LAGUNA UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

ARDUINO-BASED DASHBOARD CAMERA

WITH
COLLISION AND LANE DETECTION

A Project Presented to the Faculty of the

Department of Information Technology
Laguna University

In Partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the

Subject Human Computer Interface

Rhomnel, Saguinsin P.
Montesines, Ann Caolin S.
Zaguirre, Jennifer T.

May 2019
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

Today technologies can be defined as the heart of the society. We use

technology on a daily basis to accomplish specific task or interest. Technology used to
make our life easier and faster. The young generation use those technological advances
at incredibly faster and more successful than he previous generation. Nowadays
technologies is more effective and easy to use for people. Technology has impacted the
modern transportation. Transportation has become faster like individuals can move rapidly
starting with one place then on to the next. In the past, people cannot travel as rapidly as
today because of not having enough modern transportation. It takes just a few hours to
travel nowadays, so this lead to people travel more. Individuals can get information easily
about their cultures like what they wear, what they eat, and how they behave. This is how
some people’s custom has been changed.

As part of the fast growing innovations today about computer visual technologies
. How computers react on what they see. Computers may be smart somehow they are
blind because computer only can store and retrieve data , manipulate it and give reports
unlike a person that have fast instinct and fast perspective on what do they see and what
do they feel. As part of the computer visual technologies OPENCV (Open Source
Computer Visual ) this technology opens the gate for developers to easy manipulate
computer visual. This technology teaches the computer to see objects the building block
of the visual world, in the simplest terms that requires a training images of a particular
objects , design a model comes from the training images. In this kind of technology an
advance learning of computer images recognition, a machine learning concept, an
artificial intelligence to determine objects between computer visual and object models to
give the probability of object classification.

Next-generation technologies are changing the ways we travel, how we define

transportation and mobility options. We travel faster but we are also fortunate to have
better-quality, more comfortable accommodations together with helpful tools and apps
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that let us do it more frequently. Technology has forever changed the way billions travel
either for pleasure or business. , AI, electronic payments, social media and so on have,
for better and worse, affected travel in incalculable ways. One of the major challenges of
the next generation of road transportation vehicles is to increase the safety of the
passengers and of pedestrians

Machine learning is an application of artificial intelligence (AI) that provides

systems the ability to automatically learn and improve from experience without being
explicitly programmed. Machine learning focuses on the development of computer
programs that can access data and use it learn for themselves. The process of learning
begins with observations or data, such as examples, direct experience, or instruction, in
order to look for patterns in data and make better decisions in the future based on the
examples that we provide. The primary aim is to allow the computers learn
automatically without human intervention or assistance and adjust actions accordingly.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence processes by

machines, especially computer systems. Artificial intelligence must have access to
objects, categories, properties and relations between all of them to implement
knowledge engineering. Initiating common sense, reasoning and problem-solving power
in machines is a difficult and tedious task.
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Project Context
Arduino dashboard camera is an optical system with camera which has been
design for vehicles such as for wheel cars, motorcycles and etc. to have a preliminary
warning. This system prevents the accidents by warning the drivers in 1 to 2 seconds.
Which is very important period on crashes. When the drivers lose their attention. It has
been determined by polls that 84 percent of accidents happen on a straight road and on
bright weather. It is the preventive system of warning the drivers in those crucial 2
seconds when they lose their attention. It is a both audio and visual warning equipment
has a camera module and a piezo. The equipment warns the driver audio visually in any
lane violation or any attention lost happens. By camera the system estimates the
distance between the 2 vehicles or other any object . System calculating the distance
and estimated the time impact between the vehicles. It either warns by green or red
colored lightings. The proposed dashcam also warns by an alarm sound before accident.
When the 2 vehicles get too close or the distance being lowered. The device doesn’t
warn when the drivers gives signal or it warns when the driver doesn’t use signal. The
camera renders in visual images. One of the important point is that camera has to see
the lanes. This doesn’t work on roads which have no traffic lanes. Assembling the
system does not alter the vehicles originality and does not damage the vehicle.
Purpose and Description

This study is intended to address the problems that arise in the manual
process. The following are the beneficiaries of the proposed system which is the
Fabric Color Segregator Using Arduino Color Sensor.

