more people
to eat than the quantity of food available.
Sometimes crops fail due to some disease.
Q # 4 What is the main reason for population increase
today?
There is only one reason for population increase in
the world. The number of people who are born in
the world are grater than the number of people
who die.
Q # 5 What is meant by birth-rate and death-rate,
and how do they affect the population of a
country?
Birth rate and death rate affect the population of
the country. If birth rate is higher than the death
rate, population will increase. If birth rate is
controlled, and death rate remains the same, the
population will decrease.
Q # 6 What have public-health measures to do with
increase in population?
The discovery of modern medicines and health
measures adopted now a days have bettered the
condition of people. The length of man’s life has
been increased. Death rate has been controlled. It
has caused the increase in population.
Q # 7 Account for the high birth-rate in under-
developed countries?
The following factors are responsible for it.
The people of under – developed countries are
uneducated. They do not know that over
population is harmful for the progress of the
country.
They do not plan their life. They produce children
without keeping in view their resources.
Q # 8 Why is birth rate not so high in the more
advanced countries?
The people of the west are educated and wise.
They know the dangers of over population. They
adopt every method to check the growth of
population.
The death rate in the western countries is on the
decline. But the people have also controlled the
birth day. As a result, the population of these
countries does not increase.
Q # 9 Give a brief account of the poor economic
conditions prevailing in under-developed
countries?
The under developed countries are poor in
economic resources. They lack modern facilities of
life. They suffer from lack of water, power and oil.
Their cities and villages teem with beggars. They
have defective roads and railways.
THE JEWEL OF THE WORLD - 10
Q # 1 Give an account of the early career of Abd-al-
Rahman-I.
 The Syrian troops accepted him their leader. Spain
came to his subjection. He prepared and army of
40,000 Berbers and adopted the title of ‘Amir’.
He beautified the cities of his domain, built an
aqueduct for the supply of pure water to the capital
, got constructed a wall around the capital and got
erected a palace for himself.
Q # 2 Give an account of the dramatic escape and his
adventures in Africa.
He escaped from a Bedouin camp, saved his life by
diving into the River Euphrates and reached
Palestine afoot, friendless and penniless. From
there he again escaped from the Governor and
finally wandering tribe to tribe reached Ceuta
where he got refuge. First of all the Syrian troops
accepted him
Q # 3 How did Abd-ur-Rahman deal with the
governor appointed by the Abbasid caliph to
contest his rule?
He dealt the Governor high handedly. He cut his
head, preserved it in slat and camphor and sent it
to the Abbasid calips in a letter of appointment.
Q # 4 What did the Abbasid caliph say on receiving
the head of his governor?
He said: “Thanks to Allah for having placed the
sea between us and such a foe!”
Q # 5 What did Abd-al-Rahman do to make himself
strong and to beautify his capital?
He strengthened himself by preparing an army of
40,000 Berbers and got their loyalties by generous
pay. He beautified his capital by building an
aqueduct for the supply of pure water to the capital
, got constructed a wall around the capital and got
erected for himself a palace where exotic plant
were planted.
Q # 6 Give an account of the all round progress made
by the Arabs under Abd-al-Rahman –III
Under the rule of Abd-al-Rahman, Cordova
became the most cultured city in Europe. There
were one hundred and thirteen thousand homes,
twenty-one suburbs, seventy libraries, numerous
shops, palaces and mosques. The streets were
illuminated by lights. Whenever the rulers of other
states needed a surgeon, an architect, a master
singer or a dress maker, it was Cordova to that
they applied. Weaving, embossing, leather
technology, rearing of silk worms as well as
glassware and brass work were at their climax.
Q # 7 What did Al-Hakam do to promote learning
and scholarship in his kingdom?
He always showed generosity to scholars. He
established twenty-seven free schools in the
capital, founded University of Cordova. He invited
professors from the East and set aside endowments
for their salaries. He housed a library that had
400,000 books. He showed love towards books
and writers and spent a lot both on books and
scholars.
FIRST YEAR AT HARROW - 11
Q # 1 What sort of questions are asked by your
examiners?
The Writer says that the examiners ask question
which students cannot answer and not those which
they can answer. Is the complaint just?
Q # 2 Why did not Churchill do well in examinations?
He loved to be examined in history, poetry and
writing essays where as the examiners mostly
examined him in mathematics and Latin and these
were the subjects which Churchill fancied least so
he was unable to do well in the examinations.
