CROSS-SPECIALIZATION

TRAINING FOR GRADES 7-10

SCIENCE TEACHERS

Session 3
How and why objects
Move

SCIENCE DOMAIN: Physics

Prepared by:

IMELDA D. QUIBAN
Head Teacher V
National Capital Region/ Division of Makati City
Department of Education
 Objectives

At the end of the session, the teachers should be able to:

1. define motion, speed, velocity acceleration;
2. measure the speed, of a moving object;
3. describe the motion of an object in terms of distance, displacements, speed o,
velocity and acceleration;
4. describe Newton’s Laws of Motion; and
5. create and interpret visual presentation of the motions of the objects in a graph.

Key Understandings

1. The relative motion of an object is determined in relation to a reference point.

2. All statement about motion depends on the observer’s frame of reference.
3. The distance and direction of an object’s motion from the starting point straight
to the endpoint is the objects displacement.
4. The speed of an object tells quickly the object changes position
5. Speed can be determined using speed=distance/time
6. Velocity is the speed and the direction of the motion.
7. The motion of an object can be represented by a graph.
8. Any change in velocity is an acceleration
9. Acceleration can be calculated using acceleration=final speed-original speed
/time.
10. Deceleration is decrease in speed.
11. Newton’s Second Law f Motion [Force = mass x acceleration]
F=ma ; a=F/m ; m=F/a
12. Force –the secret of acceleration

Materials
Time Allotment
10 tablets , internet connectivity
Internet connectivity. 4hours
REFERENCE:

Physics Classroom, 2018. Accessed October 1,

2018.https://www.physicsclassroom.com/Physics-Interactives/1-D-
Kinematics/Vector-Walk/Vector-Walk-Interactive

Stephen P. and Whitehead P. 1996. “Force – The Secret of Acceleration.”C-Ordinated

SCIENCE Physics, Second Edition
Oxford University Press ,Walton Street, Oxford ox2 6DP, Oxford New York

DepEd Curriculum Guide 2016

Asuncion, A. et al 2016. “Describing Motion.” DepEd Science Teachers Guide Science

Grade 7, First Edition 2016. FILCOLS.

DepEd Learners Guide Science Grade 7

First Edition2016

www.java.com

https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category

Phet Simulation, 2018. Accessed October 1, 2018.

phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/by-device/ipad-tablet/movingman
Procedure

The Facilitator greets and welcomes the participants. She starts by presenting the
overview of the topics in the curriculum guide from grade 6 Learning competencies
including the sub-tasked competencies n Motion and Force followed by the Grades 7 to
9 for them to see the continuity of the topics in the different grades level. She pointed
out the importance of sticking on what was in the competencies because of the lack of
preparedness of students and on the trust of DepEd in the spiral approach in teaching
Science which is from the basic to the most complex.

Activity Proper
The facilitator presents some misconceptions related to motion for the purpose of
diagnosing their knowledge about the concepts of motion and forces.

She will introduce the session topic by stating the title, its objectives, and naming
and identifying the materials to be used. Likewise discuss the different procedures of
the activities including the different guide questions to be answered by the
participants. She also pointed out that the activity has to be done in 25 minutes and
the leaders have to present their outputs including their answers to the guide
questions. Lastly, the Facilitator group the participants into 5 and distribute the
different materials to the group leaders.

Group#: ___________________ Rating: ______________

Activity No. 1
Vector Walk

Objectives:

1. Describe the motion of an object in terms of distance and displacement

2. Determine the distance and displacement of an object
Procedures:
1. In Google search engine box, open the website needed for this activity by
typing in “VECTOR WALK INTERACTIVE THE PHYSICS CLASSROOM”

2. Click the first link on the list to open the interactive activity
3. In the website, click “LAUNCH INTERACTIVE”

Click
this

4. Click “BEGIN ACTIVITY”

5. There will be 3 activities that will

be accomplished namely:
a. Car in a parking lot
 b. Cross country Skier
c. Shopping cart in aisle

