DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNILOGY, ROURKELA

CE-378 : Structural Engineering Laboratory

SESSION: SPRING 2018-19

TITLE OF THE EXPERIMENT:

A) Shear deficient beam

1. Design and detailing 2. Casting 3. Testing

B) Flexure deficient beam

1. Design and detailing 2. Casting 3. Testing

NAME: RASHMIRANJAN SI

ROLL NUMBER: 716CE3008

DATE OF EXPERIMENT: 15-01,05-03,09-04-2019

DATE OF REPORT: 15-04-2019

 8.(A) SHEAR DEFICIENT BEAM

PURPOSE OF TEST: - To design a beam in such a way that it will fail under shear.

EQUIPMENTS USED: -

 Concrete Mixer
 Beam Mould
 Weighing Machine
 Electric Concrete Vibrator

MATERIALS USED: -

 Sand
 Portland Slag Cement
 Fine Aggregate
 Coarse Aggregate
 Water

DESIGN KNOWN PARAMETERS: -

1. Total span of beam(L) = 2300 mm

2. Span of beam (Centre to Centre of supports) = 2000mm
3. Depth of beam(D)= 250 mm
4. Width of beam(b)= 200 mm
5. Grade of concrete used=M20
6. Grade of steel used=Fe 415

DESIGN: -

By removing the factor of safety for shear resistance and proving significant factor of safety for
flexure resistance, the beam is designed. So that it will become strong in flexure but weak in
shear. The design procedure was according to IS 456-2000.
DETAILING: -

CASTING OF BEAM: -

1. The required length of designed diameter of bar was taken.

2. Bars were cut form the length and arranged in mesh according to the design.
3. A mould was made from wood to support the casting of beam.
4. Using calculations of design of M20 grade of concrete we prepared the required volume
of concrete.
5. The prepared concrete was poured into the cavity of the mould and compacted by
vibrator.

TESTING OF BEAM: -
1. After 28 days the beam was removed from the casting for testing
2. Beam was carried by overhead crane to the test set up.
3. The beam was set and the loading apparatus were placed in respective position.
4. The load was applied gradually till beam failure.
5. The deflections at 3 different places ware taken and the crack pattern was observed.
RESULTS: -
OBSERVATION AND TABULATION: -

Load Extension (mm)

Extensometer-1
kN Extensometer-2 Extensometer-3
10 0.4 0 0
20 0.59 0.63 0.63
30 0.66 0.79 0.74
40 0.83 0.98 0.87
50 1 1.18 1.05
60 1.2 1.42 1.24
70 1.39 1.66 1.44
80 1.58 1.93 1.66
90 1.77 2.18 1.87
100 1.92 2.38 2.03
110 2.08 2.59 2.2
120 2.27 2.82 2.38
130 2.44 3.04 2.57
140 2.65 3.32 2.83
150 2.85 3.58 3.04
160 3.1 3.93 3.4
170 3.33 4.22 3.68
180 3.55 4.5 3.9
190 3.76 4.74 4.12
200 4.02 5.06 4.4
210 4.27 5.33 4.63
220 4.6 5.75 4.99
230 4.9 6.16 5.36
240 5.38 6.76 6
250 6.05 7.84 7.04
GRAPHS: -

300 Extensometer-1
250

200
Loads in kN

150

100

50

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Deflection(mm)

300
Extensometer-2

250

200
Loads in kN

150

100

50

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
deflection in mm

Extensometer-3
300

250

200
Load in kN

150

100

50

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
deflection in mm
CRACK PATTERN: -

SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM (FOR FAILURE LOAD): -

BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM (FOR FAILURE LOAD): -

CRITICAL DISCUSSION: -

 Load should be given gradually in steps till failure.

 Loading position should be precise for getting an accurate crack pattern.
 Extensometer should read zero before starting of experiment.
 As shear failure is brittle failure, all extensometers were removed just after crack is
formed.
 8.(B)-FLEXURE DEFICIENT BEAM

PURPOSE OF TEST: - To design a beam in such a way that it will fail due to flexure.

DESIGN KNOWN PARAMETERS: -

1. Total span of beam(L) = 2300 mm
2. Span of beam (Centre to Centre of supports) = 2000mm
3. Depth of beam(D)= 250 mm
4. Width of beam(b)= 200 mm
5. Grade of concrete used=M20
6. Grade of steel used=Fe 415

DESIGN: -
By removing all factor of safety while designing for flexure and adding significant factor of
safety while designing for shear to make sure that the beam will fail under flexure. The design
was done as per IS 456-2000.

DETAILING: -

TESTING: -

1. After 28 days the beam was removed from the casting for testing
2. Beam was carried by overhead crane to the test set up.
3. The beam was set and the loading apparatus were placed in respective position.
4. The load was applied gradually till beam failure.
5. The deflections at 3 different places ware taken and the crack pattern was observed.
RESULTS: -
OBSERVATION AND TABULATION: -
Load (kN)
extensions in mm
Extensometer-1 Extensometer-2 Extensometer-3
10 1.07 1.57 1.48
20 2.65 3.1 2.78
30 4.87 5.6 4.3

GRAPHS: -

Extensometer-1
40
30
Load(kN)

20
10
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Deflection(mm)

Extensometer-2
40
30
Load(kN)

20
10
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Deflection(mm)

Extensometer-3
35
30
25
Load()kN

20
15
10
5
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Deflection(mm)
CRACK PATTERN: -

SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM (FOR FAILURE LOAD): -

BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM (FOR FAILURE LOAD): -

CRITICAL DISCUSSION: -

 Load should be given gradually in steps till failure.

 Loading position should be precise for getting an accurate crack pattern.
 Extensometer should read zero before starting of experiment.