Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Foreign Literature

According to Madhusudhan (2016), RFID technology could be the future of services

provided by libraries, but the involvement of high cost in the working and implementation has

been encountered as the primary challenge in its proliferation. Nevertheless, the author forecasted

a decrease in the cost of the technology with its adoption, if carried out in large numbers in libraries

all over the India. The implementation of RFID is really a challenge to different universities around

the world because the system itself is costly. Pandey and Mahajan (2010) stated that the technology

is not only emerging but also more effective, convenient and cost efficient in providing library

security. It provides security in terms of the RFID tag which contains all the required identifying

information to be read by the RFID reader. Even though RFID system provides security and it is

convenient, the information contained by the system should be secured and be handled only by

trusted personality. According to Chavan (2012), the library choose to implement RFID

technology should take extra precautions to follow best practice guidelines according to well-

established privacy principles.

Kolhe et al. (2016) compared the application of barcode and RFID technologies in libraries.

The RFID system will replace the traditional tracking system such as barcode in the near future

because the latest technology has more advantages and more secured rather than the traditional

barcode. Sharma and Sharma (2016) reviewed the design of a campus-based tracking system, with

its possible up-gradation with some new tools and components, to make a check on every student

individually based on RFID and ZigBee wireless network. The author found that the data from the
RFID tags are read by the RFID system and one by one the RFID tags are being transferred to the

PC node or any mobile device using custom wireless protocol ZigBee and GSM module. The

RFID System application or installation is one of the challenges of the libraries all over the India

because of the shortage of funds that is why it is hard for the libraries to implement the RFID

System.

Reference:

Gupta, P. & Madhusudhan, M. (2017). RFID technology in libraries: A review of literature of

Indian Perspective. Journal of library & Information Technology. DOI:

10.14429/djlit.37.1.10772

URL:

https://pdfs.semantischolar.org

Foreign Literature

According to the news of Kravets, (2012) the Texas School District just started to install the Radio

Frequency Identification (RFID) Device on student identification cards to check each pupils

movements around the campus of the school, and also to monitor as they come and go to the school

every day. Identifying school students with RFID chip is unusual but not new. A federal finance a

preschool in Richmond California and start applying RFID chips in year 2010 at each student

clothing. In 2004 at Houston Texas in 13 campuses school district begun using the chip in

monitoring student. Radio frequency Idenfication devices are every day part of living in an
electronic age. Because of being fast become a part of passports, libraries and also as payment card

and also expected to restore the barcodes on consumer’s goods.

In San Antonio, Northside Indepent School District two schools begun implementing the Rfid

chips –laden- student body cards when classes started. Most of state finance school daily

attendance is tied up to their budgets. If the students is not already at his/ her seat at the morning

roll call the daily funding for that student was cannot be received by the district. Because the school

has no way of knowing if the student is surely present that time.

Reference : Kravets, D . (2012, September 07). TRACKING SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH RFID

TAGS? IT'S ALL ABOUT THE BENJAMINS. Retrieved from

https://www.wired.com/2012/09/rfid-chip-student-monitoring/
 Title RFID Systems and Security and Privacy Implications

Author Sanjay E. Sarma, Stephen A. Weis, and Daniel W. Engels

Classification Foreign Literature

Date February 17, 2003

Summary

(Exact line from Universally deploying RFID tags offers many potential security benefits, yet
the text) may expose new privacy threats. Otherwise intrusive or cumbersome security
practices, such as airline passenger and baggage tracking, can be made practical
by using RFID systems. Authentication systems already take advantage of RFID
technology, for example car key-less entry systems. Embedding RFID tags as
seals of authenticity in documents, designer products, and currency may
discourage forgery. While RFID tags improve certain security properties in
these applications, they may exacerbate privacy threats or pose new security
risks.

Citation Sarma, S., Weis, S., and Engels, D. (2003). RFID Systems and Security and
Privacy Implications. Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems – CHES
2002. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol, 2523, pp. 454-469.

Link https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-36400-5_33
Local Literature

According to Ateneo de Manila University (ADMU, 2019), the popularity of RFID is due

to the fact that it has made life more convenient. ADMU (2019) stated that alongside its benefits

is the possible issue of data privacy breach, given that an RFID contains an identifier that is

uniquely assigned to the individual. RFID System is really popular to different school around the

Philippines because it makes their students safe and the fact that it is convenient not only to the

school but also to parents, students, and teachers.

According to Umali (2019), it should not be forgotten that although innovation and

emerging technologies are vital to the economic growth of the country, it should not be at the

expense of the fundamental rights and freedom of the people. The RFID is really helpful but there

will always be a downside to it and one of it is the privacy of the information that the RFID

contains. It may reveal the information directly or indirectly. The RFID development should be

highly monitored for it to not cause harm to the people who will use it. Umali (2019) stated that

attention should also be given to mechanism that guarantees security of RFID systems.