Activity Proper

A. Car in a Parking Lot

1. A car in a parking lot travels back and forth in an effort to find a good parking
place. Tap the START button to view the motion.
2. Watch carefully the movement of the car and record each car’s movement to
answer the questions that follow
2.1 What is the OVERALL DISTANCE travelled by the car?
___________
2.2. What is the OVERALL DISPLACEMENT? ____________

B. Cross Country Skier

1. A cross country skier is moving back and forth along a golf course. Tap the
START button to view the motion.
2. Watch carefully the movement of the skier and record each skier’s movement
to answer the questions that follow
2.1 What is the OVERALL DISTANCE travelled by the skier?
___________
2.2. What is the OVERALL DISPLACEMENT? ____________

C. Shopping Cart in Aisle

1. A grocery cart I pushed back and forth down an aisle of a grocery store. Tap
the START button to view the motion.
2. Watch carefully the movement of the grocery cart and record each grocery
cart’s movement to answer the questions that follow
2.1 What is the OVERALL DISTANCE travelled by the grocery cart?
___________
2.2. What is the OVERALL DISPLACEMENT? ____________
 Activity 2
The Moving Man
Objectives:
In this activity, you should be able to:
1. describe the position of the man using the graph with regards to the velocity,
time and distance
2. draw a graph related to the velocity, time and distance
3. identify the relationship of velocity, time and distance
Procedures:
1. Copy the files (java and The moving man) to the presenter. Install the

program.
Figure 1. The Moving Man
Consider the Figure 1. The position of the objects are described in the
coordinates along the number line.

Q1. What is the initial position of the Moving Man?

Q2. What is the position of the house?
Q3. What is the position of the tree?
Q4. What is the position of the house with respect to the tree?

2. Set the velocity of the program based on the table below.

3. After getting the needed data, reset the program. Then, input the velocity
provided again.
4. Answer and complete the table. Find the position of the Moving Man using the
time provided.

Velocity Time Position

2 m/s 1 sec.
2 m/s 2 sec.
2 m/s 3 sec.
2 m/s 4 sec.
Table 1. Position vs. Time
Q5. With the same amount of velocity, what happens to the position in meter if
the time increases?
Q6. What do you think will happen if the time decreases?

5. Plot the values in table 1 as point on the graph in Figure 2. below. Note that
time is plotted on the X- axis while the position is plotted on the Y- axis.
 6. Connect the points in a line on the graph.
The graph that you have to draw in this figure is called Position – Time Graph.
You can also use this graph to describe the position of the man at a given
time.

7. Try to change the velocity in 3 m/s with the same time (1 sec).
Q7. What happens to the position? Did it increase or decrease?

Q8. Comparing the results you have found out, how will you describe the
relationship of the velocity to the position the man (distance) and the time?

ACTIVITY No. 3
NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION
I. Objectives:
At the end of the activity you should be able to:
1. Describe the three laws of motion using the PheT Interactive Simulations
2. Design an activity about the three laws of motion.
II. Materials:
Tablets or laptops
III. Procedure:
A. Law of Inertia
1. Open the tablet
2. Click the PheT app

3. Click the search panel button then type FORCES AND MOTION: BASICS then cl
 ick
4. Click ACCELERATION panel

5. Drag the wooden box on the platform.

6. Click and drag the BLUE BOTTON to the right until a 500 newton force is
applied.
 7. As the box is moving drag the BLUE BUTTON to the left until a -500
newton force is applied and until the box will stop.

Guide Questions
.
1. What happen to box when you apply force on it?
2. As the box move then suddenly you apply an opposite force against the
motion of the box, what will happen to the box?
3. Base on the simulation describe the first law of motion, the law of inertia
B. Law of Acceleration

1. Click the SUM OF FORCES, VALUES, MASSES, AND ACCELERATION button.

2. Drag the wooden box on the platform then drag the pail of water with a mass of
100 kg on top of the box.
3. Click and drag the BLUE BOTTON to the right until a 500 Newton force is applied

4. Observe the SUM OF FORCES, ACCELERATION AND MASS

5. Drag again the child with a mass of 40 kg. on the top of a pail of water
 6. Click and drag the BLUE BOTTON to the right until a 500 Newton force is
applied?