To the Family Member. The device will provide an easier and faster way
to sort fabric automatically. That will gives the in charge person to perform other
important stuff that makes the time maximize.
To the Laundry Shops. It will very beneficial to the business owner due
to a promising functionality to sort colors in laundry that will makes works
convenient and reliable.
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To the Local Government Unit. LGU will benefit by this kind of works
and devices because more business will opens especially laundry shops that
increase income and productivity of the city.

To the Researchers. It will be a great help to the development of the

researchers skills and knowledge in creating the device using Arduino and C++
Programming.
To the Future Researchers. This study can aid the future researcher by
source of reference and by enhancing the device.

Objectives of the Study

The general objective of the study is to design and develop a device that
would make the laundry easier and faster to sort the color of the clothes by using
the Fabric Color Segregator Using Arduino Color Sensor efficiently.

Specifically, the study aimed:

1. To provide every household a device that will make works convenient and
reliable.
2. To promote a new technology that will engage in laundering.
3. To evaluate the Fabric Color Segregator on how efficient and effective it is
in doing its works.

Research Framework

The Researchers determined the process and requirements of every

household as well as in laundry shop. It also determined the current process
being performed in order to develop and design the Fabric Color Segmentation
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Using Arduino Color Sensor. The Researchers used theoretical and conceptual
framework to analyze the problem and identified the current process in
developing the proposed device as shown in Figure 1.

Theoretical Framework

The theoretical framework serves as a guide for the researchers to

systematically identify the logical problems and errors of the developing system.
The researchers used the input - process – output diagram for the theoretical
framework by Blake A, Collins and Laura Evelyn Kuserk.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

FEEDBACK

Figure 1
Input – Process – Output (IPO) Diagram

Conceptual Framework

A conceptual framework is an analytical tool with several variation and

context. It is used to make conceptual distinction and organize ideas. Below was
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the conceptual framework of the study. The researcher’s conceptualized

framework based on the input – process – output diagram to illustrate the
performance of the developing system.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Data
The Color Sensor
Requirements
with the led will
Codes
scan the color of
the fabric.
Hardware
Requirements
If the fabric is
Arduino MEGA FABRIC COLOR
colored the servo
2560 SEGREGATOR
push the fabric to
Arduino Color USING
first container.
Sensor ARDUINO
Conveyor COLOR SENSOR
Then, if the fabric
Modules
is non-colored the
conveyor will run
Software
to the next
Requirements
container and
C++
servo will moved
Programming
the fabric.
Language

Figure 2. Input – Process – Output (IPO) Diagram

Input – Process – Output (IPO) diagram was used to illustrate conceptual

framework of the Fabric Color Segregator Using Arduino Sensor. It is focused on
the operation and function of device. Fabric Color Segregator Using Arduino
Sensor will separate the two categories which is the color and non-color fabric
laundry.

Scope and Limitations

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This study focused on the development of a proposed title which is the

Fabric Color Segmentation Using Arduino Color Sensor. The devices use a
sensor that will detect the color of fabric. The color detectors have two (2) types

or classified to a colored and non-colored. First, is the dark color, it includes

black, red, brown and gray together with light color or also known as pastel color
which is the pink, yellow, blue and so on. Lastly, the white color which is very
important and prioritize first in laundry. The device mainly focused on how to
separate the color of the fabric as part of laundering. The limitation of the device
is the Fabric Color segregator can’t identify the color but instead it will separate
the two types as explained above. Fabric Color Segregator can’t also identified
the kind of fabric using as well as dirt, stain and acid wash are not included.

Definition of Terms
For better understanding, the following words used in this study are
operationally defined.

Arduino is an open source computer hardware and software company,

project and user community that designs and manufactures single-board
microcontroller’s kits for building digital devices and interactive objects in the
physical and digital world.
System is an entity consisting of an interacting part that is coordinated to
achieve one or more common objectives.
Develop is to bring more advanced or effective way.
Hardware refers to the electronic components and materials used in
developing the project
Technology is an accomplishment of an objective in a modern way.
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Sensor is a device, module, or subsystem whose purpose is to detect

events or changes in its environment.

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter will discuss the previous and existing related literature and
related studies that the system used to conduct and serves as a reference in
developing the study.