Q # 3 How did he do his Latin paper?
He was unable to answer even a single question.
He just wrote down the question “I" and after
much reflection he put a bracket round it..
Q # 4 Churchill was taught English at Harrow and
not Latin and Greek. Was it a gain or loss?
He got an immense advantage over the other boys
who learnt Latin and Greek because they had to
come down to common English whereas Churchill
had English in his bones.
Q # 5 What good did his three years stay at Harrow
do him?
He learnt English thoroughly and got into his
bones the essential structure of the English
sentence and he had not face any trouble in earning
his living or making his way in life.
Q # 6 In after years how did the knowledge of English
stand him in good stead?
The knowledge of English gave him an advantage
in a way that other students had to come down to
learn English to earn their living but he had not
face any trouble in earning his living or making his
way in life.
HITCH HIKING ACROSS THE SAHARA - 12
Q # 1 Give an idea of the size of the Sahara. How does
the writer compare it with England?
It is many times bigger than the UK and it
stretches almost to the complete width of North
Africa. The writer compares its width with
England through an assumption: "If a giant were to
pick England up and put it down in the middle of
the Sahara, we should have quite a task."
Q # 2 What had Christopher's foster mother to do
with his desire to see distant places?
The threats of his foster mother to send him to
Timbuktu aroused in him a keen desire to see this
distant place.
Q # 3 How did he manage to get a seat in the weapons
carrier?
He got lift in the weapons carrier by showing an
expired permit which entitled him to join FFL for a
short period to collect material for an article.
Q # 4 What was the most noticeable feature of the
desert city, named Ghardaia?
The typical feature of Ghardaia is that flies are
stickier than they are anywhere. Every edible was
covered with flies and they followed the edibles
right into the mouth.
Q # 5 How did they manage to drive the heavy truck
in the trackless desert with its soft sand?
Whenever the sand became too soft, they got down
the truck, dragged ten-foot strips of mesh steel, put
them under the wheel. When the truck reached the
harder ground, they collected to the steel strips and
went ahead.
Q # 6 What did the driver of the truck tell
Christopher about three Englishmen who had
attempted to cross the desert?
He told Christopher that the three Englishmen tried
to cross the dessert but their car was stuck in a
sand dune and the three were found dried like dry
leaves.
Q # 7 Give an account of the little town, named El
Golea, and compare it with In Salah, bringing
out the difference between the two.
Al Golea was a true example of an oasis. There
was plenty of water there. It had a lot of shady
palm trees with fruit and the grass was quite cool.
Whereas In Salah was being covered with sand.
Water was not of good quality and there was no
tree at all.
Q#8 What do you know of Professor Claude
Balangernon? How did he save the hero's life
towards the end of hitch hiking?
Professor Claude Balangernon was the French who
had adapted himself to the habits of the Tuareg to
help them. He had succeeded in convincing the
people that education would be useful.
Q # 9 Describe the events leading to the killing of a
camel. What sort of water did they get from the
camel's stomach?
While moving to Kidal, water supply ended. They
found the 1st and the 2nd well dried and the 3rd was
at a distance of two days. So they were compelled
to slaughter a camel. The water they got from the
slaughtered camel was a greenish fluid like thin
blood. It was so stinky that Christopher had to hold
his nose while drinking it.
Q # 10 Describe the journey through the land of Thirst
and Death.
The journey was very risky. The caravan had to
face a sand storm. The sand particles pinned like
needles. Sand piled on them. Christopher fell from
his camel and got injured. While collecting stone, a
snake attacked to sting him.
Q # 11 Describe the stay at In Abbangarit. How did
Christopher manage to get water there?
He stayed in a bordj and kept on picturing himself
dying of thirst and hunger if the Professor did not
arrive in one or two days. He managed to get water
from the well drawing pot-full after pot-full with
the help of a teapot tied with a cord made with
strips of turban cloth and the thin wire of the
recording machine.
SIR ALEXANDER FLEMING - 13
Q # 1 What are antiseptics and what is the antiseptic
method?
The chemicals that are used to destroy germs are
called antiseptics. The killing of germs through
antiseptics is called the antiseptic method.
Q # 2 What was the chief defect of antiseptic method?
Antiseptic method kills both germs and also the
cells of the body.
Q # 3 What part is played by the white cells in the
blood of a human body?
The white blood cells serve as the natural armour
of a human body. When a germ enters the body,
the white blood cells attack it to kill it.
