Civil engineering :

Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and
maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams,
and buildings.

The functions of the civil engineer can be divided into three categories:

pre-construction : services are used in planning a construction project before the actual
construction begins

feasibility studies : an assessment of the practicality of a proposed plan or method.

‫ تقييم للتطبيق العملي لخطة أو طريقة مقترحة‬:‫دراسات الجدوى‬.

preliminary site investigation : Determining the risk of site contamination is the first stage and is
referred to as a Preliminary Site Investigation (PSI)

‫ تحديد مخاطر التلوث الموقع هو المرحلة األولى ويشار إلى التحقيق الموقع األولي (يسي‬:‫)التحقيق األولي في الموقع‬

detailed design: is the last design activity before implementation begins

one the detailed design is complete construction can begin.

those carried out during construction

(dealing with customers: to make business agreements with customers

consulting engineers contact with contractors:

Employment of consulting engineer: to be responsible for design of the works supplying

specifications drawings(dimensions and measurements)

Extensive site investigation: study of the proposed location to assess geology of the
area
‫تحقيق واسع النطاق في الموقع‬

and post-construction

(maintenance and research: is carried out by the contractor as part of the agreement after the
project to ensure problems are solved

A civil engineer is responsible for the use of his civil engineering to plan and supervise various
construction efforts in many areas of this field.

Duties and responsibilities:

to provide detailed fact finding, research and analysis‫ والبحث والتحليل‬،‫لتوفير الحقائق المفصلة‬
to provide support for less experienced staff‫لتوفير الدعم للموظفين األقل خبرة‬

to develop computer models, including detailed and potentially complex spreadsheet analysis

‫ بما في ذلك تحليل جداول البيانات المفصلة والمعقدة‬،‫لتطوير نماذج حاسوبية‬

to assist with engagement plannig activities including the development of draft work plans and
budgets

‫للمساعدة في أنشطة المشاركة بما في ذلك وضع مشاريع خطط العمل والميزانيات‬

to prepare client communications for senior level review ‫إلعداد اتصاالت العمالء من أجل االستعراض الرفيع‬
‫المستوى‬

Soil mechanics: extensive investigation to evaluate the load-bearing qualities and stability of the
ground. ‫ تحقيق واسع النطاق لتقييم الصفات الحاملة واستقرار األرض‬:‫ميكانيكا التربة‬.

Turnkey project: building which is built, supplied or installed complete and ready to operate.

‫ تزويد أو تثبيت كاملة وجاهزة للعمل‬،‫ المبنى الذي بني‬:‫مشروع تسليم المفتاح‬.

Commission a project: to order a plan to be carried out ‫ أن تأمر خطة لتنفيذها‬:‫لجنة مشروع‬

Costing system: procedure to monitor the costs of a project so that management can get information
on development ‫ إجراءات لمراقبة تكاليف المشروع بحيث يمكن لإلدارة الحصول على معلومات عن التنمية‬:‫نظام التكاليف‬

Tender: offer of a bid for an engineering contract ‫ تقديم عطاء لعقد هندسي‬:‫المناقصة‬