Technical Background

Arduino
Arduino is an open source computer hardware and software company,
project, and user community that designs and manufactures single-board
microcontrollers and microcontroller kits for building digital devices and
interactive objects that can sense and control objects in the physical and digital
world. The project's products are distributed as open-source hardware and
software, which are licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License
(LGPL) or the GNU General Public License (GPL), permitting the manufacture of
Arduino boards and software distribution by anyone. Arduino boards are
available commercially in preassembled form, or as do-it-yourself (DIY) kits.

Arduino Mega
The Arduino MEGA 2560 is designed for more complex projects. With 54
digital I/O pins, 16 analog inputs and a larger space for your sketch it is the
recommended board for 3D printers and robotics projects. This gives your
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projects plenty of room and opportunities. It is a microcontroller board based on

the ATmega2560. It has 54 digital input/output pins (of which 15 can be used as
PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz
crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset
button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply

connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or

battery to get started. The Mega 2560 board is compatible with most shields
designed for the Uno and the former boards Duemilanove or Diecimila.

C++ Programming
C++ is a general-purpose object-oriented programming (OOP) language,
developed by Bjarne Stroustrup, and is an extension of the C language. It is
therefore possible to code C++ in a "C style" or "object-oriented style." In certain
scenarios, it can be coded in either way and is thus an effective example of a
hybrid language. C++ is considered to be an intermediate-level language, as it
encapsulates both high- and low-level language features. Initially, the language
was called "C with classes" as it had all the properties of the C language with an
additional concept of "classes." However, it was renamed C++ in 1983.

Foreign Literature

As stated by Shuang Mei (2018) from the article “Automatic Fabric Defect
Detection with a Multi-Scale Convolutional Denoising Auto encoder Network
Model” Fabric defect detection is a necessary and essential step of quality
control in the textile manufacturing industry. Traditional fabric inspections are
usually performed by manual visual methods, which are low in efficiency and
poor in precision for long-term industrial applications.
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K. Mathur, A. Donaldson, D. Hinks, A.M. Seyam (2016) Jacquard weaving

provides the opportunity for designing an enormous number of complex pictorial
and other patterning effects using combinations of warp colors, filling colors and
integrated weaves.

According to Jude Garvey (2015) The Individual Washer is an upright

washing machine that can sort and wash all your clothes together – regardless of
color, material or washing temperature requirements. The Individual Washer
design concept features three compartments that are used for color, fabric and
temperature sorting. As the machine can wash all sorts of fabrics and colors
together - it means less time in the laundry for you and with less water and
electricity usage - it’s great for the environment as well.

Local Literature

J.G.PAUL (2017) “End-of-the-Pipe” Material Recovery To Reduce Waste

Disposal And To Motivate The Informal Sector To Participate In Site
Improvements At The Calajunan Dumpsite In Iloilo City, Panay, Philippines The
segregation and recovery of materials at the earliest possible stage of the solid
waste stream is the best approach to minimize that reusable materials enter the
waste collection system of any community.

According to Marloun Sejera (2017) Intramuros, Metro Manila, Philippines,

segregation is the first step to total waste management. Studies show that
majority of the population do not segregate wastes because they find it
inconvenient.
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FPGA Baseball Collecting Robot by Alvin Joseph Macapagal (2016) is

compact, lightweight and battery powered mobot that collects balls in a pre-
defined arena, determine and segregate the ball according to its color and places
the ball to bin accordingly.

Foreign Studies

A study conducted in School of Electronic and Information, Xi'an

Polytechnic University, LI Pengfei, ZHU Pengfei, ZHANG Lei, WANG Xiaohua
and LIU Xiuping (2017) said “In view of the low efficiency of manual sorting
fabric, high labor costs, and the problem of physical harm to the worker, a
method of the machine vision combined with a robot to replace the manual
sorting fabric is put forward, so as to solve the weakness of manual sorting fabric
effectively.

Color segmentation of multi-colored fabrics using self-organizing-map

based clustering algorithm, studied by Haifang Mo, Bugao Xu, Wenbin Ouyang
and Jiangqing Wang (2016) in China talk about Fabric prints may contain
intricate and nesting color patterns. To evaluate colors on such a fabric, regions
of different colors must be measured individually.

According to Jürgen Sielermann, Wilhelm Bringewatt and Engelbert Heinz

(2014) The sorting of laundry items, in particular dirty laundry items, has hitherto
been carried out manually in most cases, which is costly in terms of personnel
and time. High sorting capacities are therefore only possible with the
corresponding personnel expenses.