Q # 4 Give an account of the early life of Fleming.
He was born on 6 August, 1881. His father died
when he was 7. He was youngest of the family of
eight. He got his early education in Darvel School
and Kilmarnock Academy. Till fourteen he studied
at Regent Street Polytechnic. At sixteen, he took a
job as a clerk in Leaden hall Street for four year.
At twenty, he got a share in a legacy and went into
medicine at St. Mary's.
Q # 5 Describe how Fleming discovered penicillin.
Once while conducting experiments on
staphylococcus, a mould spore dropped on the
plate and it began to kill the microbes. This chance
incident made him conduct a series of other
experiments and he succeeded in discovering
penicillin.
Q # 6 In what respect is penicillin better than the
chemical antiseptics?
It is three times stronger than all the chemical
antiseptics and it has no toxic effect on leucocytes.
Q # 7 What do you know of the Oxford team?
It is the team that solved the problem of
concentrating penicillin.
Q # 8 How did they make penicillin more effective?
The Oxford team made penicillin more effective
by concentrating it through the help of trained
chemists and bacteriologist.
Q # 9 Write a note on penicillin as a wonder drug.
Penicillin was hailed as a wonder drug. It healed
the wounds rapidly. It saved countless lives. It
reached the Egyptian army and healed the wounds
of wounded soldiers. It was three times stronger
than carbolic acid. It was also harmless to white
cells of blood
Q # 10 Was Fleming proud of his discovery?
No, he was not proud of his discovery, rather he
said:"Nature makes penicillin. I just found it."
Q # 11 Why couldn't penicillin have been discovered in
the research laboratories of America?
Penicillin could not have been discovered in the
American laboratories for they were dustless,
sterilized and air conditioned and no spore could
get there to contaminate the culture plates.
Q # 12 Fleming's achievement paved the way for other
discoveries in the medical field. What are they?
The other discoveries which are the result of
Fleming's achievement are :antibiotic and
streptomycin.
LOUIS PASTEUR - 14
Q # 1 Describe the early life of Pasteur.
He was born in 1822 and he joined Communal
College but he did not show any interest in books
or study. However, he spent his time in fishing and
making sketches of his friends. Later on he
developed a keen love for learning. He graduated
in science and arts from Besancon and he was
given a post on the college staff.
Q # 2 Give some instances of Pasteur's patriotism.
He enrolled himself in the National Guard. He
once placed his whole worldly belongings for the
welfare. He surrounded his diploma when France
and Germany plunged inot war. He also asked the
University of Bone to remove his name from the
Faculty of the university.
Q # 3 What do we mean by spontaneous generation?
Spontaneous generation means the generation of
bacteria in a substance.
Q # 4 How did Pasteur prove that spontaneous
generation was not a fact?
He proved so with the help of experiments before
the commission.
Q # 5 Describe the importance and popularity of the
silkworm industry in France. What help did
Pasteur render in curing the silkworm disease
in his country?
Silkworm industry was the chief industry of
France. Every family set aside the best room for
the rearing of silkworms. The common greetings
on meeting a friend was: "How are your silkworms
doing?" Pasteur helped the people by advising
them to avoid overcrowding, unclean environment,
over heating and unhealthy conditions as these
things weakened the worms and they were liable to
the disease.
Q # 6 How did Pasteur discover the treatment for the
cattle disease, Anthrax?
He cultivated the anthrax bacillus that was mildly
poisonous and proved the weakened germs
introduced to animals' blood give rise to slight
symptoms of the disease but protect it against it.
Q # 7 How did Pasteur discover the method of
making vaccines?
He prepared the attenuated germs of the fowl
cholera and inculcated various birds with them. He
found that the birds showed some signs of the
 disease but recovered. When the same birds were
inoculated with virulent germs, the birds resisted
and recovered. He reached the conclusion that
weakened germs give slight symptoms but protect
against the virulent.
Q # 8 Give an account of Pasteur's treatment of
Hydrophobia and how he cured the first patient
suffering from it?
He took the nervous tissues of an animal that had
hydrophobia and he attenuated the germs of the
disease for fourteen days and inoculated the
attenuated germs into dogs that were protected
against the disease. Then Joseph Meister was first
human who was inoculated for ten days. He didn't
show any sign of the disease.
Q # 9 How did Pasteur show the way to other
scientist? Give an account of the discoveries.