7. Observe the SUM OF FORCES, ACCELERATION AND MASS

Guide Questions

1. What is the acceleration of the box with the pail of water on top?
2. What is the acceleration of the box with the pail of water and a child on top?
3. How is mass of the object related to its acceleration?
4. Base on the simulation describe the second law of motion, the law of
acceleration

C. Law of Interaction
1. Click the RESET BUTTON to remove the checked icon

3. Click and drag the BLUE BUTTON to the right.

 4. Observe the force applied

Guide Questions.

1. Is there a force applied by the box on the man?

2. What is the magnitude of the two forces? Are they equal?
3. Base on the simulation describe the third law of motion, the law of
interaction.

ANALYSIS

The participants present their outputs and answers on the guide questions.

Activity no.1
A.
2.1 What is the OVERALL DISTANCE travelled by the car?
___________
2.2. What is the OVERALL DISPLACEMENT? ____________
B.
2.1 What is the OVERALL DISTANCE travelled by the skier? __
2.2. What is the OVERALL DISPLACEMENT? ____________
C. 2.1 What is the OVERALL DISTANCE travelled by the grocery cart?
___________
2.2. What is the OVERALL DISPLACEMENT? ____________
Activity no. 2

Q1. What is the initial position of the Moving Man?

Q2. What is the position of the house?
Q3. What is the position of the tree?
Q4. What is the position of the house with respect to the tree?
Q5. With the same amount of velocity, what happens to the position in meter if
the time increases?
Q6. What do you think will happen if the time decreases?
Q7. What happens to the position? Did it increase or decrease?
Q8. Comparing the results you have found out, how will you describe the
relationship of the velocity to the position the man (distance) and the time?

Activity no.3

Inertia
1. What happen to box when you apply force on it?
2. As the box move then suddenly you apply an opposite force against
the motion of the box, what will happen to the box?
3. Base on the simulation describe the first law of motion, the law of
inertia

Acceleration

1. What is the acceleration of the box with the pail of water on top?
2. What is the acceleration of the box with the pail of water and a child on top?
3. How is mass of the object related to its acceleration?
4. Base on the simulation describe the second law of motion, the law of
acceleration
Interaction
1. Is there a force applied by the box on the man?
2. What is the magnitude of the two forces? Are they equal?
3. Base on the simulation describe the third law of motion, the law of
interaction.
ABSTRACTION

1. The speed of an object tells quickly the object changes position

2. Speed can be determined using speed=distance/time
3. Average speed is the total distance divided by the total time.
4. Velocity is the speed and the direction of the motion
5. The relative motion of an object is determined in relation to a reference point.
6. All statement about motion depends on the observer’s frame of reference.
7. The distance and direction of an object’s motion from the starting point
straight to the endpoint is the objects displacement.
8. The velocity is directly proportional to the position or distance and inversely
proportional to the time.
9. As the velocity increases the distance also increases with a specified time
or vice versa.
10. As the velocity increases the time decreases with a specified distance or vice
versa.
11. Law of Inertia : In law of inertia the object at rest will not move if you will not
apply force on it. And if the object is moving it will continue to move and will
not stop unless you applied outside force on it.
12. Law of Acceleration: As the mass increases the acceleration decreases,
therefore mass and acceleration are inversely related if the net force is
constant. The acceleration of the object is directly proportional to the
magnitude of the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
13. Law of Interaction: The force given by the man is also equal to force given by
the box to the man

Application

Design an activity on motion

Create and interpret visual presentation of motions of an object in a graph.

“If you want it, measure it.

If you can’t measure it, forget it.”

– Peter Drucker

WHAT GETS MEASURED GETS DONE