Local Studies
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A study conducted by Ian Roy N. Jarantilla (2017) about Automated

Banana Classifier, a segregator, motor driven conveyor, camera, and an image
processing module, will serve as an automated banana classifier that will identify
banana accurately.

Abra, Philippines conducted a study by Edwin Gaoiran (2017) to

determine which plant terminals of malatayum leaves and the best months after
transplanting (MAT) in harvesting the leaves for dye extract that give the best
color effect for silk fabric.

Based on the study of Tomas U. Ganiron Jr. (2016) the experimental

study aimed to develop an efficient algorithm for detecting and sorting mango.
Using the acquired image, the features of the mango were extracted and used to
identify the class of the mango. The extracted features of the mango are
perimeter, area, roundness, and percent defect. The roundness and percent
defect were used to identify whether the mango’s quality was export, local or
reject.

Synthesis of the Studies

The researchers gathered information from related literature and from

related studies regarding on the developed device in which it would be their basis
to innovate it.

The article by Shuang Mei (2018), K. Mathur, (2016) and Jude Garvey
(2015), emphasize that the fabric color are quite complicated to identified and
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recognized base on the exact color to sort. Fabric Color has a different type
either textile, fiber, wool and cotton that make the color differs from each other.

J.G.PAUL (2017) and Marloun Sejera (2017) both have studied that waste
should have to sort on proper storage or bin. Like on the study of the proposed
device.

Alvin Joseph Macapagal (2016) and LI Pengfei, ZHU Pengfei, ZHANG Lei,
WANG Xiaohua and LIU Xiuping (2017) talks about with the use of robots as a
device color sorting will make things easier to classifies the proper color to be
used.

According to Jürgen Sielermann, Wilhelm Bringewatt and Engelbert Heinz

(2014) The sorting of laundry items, in particular dirty laundry items, has hitherto
been carried out manually in most cases, which is costly in terms of personnel
and time.

Roy N. Jarantilla (2017) stated that conveyor is the best tools to segregate
and operate the machine used for color sorting.
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CHAPTER III
DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

This chapter comprises the method of research used by the researchers

of the study, the sampling procedure, research instruments and data collection
procedure, and statistical treatment of data and the analysis plan.

Research Design

The researchers of the study used two different methods of research

which were the development and descriptive methods. The development
research, as opposed to simple instructional development, has been defined as
the systematic study of designing, developing and evaluating instructional
programs, and products that must meet criteria of internal consistency and
effectiveness. While descriptive research was used to describe characteristics of
a population or phenomena being studied. The description was used for
frequencies, averages and other statistical calculations. Often the best approach,
prior to writing descriptive research, is to conduct a survey investigation.
For Development research, the researchers used Modified Waterfall
Model as a guide that follows the execution of the processes to develop the
project. This determine the systematic study of designing, developing, and
evaluating instructional programs, processes and products that must meet
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criteria of an consistency and effectiveness. And for the descriptive research, the
researchers conducted an interview for the household community to find out the
total population of the study and calculate the statistical number of respondents,
The researchers conducted a survey questionnaire for selected respondents that
will determine the problems and error using manual process of fabric color
segregator which can help for the researchers in developing the device.

Population of the Study

The population of the study was the assigned personnel in the laundry
shop and assigned family member in every household in the community.

Table 1
Respondents of the Study
Respondents Frequency Percentage
Family Member 7 70%
Assigned Personnel 3 30%
Total 10 100%

Statistical Treatment

In order for the researchers to have an acceptable and reliable result for
the survey, the researchers used the Probability Sampling Research Method
particularly Simple Random Sampling Technique. Sampling Random Sampling
was the basic sampling technique where the researchers select a group of
subjects (a sample) for the study from a larger group (a population). Each
individual was chosen entirely by chance and each member of the population has
an equal chance of being included in the sample. Every possible of a given size
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has the same chance of selection. For this case, researchers involved Family
Member and Assigned Personnel in every household in the community.
The researchers used Slovin’s Formula to obtain the sample size of the
respondents and to know how large the sample size will be needed in the
percentage.

Slovin’s Formula:

By applying the formula, the researchers use the Slovin’s formula:

N
n=
1+N(e)2

Where:
n = Sample Size
e = Desired Margin of Errors
N = Total Population of the Respondents

To calculate the total sample size population of the study, the researchers
divide each frequency to the total number of population to get the percentage for
each respondent. The study consists of seventy percent (70%) family member
and thirty-three percent (30%) assigned personnel in the laundry shop.

