Electromechanical Energy Conversion Principles

Problems

Ex. 2.5 (a) For a linear magnetic circuit, derive the following relations for the stored magnetic energy
W fld and co-energy W fld ,
2 2 2
1 1 1 1Φ 1 F 1 2 1Ψ
W fld =W ,= FΦ= ψi= Φ2 Rl= = = Li = Joules
fld 2 2 2 2 Δ 2 Rl 2 2 L .
1 B2
Hence show that the magnetic stored energy density W fld is given by 2 μ joules/m3.
1 Lf
(b) A 10 kW, 1440 rpm dc shunt generator has a time constant 2 r f of 0.2 sec for its field winding.
2
Under normal operating conditions, the I f r f loss in the field winding is 400 watts. Compute the energy
stored in the magnetic field produced by the field winding, under normal operating conditions.
Ex. 2.13 Two windings, one on stator and the other on rotor, has the following parameters :
rs = 2.5 Ω, Ls = 0.03 H, rr = 3.00 Ω, Lr = 0.12 H, Msr= 0.06
cosθr
where
θr is the space angle between stator and rotor winding axes.
0
The two„ windings, are connected in parallel and the rotor is locked at θr =90 . With the current,
initially zero, the windings are switched on to a voltage source of 30 volts dc at time t=0.
(a) Find is, ir as functions of time.
(b) Find an expression for the magnetic torque Te as a function of time.
Ex. 2.14 Two sinusoidally distributed current sheets are placed, one on the stator and the other on rotor of
an .idealised rotating electrical machine, with smooth air gap. The parameters of the machine are :
Ls = 1 .0H, Lr =0 .3H, Msr= 0.5
cosθr
θ
where r , is the relative angle between the current sheets.
Stator and rotor resistances are considered negligible. The stator is excited by sinusoidal current
I m cosωt , while the rotor is short-circuited.
(а) With the machine a t standstill, compute the instantaneous torque developed as a function of r and
θ
t.
(b) If the rotor is allowed to rotate, at what angle it will come to rest.
Ex. 2.15 (a) Find an expression for the magnetic force developed in a doubly excited translational
magnetic system.
(b) Two air-cored coils have their magnetic axes coincident. Their parameters are :
L1 = 0.4 H, L2= 0.2 H
−4 x
M12 = M21= 0.1e H
where x is the distance between the two coils.
For steady current of I1 = 10 A and I2 = 5 A, calculate the magnetic force developed. Does this force tend
to increase or decrease x? Calculate the magnitude of force for x = 2.5 cm.
Ex. 2.16 A doubly excited rotating machine has following self and mutual inductances :
rs = 40Ω, Ls = 0.16 H
rr= 2 Ω , Lr = 0.04 + 0.02
cos2 θr ,
Mr= 0.08
cosθr
θ
where r is the space angle between coil axes. The rotor is revolving a t a speed of 100 rad/sec.
For is= 10 A dc and ir = 2 A dc.
(а) Derive expressions for the instantaneous voltages applied to the stator and rotor windings.
(b) Obtain expressions for magnetic torque and the corresponding electrical power. For both the parts (a)
θ
and (b), find their values for r = 90°.
Ex. 2.17 The doubly-excited magnetic system of Fig. 2.21 has the following self and mutual inductances:
Ls =Lr =3+cos 2θ , M=2 cos 2 θ
where θ is the angle between the axis of stator and rotor coils. The coils, connected in series, carry a
√
current of i= 2I cosωt . Determine the time-average torque as a function of angle θ .
Ex. 2.18 The electromagnetic relay shown in Fig. 2.48 is wound with two coupled coils having the