Reference:

OpenGovAsia. (2019). Ateneo de manila university explores data security in the use of RFID.

Retrieved

from https://www.opengovasia.com/ateneo-de-manila-university-explores-data-security-

in-the-use-of-rfid/
Local Literature

Based on the news of GMA news Online the Manila private school has a distinction of

being the first in Philippines in implanting the high self-service library exit station based

on Radio Frequency Identification ( RFID). As of now Mapua Institute of technology has

UFH RFID intelligent library due to the donation of Taipei Economic and Cultural Office.

According to TEC o : "The automatic UHF RFID system intended for library material

monitoring it is produced by the Taiwanese business ClarIDy Solutions and is

acknowledged by MIT. Intramuros as a worldwide trend in the library sector, as it offers

state-of - the-art automatic services in modern library management where no man-service

is highlighted” It added this "demonstrates once again the contribution of Taiwan to the

growth of the world's top-notch library systems." At the system launch Friday, Dr.

Reynaldo Vea, MIT's chairman, received TECO Minister Samson Chang. Changv handed

over to the Institute the Self-Service Library Checkout Station, and Vea thanked TECO for

their donation. In the near future, Vea also expressed hopes that MIT-Intramuros may have

more collaboration with Taiwan universities.In the meantime, Chang ensured the MIT that

the TECO will continue to serve as a bridge to support further educational cooperation.

Reference: PHL School adopts RFID-based self-service library (2014, February 08).

Retrieved from https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/scitech/technology/347512/phl-

school-adopts-rfid-based-self-service-library/story/
Foreign Study

Patel et al. (2014), proposed the development of Online Students’ Attendance Monitoring

System in classroom Using Radio Frequency Identification. In this system, RFID readers are to

be installed per each classroom and the connected to the institutional Local Area Network

(LAN). Student identity cards are embedded with RFID tags for identification. Chiagozie et al.

(2012), proposed the development of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based attendance

system with automatic door unit in which the student attendance is captured using RFID

technology. The student is required to show up the Tagged ID to the RFID reader, when the

legitimacy of the student is verified, the system open the door and record the attendance. This is

helpful to the teachers because instead of doing the manual attendance of the student the RFID

system will be the one to record the attendance of every student in school or university.

According to Arulogun (), in the RFID-Based Students Attendance Management System,

in addition to recording student’s attendance to the database using RFID system, the system has

added functionality of generating and sending SMS to different stakeholders such as parents via

SMS gateway or E-mail gateway. This system can be called a helping hand to every parent

because this system will take away the worry of every parent when their child is in the school.

Reference:

Sospeter, J., Sinde, R.S., and Kaijage, S. (2015). A review on development of RFID and mobile

application based attendance management system. Computer engineering and intelligent system,

6(8), 27-32. Retrived from

https://scholar.google.com.ph/scholar?hl=tl&as_sdt=0%2C5&as_vis=1&q=related+foreign+stud

y+about+rfid+system.in+school+attendance&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&u=%23p%3DQWe42OR05fgJ
 Title RFID-Based Students Attendance Management System

Author Arulogun, O.T., Olatunbosun, A. Fakoloju, O. A., and Olaniyi, O.M.

Classification Foreign Study

Date February, 2013

Summary

(Exact line from RFID technology facilitates automatic wireless identification using electronic passive
the text) and active tags with suitable readers. In this paper, an attempt is made to solve recurrent
lecture attendance monitoring problem in developing countries using RFID technology.
The application of RFID to student attendance monitoring as developed and deployed
in this study is capable of eliminating time wasted during manual collection of
attendance and an opportunity for the educational administrators to capture face-to-face
classroom statistics for allocation of appropriate attendance scores and for further
managerial decisions.

Citation Arulogun, O,T., Olatunbosun, A., Fakoloju, O.A., and Olaniyi, O.M. (2013).
RFID-Based Students Attendance Management System. New York.
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research. Volume 4, Issue 2.

Link https://www.ijser.org/researchpaper/rfid-based-students-attendance-
management-system.pdf
 Title An Introduction to RFID Technology

Author Roy Want

Classification Foreign Study

Date January-March 2006.

Summary

(Exact line RFID tags support a larger set of unique IDs than bar codes and can incorporate additional
from the text) data such as manufacturer, product type, and even measure environmental factors such as
temperature. Furthermore, RFID systems can discern many different tags located in the
same general area without human assistance. RFID continues to make inroads into inventory
control systems, and it's only a matter of time before the component costs fall low enough to
make RFID an attractive economic proposition. Its potential benefits are large, and we're
sure to see many novel applications in the future—some of which we can't even begin to
imagine.

Citation Want, R. (2006). An Introduction to RFID Technology. IEEE Pervasive Computing, vol. 5,
no. 1, pp. 25-33.

