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A.P. U.S. History
Chapter 2
Key Terms
Term: Identification: The rebellion of Ireland against the English nation in hopes of
Catholic Irish preserving their Catholic faith under the pressures of a Protestant nation
uprising
Page: Significance: This uprising detrimented relations between England and Spain as
25-26 Ireland looked ot Spain for help in defending their catholic faith
Term: Identification: An English buccaneer who raided Spanish ships stealing Spanish
Francis Drake treasures at sea and bringing them back to England. Was knighted for his deeds.
Page: Significance: Was a pioneer in his line of work and defied Spanish protest denting
26 the Spanish image of dominance and empire.
Term: Identification: Half brother of Sir Humphrey Gilbert who made a second attempt at
Sir Walter Raleigh colonizing on North Carolina’s island.
Page: Significance: Was the first colonist to successfully found a colony. His colony,
26 however, mysteriously disappeared very quickly.
Term: Identification: involves a strong identification of a group of individuals with a political
nationalism entity defined in national terms
Page: Significance: was shown my European nationals after Spain’s naval dominance was
27 crushed and England became a pioneer in colonizing the New World
Term: Identification: the right, by law or custom, of the first-born to inherit the entire
primogeniture estate, to the exclusion of younger siblings
Page: Significance: Was the root of the emigration of second born who ventured to the
28 New World in pursuit of accumulating wealth on their own accord
Term: Identification: the part of a monastery or convent canonically separated or restricted
enclosure as the living quarters of the religious, from which a person may leave only with
special permission
Page: Significance: Was the basis upon which colonists were initially allowed to travel to
28 the new world: in pursuit of religious expansion
Term: Identification: A joint venture for financial gain using which the Virginia Company
joint-stock was founded
company
Page: Significance: The financial and economic basis upon which the Virginia Company
28 was founded
Term: Identification: A joint-stock venture into the new world in pursuit of gold for the
Virginia Company economic gain of its investors
Page: Significance: The Virginia Company became very successful in the production of
28 Tobacco and was the spark of much of the colonization of the New World
Term: Identification: The first colony of the New World at which the Virginia Company
Jamestown landed at post much travel at sea
Page: Significance: The early years at Jamestown were difficult due to starvation, a
29 marshland terrain, malaria, etc.
Term: Identification: the largest estuary in the United States. It lies off the Atlantic Ocean,
Chesapeake Bay surrounded by Maryland and Virginia
Page: Significance: The first landing in the New World along which the Virginia Company
29 was driven north (following being attacked by Indians)
Term: Identification: A period of time in Jamestown where colonists struggled to find food.
The Starving Most of these colonists were “gentleman” unaccustomed to fending for themselves.
Time
Page: Significance: Led to the adaptation of these men and the forced bitter relations with
29 the neighboring Indians (who the colonists stole food from during starvation)
Term: Identification: A series of two wars between the “Powhatans” and the Jamestown
Anglo-Powhatan colonists which ended in the absolute defeat of the native people
Wars
Page: Significance: First strike of dominance in Jamestown over the native people. These
30 wars destroyed most of the Powhatan lands and granted colonists access to more
land, as well
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Term: Identification: The destruction of land and culture consequent to the settling on
Impact of European colonists in the New World. Trade was introduced, horses were brought,
settlement on the firearms were sold, etc.
Native Americans
Page: Significance: The cultural clash that occurred between colonists and the natives led
31 to the eventual driving of natives to the west and gain of additional land for the
colonists
Term: Identification: any of several plants belonging to the genus Nicotiana. Was a staple
Tobacco crop in Virginia responsible for most, if not all of Virginia’s exported products at the
time
Page: Significance: Provided an immense means of income for members of the Virginia
32 Company who aggressively sought land and resourced to quickly grow tobacco
Term: Identification: A representative assembly granted by the London Company in which
House of Virginians could make decisions and act as a “miniature parliament”
Burgesses
Page: Significance: Was the first reminiscence of a representative self-government in the
33 English New World
Term: Identification: The founder of the Maryland colony who sought wealth and to create
Lord Baltimore a safe refuge for his fellow Catholics
Page: Significance: Was the first to found a colony which allowed for some religious
33 freedom and resistance to the English Church and their restrictions in the New World
Term: Identification: a law mandating religious tolerance for trinitarian Christians. Was the
Act of Toleration second law requiring religious tolerance colonies and first to limit hate speech in the
(1649) New World
Page: Significance: helped inspire later legal protections for freedom of religion in the
33 United States. Made Maryland first colony to openly accept those of other religions
in the New World
Term: Identification: A staple “rich man” and resource intensive crop grown regularly in
Sugar the West Indies by English settlers
Page: Significance: Was a key export to Europe and maintained the plantation system of
agriculture. Stimulated the slave trade industry and heavily fueled African American
pop. growth in West. Ind.
Term: Identification: The scattering of African Americans across the land of the new world
African diaspora in the three and a half centuries following Columbus’s landing in the New World.
Page: Significance: This scattering of African Americans created an able bodied, disperse
35 population who was capable of resisting White enslavement at any time.
Term: Identification: A rule instilled by English Authorities giving slaves virtually no power
Barbados slave or fundamental rights.
code
Page: Significance: This rule was imposed to prevent a resistance from African American
35 slaves and reinforce the master-slave relationship of absolute control
Term: Identification: The period of time after the removal of King Charles I and
Restoration reinstatement of King Charles II where empire building resumed aggressively and
period with Royal involvement
Page: Significance: This new period fueled aggressive colonization of the New World
36 especially in the southern region of the North American continent.
Term: Identification: A new colony sparked by demand for slaves and foods in the West
Carolina Indies. Carolina flourished by trading with sugar-farmers in the West Indies.
Page: Significance: The Carolina colonies were the first to make relations with the
36 Savannah Indians who helped recruit Indian slaves to be traded with the West Indies
and northern New World colonies
Term: Identification: Colony separated from South Carolina due to liberality and difference
North Carolina in wealth (namely, aristocratic societies to the north and south)
Page: Significance: This founded one of the first democratic-resistive colonies who quaffed
38 with governors and were entirely self-minded.
Term: Identification: Colony founded in 1733 and the last of the thirteen colonies
Georgia
Page: Significance: Georgia was founded primarily to serve as a defensive buffer
39 protecting the more valuable Carolinas to the north.
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Term: Identification: A founder of the Georgia Colony bent upon keeping slavery out of
James Oglethorpe Georgia and reforming the American prison system
Page: Significance: Advocated for Georgia to be the “charity colony” providing refuge to
39 those in debt, those seeking religious freedom, etc.
Term: Identification: The religious system of England
Church of
England
Page: Significance: Was funded by taxes collected from colonists. Remained the post
39 popular faith.
Term: Identification: A Iroquois Prophet who claimed to have had a vision warning of the
Handsome Lake repercussions of not maintaining the moral values of the Iroquois people
Page: Significance: His warning to his tribes after his vision seeded the moral reform of the
41 tribe. After his death in 1815, his teachings have kept the Iroquois free from alcohol,
and enduring to this day
Term: Identification: The over production of tobacco which destroyed soil
“soil butchery”
Page: Significance: Forced tobacco farmers to continually move westward in search of
39 fresh soil to use then for cultivation of more tobacco