Pasteur showed the other scientists by exposing the
attenuating method. As a result of his method, the
germs of consumption, diphtheria, typhoid, lock
jaw, cholera, Malta fever, malaria, yellow fever
were discovered and various vaccines were also
prepared.
MUSTAFA KAMAL - 15
Q # 1 What was the attitude of the Turkish
government towards the Allies after World War
I?
They were eager to collaborate with the Allies.
Q # 2 Why was Mustafa Kamal sent to Anatolia?
He was sent to Anatolia to cope with the
aggression of the Turks.
Q # 3 What was the reaction of the Turkish patriots
to the intention of the Allies to partition the
Ottoman Empire?
They were infuriated and the flames of the
indignation started burning the hearts.
Q # 4 Write a note on Mustafa Kamal's activities in
Anatolia.
He met the commander, sketched out the resistance
plan, toured the villages to preach resistance, and
appointed the representatives to form centers of
revolt.
Q # 5 Why did Mehmet order Mustafa Kamal to
return to Constantinople?
When her heard of his activities, he ordered him to
return as soon as possible and he thought that the
best interests of Turkey was co-operation with the
powerful conquerors.
Q # 6 What was Mustafa Kamal's reply?
His reply urged him to come over to Anatolia and
himself take the lead against the Greek as it would
be his last chance to save himself, the Throne of
his forefathers and the Turkish nation.
Q # 7 How did Mehmet try to regain Anatolia for
himself?
He tried to regain Anatolia by playing a befooling
trick. He proclaimed his willingness to summon a
government pleasing to the Nationalist.
Q # 8 Why did his plan fail?
Mustafa Kamal gathered a large army. The Allied
force began to retreat. The patriots occupied the
evacuated cities. The National Assembly was
dissolved. The patriots, who went to the National
Assembly, joined Mustafa Kamal.
Q # 9 What were the terms offered to Turkey by the
Allies?
(a) The Ottoman Empire was to be entirely under
the supervision powers. (b) All the Arab provinces
were to become mandated Territories. (c) The
whole of Anatolia was to be added to the state of
Armenia. (d) Around Azmir there would be a large
Greek District. (e) The capital would remain under
the control of British, France and Italy.
Q # 10 Give an account of the Greek attack and its
defeat.
The Greek attacked Turkey on 21st August 1921.
The two nations fought man to man for fourteen
days. At last, the Greeks fled away from the battle
field. Mustafa Kamal entered Azmir as a victorious
leader.
Q # 11 Give an account of the departure of Mehmet
from Istanbul.
King Mehmet was brought out of the palace and
placed in the car by a British officer. The Sultan
was on his way to exile. His kingdom was put to
an end by the will of the people.
Q # 12 Describe the reforms introduced by Mustafa
Kamal with reference to the position of women.
(1) Mustafa Kamal emancipated women from the
slavery of men. He urged women to work shoulder
to shoulder with men.(2) He abolished veil system
among the woman. (3) He opened new schools and
colleges to educate women.
Q # 13 Describe the reforms introduced by Mustafa
Kamal with reference to removal illiteracy.
(a) He abolished the Arabic script and replaced it
by the Roman script. (b) He simplified the Turkish
Language. He removed all the Arabic and Persian
words from it.
Q # 14 Describe the reforms introduced by Mustafa
Kamal with reference to change in dress.
Fez was national head-dress of Turkey. It was
Greek in origin but it had made a close link with
Turkish life. In 1925, Mustafa Kamal abolished the
wearing of the Fez. The wearing of hats was made
necessary. He also abolished of veils by women.
Q # 15 Describe the reforms introduced by Mustafa
Kamal with reference to adoption of the Roman
script.
Mustafa Kamal replaced old script by Roman
script. He made tours to teach people how to use
the new script. He fixed the date by which
everyone was to have learnt the new script.
Q # 16 Describe the reforms introduced by Mustafa
Kamal with reference to the industrial and
economic development.
(a) He started a five year plan. (b) He inaugurated
great development and construction schemes in the
field of railways and motor roads. (c) He set up
new factories and mills. He organized the banking
system.
 disease but recovered. When the same birds were
inoculated with virulent germs, the birds resisted
and recovered. He reached the conclusion that
weakened germs give slight symptoms but protect
against the virulent.
Q # 8 Give an account of Pasteur's treatment of
Hydrophobia and how he cured the first patient
suffering from it?
