According to Marzieh Mobki ( 2013 ) Plant materials, such as essential oils and extracts, are useful tools

for insect pest control. In this study, we report the repellent activity and fumigant toxicity of garlic
extract Allium sativum L. (Amaryllidaceae) against larvae and adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium
castaneum (Herbst) (Col., Tenebrionidae). Experiments were carried out at 27 ± 1 °C and 60 ± 5% RH in
darkness. Results showed that mortality increases with increasing garlic extracts concentration and
time. LC50 values for larvae at 24 and 48 h were 267.37 and 145.8 μl/l air, and for adults, they were
127.90 and 90.8 μl/l air, respectively. The concentration of 225.8 μl/l air of the garlic extract yielded was
83.3% mortality of larvae after 48 h. The garlic extract had a strong repellent activity towards T.
castaneum when tested in a filter paper arena test. After 4 h exposure to a low concentration
(2.13 μl/cm2) of garlic extracts, more than 95% repellence was achieved. Our results indicate lethal and
repellent effects of garlic extracts on T. castaneum.

Marzieh Mobki, Seyed Ali Safavi, Mohammad Hasan Safaralizadeh & Omid Panahi (2014) Toxicity and
repellency of garlic (Allium sativum L.) extract grown in Iran against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) larvae
and adults, Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 47:1, 59-68, DOI:
10.1080/03235408.2013.802896

To study if Swedish marine conscripts are a population of high risk to tick-bites and tick-borne diseases
and if tick-bites could be prevented by consumption of garlic. Design: Prospective, randomised double
blind intervention trial. Subjects: 100 individuals from south-eastern Sweden in military service during
1998. Interventions: The survey participants consumed 1200 mg Allium sativum/placebo for eight
weeks, had a wash-out period then changed to placebo/Allium sativum consumption for another ten
weeks. All participants had uniform clothes, the same diet, participated in similar activities, stayed equal
time in tick-endemic nature etceteras. Main outcome measures: Tick-bites were registered in a diary-
sheet after daily inspection of the skin. Results: Totally 286 tick-bites were registered by the
participants. On average the participants registered 0.2 tick-bites per week during military service
compared to 0.03 tick-bites during leave. Results shows significant reduction in tick-bites when
consuming garlic compared to placebo (p<0.05). Furthermore, during placebo consumption, a greater
number of the participants were bitten by ticks (incidence per 10 weeks = garlic, intention to treat 0.5,
per protocol 0.6, placebo, intention to treat 0.5, per protocol 0.7). Swedish marine conscripts are at high
risk of tick bites during military service. Preventive measures, including vaccinations against tick-
transmitted diseases, should be considered. However, our results suggest that garlic may be considered
as a tick repellent for individuals and populations at high risk for tick bite, rather than other agents that
might have more adverse effects.

Garlic as an insect repellent Stjernberg, Louise Berglund, Johan

o
 According to Plata-Rueda ( 2017 )this study evaluated the insecticidal activity of garlic, Allium sativum
Linnaeus (Amaryllidaceae)

essential oil and their principal constituents on Tenebrio molitor. Garlic essential oil, diallyl disulfide, and

diallyl sulfide oil were used to compare the lethal and repellent effects on larvae, pupae and adults of

T. molitor. Six concentrations of garlic essential oil and their principal constituents were topically

applied onto larvae, pupae and adults of this insect. Repellent effect and respiration rate of each

constituent was evaluated. The chemical composition of garlic essential oil was also determined

and primary compounds were dimethyl trisulfide (19.86%), diallyl disulfide (18.62%), diallyl sulfide

(12.67%), diallyl tetrasulfide (11.34%), and 3-vinyl-[4H]-1,2-dithiin (10.11%). Garlic essential oil was

toxic to T. molitor larva, followed by pupa and adult. In toxic compounds, diallyl disulfide was the most

toxic than diallyl sulfide for pupa>larva>adult respectively and showing lethal effects at different

time points. Garlic essential oil, diallyl disulfide and diallyl sulfide induced symptoms of intoxication and

necrosis in larva, pupa, and adult of T. molitor between 20–40h after exposure. Garlic essential oil and

their compounds caused lethal and sublethal effects on T. molitor and, therefore, have the potential for

pest control.

Plata-Rueda, A. et al. Insecticidal activity of garlic essential oil and their constituents

against the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Sci. Rep. 7,
46406;

doi: 10.1038/srep46406 (2017).

Zhao et al. (2013) reported that garlic (Allium sativumL.)

essential oil had strong insecticidal activity against
overwintering pear psyllid adults, Cacopsylla
chinensis(Hemiptera: Psyllidae). Pear psyllid suck plant
juices and produce honeydew, like aphids. These pests can
hinder plant growth and damage terminal buds. In addition,
the honeydew can encourage black sooty mold growth on the
infested plant. Pear psyllid are also known as 'jumping
plantlice' (which may be one of the least appealing
nicknames I have heard).
Zhao's research team analyzed garlic oil and found that the
two main compounds, diallyl trisulfide (50%) and diallyl
disulfide (25%), showed strong acute toxicity against the
overwintering pear psyllid (LC50 values were 0.64 µg and
11.04 µg per insect, respectively). LC50 value is the amount
that kills 50% of the insects. In contrast, pyrethrum extract
has a LC50 value of 1.47 µg per insect. This means that the
main oil in garlic, diallyl trisulfide, is twice as toxic to insects
as pyrethrum.