Link 1. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3437143_An_introduction_to_RFID_technology
 Title Low-cost RFID Systems: Confronting Security and Privacy

Author Damith C. Ranasinghe, Daniel W. Engels and Peter H. Cole

Classification Foreign Study (Journal Article)

Date September, 2005

Summary

(Exact line While RFID technology provides numerous benefits, RFID systems generate new risks.
from the text) Primarily, the communication between the labels and the readers is exposed to
eavesdropping and traffic analysis. Thus, an RFID system is constantly under threat from
man in the middle attacks, whereby a third party may monitor a conversation between a
label and a reader to obtain sensitive information. Illicitly obtained information in this
manner may be used to create fake labels, unauthorized readers, or used to discover secret
information stored on labels (such as an authentication code).

Citation Ranasinghe, D., Engels, D., and Cole, P. (2005). Low-cost RFID Systems: Confronting
Security and Privacy. Paper Auto-ID Labs White Paper Journal. Vol, 1.

Link http://autoidlab.cs.adelaide.edu.au/node/67
Foreign Study

Today we live in a society where technology is everywhere to help human and there are many

identification systems or devices. Random Frequency Identification (RFID) system have been

stratified in place of manufacturing, supply chain, agriculture, transportation, healthcare, and

services. Meanwhile there are many advantages and disadvantages according to many studies

about RFID systems. It was always a question by the organization of medical healthcare when

it's about Random Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. In conclusion having rfid may

include having the greater protection of the patient under the healthcare and may also expand the

knowledge for Random Frequency Identification (RFID) using in healthcare.

Reference: Ajami, S., & Rajabzadeh, A. (2013). Random Frequency Identification (RFID)

Technology and Patient safety. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 18(9): 809–813.

Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3872592/

Local Study

Based on the information gathered through the proponents, they have complied and

examined, through careful analysis of the guide primarily found the gadget that the Student

Monitoring System with RFID & SMS Notification for Enhanced Curriculum in the Arts

Program needs to have a system to reveal the student time in/ time out. To make this possible,

the proponents put into effect an “RFID & SMS Notification” to screen the students. The

proponents interviewed to provide other ideas about the subject matter and a survey form to

comprehend how positive and how a whole lot the software reached the predicted outcome. The

main feature of the software is to provide a Student Monitoring System to be used for the

complete academic year.

Reference:

Mendoza, A.R., Velasco, M.M., Rosco, E.V., Tiongco, E.J., and Augustin, L.F. (2019). Student

monitoring

system with RFID & SMS notification for student of enhanced curriculum in the arts

program.

International journal of advanced research in computer science. DOI:

10.26483/ijarcs.v10i2.6381

URL:

https://search.proquest.com/openview/e7dd54c4fb5921c8bf9094ef45a59891/1?pg-

origsite=gscholar&cbl=1606379
Local Study

This research was created to develop an electronic attendance and logging scheme using Radio

Frequency Identification (RFID) and Short Messaging Service (SMS) with a web-based system

management portal that enables users to access data in real time to guarantee campus security

and intelligent information management. Students will use the RFID card system to check in and

out of the primary entrance for both track attendance and log time, and thus use the RFID

technology to avoid unauthorized entry. The LPU-LAGUNA SEALS system developed in this

study has six main functions: (1) using the student RFID chip as a gate pass in the ID's ; (2)

sending regular text messages to parents on the student entry and exit records, (3) managing and

monitoring student participation effectively, and logging through the internet and intranet ; (4)

integrating web-based system portal for accessing real-time records and attendance, (5)

providing printed reports and digital attendance and log files, and (6) implementing the scheme

in the Philippines Lyceum – Laguna. Designed and created using different programming

languages and techniques such as Visual Basic 2010 (VB.NET), Hypertext Mark-up Language 5

(HTML5), Cascading Style Sheet 3 (CSS3), scripting language for hypertext preprocessor

(PHP), JQuery, MySQL database engine, RFID and GSM (Global Mobile System) module. This

system is introduced at LPU-Laguna's primary door using client-server technology consisting of

the reader, tag, GSM module, client PC, and database server. The investigator implemented the

Rapid Application Development (RAD) technique as the system framework model that focuses

on system development using prototypes so that specifications can be flexibly adjusted as

necessary. The scheme was effectively introduced using both RFID and SMS technology in the

process, resulting in an effective surveillance and management of student attendance and logs

providing campus security and effective information management.

Reference: Morallo, I. M. ( 2015, September). LYCsEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES

UNIVERSITY – LAGUNA STUDENT ELECTRONIC ATTENDANCE AND LOGGING

SYSTEM (LPU-LAGUNA SEALS). Retrieved from http://lpulaguna.edu.ph/wp-

content/uploads/2016/08/Lpu-L-Student-Electronic-Attendance-And-Logging-System-Lpu-

Laguna-Seals.pdf