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Sub topics
HIRARC
SOP ERP
INTERNAL TRANING
AUDIT POLICY SAFETY
COMMITTEE
MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
Principlesused in workplace to manage
safety and health.
Section 15 (2)(a) of OSHA 1994:
which reads “ the provision and
maintenance of plants and systems of
work that are,so far as is practicable,
safe and without risks to health”
What is risk? OHSAS 18001:1999
A Taxi Driver?
Likelihood of an occurrence
• This value is based on the likelihood of an event
occurring.
• You may ask the question “How many times has this
event happened in the past?”
• Assessing likelihood is based worker experience,
analysis or measurement.
• Likelihood levels range from “most likely” to
“inconceivable.”
Step 3 - Conduct Risk Assessment
(Analyze and estimate risk)
• Table below indicates likelihood using the following
values.
Severity of hazard
Severity can be divided into five categories. Severity are
based upon an increasing level of severity to an
individual’s health, the environment, or to property.
Table below indicates severity.
Step 3 - Conduct Risk Assessment
(Analyze and estimate risk)
Severity of hazard
5: BENCANA KEMATIAN
1: SEDIKIT 1 2 3 4 5
KESAN AKIBAT
2: KECIL 2 4 6 8 10
3: SEDERHANA 3 6 9 12 15
4: BESAR 4 8 12 16 20
5: BENCANA 5 10 15 20 25
Dapatkan RPN : Risk Priority Number berdasarkan kebarangkalian dan kesan akibat
Tinggi
‘As KURANGKAN
Low Sederhana SERENDAH YANG
MUNGKIN
As
Rendah
Reasonably BOLEH DITERIMA
Practicable.’
HIRARKI
HIRARKI LANGKAH
LANGKAH KAWALAN
KAWALAN
1. Hapuskan hazard Contohnya, menukar peralatan yang bising, elakkan
menggunakan bahan atau mesin berbahaya,
Sekiranya tidak praktikal, kemudian
2. Tukar sesuatu kepada Contohnya mengangkat beban yang lebih ringan,
yang kurang berisiko gunakan bahan kimia kurang berbahaya, menukar dari
forklift petrol kepada elektrik, gunakan penyedut
hampagas dari penyapu
Sekiranya tidak praktikal, kemudian
3. Asingkan hazard Contohnya mengadakan penghadang sekeliling
tumpahan sehingga dicuci, meletakkan mesin fotostat di
bilik berpengundaraan
Sekiranya tidak praktikal, kemudian
4. Guna kawalan Contohnya menggunakan troli untuk bawa beban berat,
memasang pengadang bahagian jentera berputar
kejuruteraan
Sekiranya tidak praktikal, kemudian
5. Guna kawalan Contohnya mengadakan pusingan kerja, tugasan pendek,
pastikan peralatan diselanggara, amalan kerja selamat,
pentadbiran arahan dan latihan.
Sekiranya tidak praktikal, akhirnya
6.Guna peralatan Contohnya mengadakan perlindungan bising dan mata,
helmet keselamatan, sarung tangan
perlindungan diri
Monitoring controls
• The effectiveness of controls must be checked regularly.
Evaluate and monitor hazard controls during inspections,
routine maintenance, and other activities. Ask the following
questions –
a. have the controls solved the problem?
b. is any risk to workers posed by the controls contained?
c. are all new hazards being identified?
d. are significant, new hazards appropriately controlled?
e. are accident reports being analyzed?
f. are any other measures required?
K: Kebarangkalian
KA: Kesan Akibat
R: Risiko
Kerja ‘formwork’- acuan (satu contoh)
Contoh 2 (Hirarc)
Wood panel cutting process