Proportion Method of Formula:

P
S=
N
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Where:
S = Sample Size of Particular Respondents
P = Population Size
N = Population of All Respondents
n = Sample Size of Respondents

The formula was to identify the sample size of the particular respondents
in every household in the community.

Likert Scale Method

The researchers used the Five-Point Likert Scale for the preliminary
survey questions 4-10 and for Software Evaluation. Likert scaling is a bipolar
scaling method, measuring either positive or negative response to a statement.
The researchers used this formula in computing for the Weighted Mean of
preliminary survey questions 4-10 and Software Evaluation.

It shows the rating scale to easily understand the range of the method that
the researchers used in the study for the Survey.

Table 2
Five-Point Likert Scale Method for Survey

Scale Range Description

5 4:50-5:00 Strongly Agree(SA)
4 3:50-4:49 Agree(A)
3 2:50-3:49 Neutral(N)
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2 1:50-2:49 Disagree(DA)
1 1:00-1:49 Strongly Disagree(SD)

It shows the rating scale so easily understand the range of the method
that the researchers used in the study for the Software evaluation.

R = (SA+5) + (A+4) + (N+3) + (D+2) + (S+1)

TNR
Where:
R = Rating
TNR = Total Number of Respondents
SA = Strongly Agree
A = Agree
N = Neutral
D = Disagree
SD = Strongly Disagree

The above formula was used by the researchers to identify the average
weighted mean for each question in preliminary survey and software evaluation
to recognize the verbal interpretation of the results in each question.

Data Collection Procedures

For Data Collection Procedures, the researchers conducted an interview

and preliminary survey questionnaires in the community to gathered information.
The survey and interview was organized in the form of logically ordered
questions that is based on the study of the researchers. In these procedures, the
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Family member and Assigned Personnel in every household in the community

were involved. The researchers also conducted an interview with the household
in the community. The researchers also conducted a software evaluation for the
laundry shop. The said software evaluation was based on ISO 25010 of 2011,
this will determine the rating or the quality characteristic of the system.
The researchers used a Slovin’s formula to calculate the total respondents
of the study. The respondents are the family member or the assign personnel.

Requirements Analysis

Research Instruments
The researchers used different instruments for the project to acquire the
needed information in developing the process of the study and also to provide a
cheap but productive and effective way of collecting data.

Interview. In this procedure, the interview was conducted between the

researchers and the family member for guide questionnaire sheet and for the
Fabric color segregator for the laundry shop to find out the difficulties they
encounter in the manual method. These interviews and surveys were performed
to verify the gathered information collected by the researchers inside the
household community and to apply information in the study.
Library Research. In this study, the researchers gathered data from
different books, internet and other related materials in the library for the technical
and research paper that were applied on the study.
Document Analysis. The researchers analyzed the usual encountered by
every household in the community which is the manual method of sorting fabric.
From the analysis, the researchers yield some ideas to develop and design a
device for improving the process on how to laundry.
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Requirements Documentation

Every household in a community was using a manual method in

segregating the fabric color of the cloths. The researchers also gathered that
these steps of sorting are a waste of time for everyone. Fabric Color Segregator
Using Arduino Color Sensor is a device that will help our mothers in every single steps
and process in laundering. The said device will provide the sorting of clothes as the rule

in laundry. Color from non-color, black to white should be able to separate. This device
will enable user to have a great start in laundry. Through this we can maximize our time
in other thing in our house. The Fabric Color Segregator is not only for our house but it
also necessary for the laundry business. Workers and busy people tend to paid for their
laundry than doing this stuff with their bare hands. Many of us are searching for possible
solution on our very own problem. This kind of mind set and aspects can make us
productive and have a convenient way of life. With this modern era having technology is
the essence of our lives.

Development and Testing

In this study, the researchers describe the software development

processes and different types of procedures used by the researchers to test and
design the developing device Fabric Color Segregator Using Arduino Color
Sensor. In the procedures, it includes Planning, Analysis, Software Methodology,
Hardware and Software Requirements and Testing.