He took the nervous tissues of an animal that had
hydrophobia and he attenuated the germs of the
disease for fourteen days and inoculated the
attenuated germs into dogs that were protected
against the disease. Then Joseph Meister was first
human who was inoculated for ten days. He didn't
show any sign of the disease.
Q # 9 How did Pasteur show the way to other
scientist? Give an account of the discoveries.
Pasteur showed the other scientists by exposing the
attenuating method. As a result of his method, the
germs of consumption, diphtheria, typhoid, lock
jaw, cholera, Malta fever, malaria, yellow fever
were discovered and various vaccines were also
prepared.
MUSTAFA KAMAL - 15
Q # 1 What was the attitude of the Turkish
government towards the Allies after World War
I?
They were eager to collaborate with the Allies.
Q # 2 Why was Mustafa Kamal sent to Anatolia?
He was sent to Anatolia to cope with the
aggression of the Turks.
Q # 3 What was the reaction of the Turkish patriots
to the intention of the Allies to partition the
Ottoman Empire?
They were infuriated and the flames of the
indignation started burning the hearts.
Q # 4 Write a note on Mustafa Kamal's activities in
Anatolia.
He met the commander, sketched out the resistance
plan, toured the villages to preach resistance, and
appointed the representatives to form centers of
revolt.
Q # 5 Why did Mehmet order Mustafa Kamal to
return to Constantinople?
When her heard of his activities, he ordered him to
return as soon as possible and he thought that the
best interests of Turkey was co-operation with the
powerful conquerors.
Q # 6 What was Mustafa Kamal's reply?
His reply urged him to come over to Anatolia and
himself take the lead against the Greek as it would
be his last chance to save himself, the Throne of
his forefathers and the Turkish nation.
Q # 7 How did Mehmet try to regain Anatolia for
himself?
He tried to regain Anatolia by playing a befooling
trick. He proclaimed his willingness to summon a
government pleasing to the Nationalist.
Q # 8 Why did his plan fail?
Mustafa Kamal gathered a large army. The Allied
force began to retreat. The patriots occupied the
evacuated cities. The National Assembly was
dissolved. The patriots, who went to the National
Assembly, joined Mustafa Kamal.
Q # 9 What were the terms offered to Turkey by the
Allies?
(a) The Ottoman Empire was to be entirely under
the supervision powers. (b) All the Arab provinces
were to become mandated Territories. (c) The
whole of Anatolia was to be added to the state of
Armenia. (d) Around Azmir there would be a large
Greek District. (e) The capital would remain under
the control of British, France and Italy.
Q # 10 Give an account of the Greek attack and its
defeat.
The Greek attacked Turkey on 21st August 1921.
The two nations fought man to man for fourteen
days. At last, the Greeks fled away from the battle
field. Mustafa Kamal entered Azmir as a victorious
leader.
Q # 11 Give an account of the departure of Mehmet
from Istanbul.
King Mehmet was brought out of the palace and
placed in the car by a British officer. The Sultan
was on his way to exile. His kingdom was put to
an end by the will of the people.
Q # 12 Describe the reforms introduced by Mustafa
Kamal with reference to the position of women.
(1) Mustafa Kamal emancipated women from the
slavery of men. He urged women to work shoulder
to shoulder with men.(2) He abolished veil system
among the woman. (3) He opened new schools and
colleges to educate women.
Q # 13 Describe the reforms introduced by Mustafa
Kamal with reference to removal illiteracy.
(a) He abolished the Arabic script and replaced it
by the Roman script. (b) He simplified the Turkish
Language. He removed all the Arabic and Persian
words from it.
Q # 14 Describe the reforms introduced by Mustafa
Kamal with reference to change in dress.
Fez was national head-dress of Turkey. It was
Greek in origin but it had made a close link with
Turkish life. In 1925, Mustafa Kamal abolished the
wearing of the Fez. The wearing of hats was made
necessary. He also abolished of veils by women.
Q # 15 Describe the reforms introduced by Mustafa
Kamal with reference to adoption of the Roman
script.
Mustafa Kamal replaced old script by Roman
script. He made tours to teach people how to use
the new script. He fixed the date by which
everyone was to have learnt the new script.
Q # 16 Describe the reforms introduced by Mustafa
Kamal with reference to the industrial and
economic development.
(a) He started a five year plan. (b) He inaugurated
great development and construction schemes in the
field of railways and motor roads. (c) He set up
new factories and mills. He organized the banking
system.