Software Methodology/Process Model

In this methodology, the researchers used Waterfall Model by Winston

Walker Royce. The Waterfall Model is a linear sequential (non-iterative) design
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approach for software development in which progress flows in one direction

downwards through the phases of conception, initiation, analysis, design,
construction, testing, deployment and maintenance.

Planning

Analysis

Design

Software
Development

Testing

Operations

Maintenance

Figure 3. Modified Waterfall Method

In Figure 6 shows that in developing a device, the researchers used

Waterfall Model as a guide that follows the execution of the processes. The
researchers used the waterfall model because it was a step by step procedure. In
this model, phases are processed and completed one at a time that’s why
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phases do not overlap. Waterfall Model also works well for smaller projects
where requirements are very well understood.

Planning. The researchers gathered information on what device should

be invented usefully in a community. It was observed that having this device will
make works faster and easier.
Analysis. In analysis, the researchers will make the Fabric Color
Segregator Using Arduino Color Sensor to become broad and wide for the users.

Designing. The software design is easy to understand invent for the user
to perform and operate the device.
Software Development. In the development of the system, the
researchers made used of C++ Programing Arduino based IDE for encoding
source code of the system, in order to be accurate and fast acquisition of
information requirements.
Testing. The researchers installed the new device. The researcher
encountered problems while processing it for the first time but in a few days the
device had become successful.
Operation. In operation, the researchers were responsible for conducting
an operation test. The researchers conducted a test under the actual operation
conditions and verified that the system satisfies the required specification. The
researchers conducted an operation test by running the device on a machine
being used by actual operations.
Maintenance. In maintenance, the researchers maintain performance,
fixing defects and upgrading features needed in the device.

Software and Hardware Resources

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In the software and hardware resources, the table 3 was the list of
recommended software and hardware requirements for the device to run. The
requirements should be achieved for an efficient and effective Fabric Color
Segregator.
Table 3
Recommended Software Requirements
Type Software Product
Software Application C++ Programming Arduino IDE

In table 3 enlisted the recommended software requirements for the device

to be implemented. The system may not run perfectly if the requirements are not
achieved.
Table 4
Recommended Hardware Requirements

Type Specification
Arduino Module Arduino Mega 2560
Color Sensor Recognition
Servo Motor
Relay Module
Conveyor

In table 4 shows the recommended hardware requirements for the system

to be implemented. The hardware that should be used as listed should follow
because the device will not run and operate smoothly if it will not follow.

Hardware Analysis
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The researchers performed test during and after the implementation of the
Fabric Color Segregator Using Arduino Color Sensor. The researchers used
compatibility testing for a better used of the developed device.

Compatibility Testing. In this procedure, the researchers of the study

conducted a testing procedure to make sure that the developed devices are all
compatible in any electric current supply voltage.

Description of Prototype

Figure 4. Actual Device

The device prototype is shown in Figure 4. The user will put the fabric on
the right said of the conveyor and it will run immediately to the bottom view of the
color recognition, after identifying if it’s a colored or a non-colored fabric the
conveyor will run continuously if the fabric is non-colored and it’s not the
conveyor stop on the mid part and servo motor as follow will swipe or segregate
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it on the colored fabric. The module use in the device is the color sensor for
detecting and recognizing the fabric color. Servo Motor for the segregation and
conveyor for the automatic running of machine. Fabric Color segregator will be
the medium of a convenient way of sorting laundry clothes.

Implementation Plan
The researchers conduct analysis, by analyzing the perfect device for the
proposed title and identified the problem and needed requirements for the
device. Especially designing and developing the proposed title.

Software Project Scheduling

The Researchers used Gantt chart to show the timeline of their research
and also to help them accomplish their research on time. They used this chart to
manage their project well as a reflection of the progress they have done.

March April May

Activities h
14 23 11 30 7 8 9 10
Title Research
Title Proposal
Research and Planning
Module Device Order
Coding and Testing
Research Presentation

Figure 5. Gantt Chart

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Figure 4. Shows the Gantt chart of the study that shows the work schedule
of the researchers. The researchers started at the month of March on the 14th
day, they think of a title, problem and possible solution for the title research. The
researchers’ title proposal conduct on the 23rd of March in which they propose
the desire title that will benefits many people. On the month of April, Research
and Planning together with the module device ordered are applied by the
researchers. After the trial and error with the testing and coding the researchers
finally presented their device on the 10th of May as part of the Project Schedule.