 What are reactants and product of chemical reactions?

 What are the characteristics of chemical reaction?

 What will be the product when:

Potassium iodide reacts with lead nitrate

Sulphuric acid and barium chloride reacts
 How the color changes when reaction takes place between

Citric acid and purple color potassium permagnate

Sulphurdioxide and acidified potassium dichromate
 Why temperature changes in a chemical reaction?
 Difference between quick lime and slaked lime.
 Examples of reactions where heat is produced and absorbed.
 Combustion reaction of candle wax.
 Short hand method of representing a chemical reaction.
 Points to remember while balancing a chemical reaction.
 What are the ways to make chemical equation more informative?
 Explain the important steps to write balanced chemical equation.
 What are the various oxides of iron metal?
 Differentiate between ferrous and ferric oxide?
 Thermal decomposition.
 What will be the product when decomposition of FeSO4 takes place?
 What is the color of ferrous sulphate crystals?
 What product comes when lead nitrate is heated?
 Electrolysis of water.
 Use of decomposition reaction.
 Oxidizing and reducing agents
 Displacement reaction, aerial oxidation, rusting and redox reaction.
 Effect of oxidation on food.
 How can rancidity prevented.
 Chemical reaction for digestion in our body.
 Two examples of each reaction given below:

Combination
Decomposition
Displacement
Double displacement
 Why should magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air?
 A silver white metal X taken in form of ribbon, when ignited, burns in air with a dazzling white
flame to form a white powder Y. when water is added to powder Y, it dissolves partially to form
another substance Z.

What could metal X be

What is powder Y
With which substances metal X combines to form powder Y
What a substance Z? name one domestic use of substance Z
Write a balanced chemical equation of the reactions which takes place when metal X
burns in air to form powder Y.
 A metal salt MX when exposed to light splits up to form metal M and a gas X2. Metal M is used in
making ornaments where as gas X2 is used in making bleaching powder. The salt MX is itself
used in black and white photography.

What do you think metal M is?

What could b gas X2
Name the metal salt MX
Name nay two salt solution which on mixing together can produce a precipitate of salt
MX
What type of chemical reaction takes place when salt MX is exposed to light? Write
the equation of reaction.
 In the table, the reactants change and form given products. However while changing from
reactants to products the change in color takes place. It is very important for students to know
which color is changed and which new color is formed.
Reactants Products
CuCl2(aq) + Pb(s) PbCl2 + Cu (s)
2AgNO3 (aq) +Cu(s) Cu(NO3)2 (aq) + 2Ag (s)
Fe(s) + 2HCl (aq) FeCl2 (aq) + H2(g)
2FeSO4 (s) Fe2O3 (s)+ SO2 (s) + SO3(g)
CuSO4(aq) +Zn(s) ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu(s)
CuSO4 (aq) + Mg (s) MgSO4 (aq) + Cu(s)
CuSO4 (aq) + Fe(s) FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)

There are some sample questios given below :

1. What is the colour of the precipitate formed when a solution of sodium sulphate is added to a
solution of barium nitrate?

1. Black

2. Blue
 3. Brown

4. White

2. The reaction between iron and copper sulphate in water represents which type of reaction?

1. Single displacement

2. Direct combination

3. Decomposition

4. Double decomposition

3. Which one is not observed when a clean nail of iron is added to a solution of copper sulphate
in water?

1. A brown material is deposited on iron nail

2. After some time blue solution becomes greenish

3. Blue color of copper sulphate fades

4. A blue material is deposited on the iron nail

4. 2FeSO4 (s) --------> Fe2O3 (s) + SO2 (g) + SO3 (g). This reaction is __________ of ferrous
sulphate.

1. Thermal Displacement

2. Combination

3. Thermal Decomposition

4. Double displacement

5. Which one is a double displacement reaction?

1. BaCl2 + Na2SO4 --------> BaSO4 + 2NaCl

2. CaO + H2O ------------> Ca(OH)2

3. 2Pb(NO3)2 --------> 2PbO + 4NO2 + O2

4. Zn + 2AgNO3 ----------> Zn(NO3)2 + 2Ag

6. The mole ratio of Hydrogen and Oxygen gases liberated during electrolysis of water

1. 1:1

2. 2:1

3. 4:1
 4. 1:2

7. Copper displacement which of the following metals from its salt solution:

1. ZnSO4

2. FeSO4

3. FeSO4

4. NiSO4

8. PbS reacts with ozone and forms PbSO4. As per the balanced equation, molecules of ozone
required for every one molecule of PbS are

1. 6

2. 4

3. 3

4. 2

9. Stale food give bad smell and test because of?

1. Corrosion

2. Displacment

3. Heating

4. Rancidity

10. The heating of ferrous sulphate is an example of __________ reaction and the reaction
between iron and copper sulphate is an example of __________ reaction.

1. displacement, decomposition

2. combination, displacement

3. decomposition, displacement

4. combination, decomposition

11. Which of the following is exothermic process

1. Reaction of water with quick lime

2. Dilution of an acid

3. Evaporation of water

4. Sublimation of camphor crystals

12. When dilute hydrochloric acid is added to zinc pieces taken in a test tube:

1. no change takes place

2. the colour of the solution becomes yellow

3. a pungent smelling gas gets liberated

4. small bubbles of hydrogen gas appear on the surface of zinc pieces

13. Following is the reactivity series in decreasing order of their reactivity - Magnesium > Zinc >
Iron > Lead > Copper > Silver > Gold Which one of the following metals can displace copper
from copper sulphate solution?

1. Zn

2. Ag

3. Au

4. None

14. Which of the following gases can be used for storagin fresh sample of an oil for a long time-

1. Carbon dioxide or oxygen

2. Nitrogen or Oxygen

3. Carbon dioxide or Helium

4. Nitrogen or Helium

15. Dissolved sugar is an example of

1. Physical change

2. Redox reaction

3. Chemical reaction

4. None of the above

16. 1. How will you test for a gas which is liberated when HCL reacts with an active metal? (CBSE 2008)
17. 2. What is baking powder? How does it make the cake soft and spongy? (CBSE 2008)
18. 3. When fresh milk is changed into curd will its pH value increase or decrease? Why?
19. 4. Give Arrhenius definition of an acid and a base. (CBSE 2009)
20. 5. What happens chemically when quick lime is added to water? (CBSE 2008)
21. 6. Name the gas evolved when dilute HCL reacts with Sodium hydrogen carbonate. How is it
recognized? (CBSE 2008)
22. 7. How does the flow of acid rain water into a river make the survival of aquatic life in the river
difficult? (CBSE 2008)
23. 8. How is the pH of a solution of an acid influenced when it is diluted? (CBSE 2008 F)
24. 9. How does the pH of the solution change when a solution of base is diluted? (CBSE 2008 F)
25. 10. Arrange these in increasing order of their pH values- NaOH, blood, lemon juice. (CBSE 2008 F)
26. 11. Two solutions of A and B have pH values of 5 and 8. Which solution will be basic in
nature? (CBSE 2008 C)
27. 12. Why does tooth decay start when pH of mouth is lower than 5.5? (CBSE 2009)
28. 13. What would be the colour of litmus in a solution of sodium carbonate? (CBSE 2009)
29. 14. Name the products obtained when sodium hydrogen carbonate is heated. Write the chemical equation
for the same. (AI CBSE 2009)
30. 15. Write the chemical formula of washing soda and baking soda. Which one of these two is an ingredient
of antacids? How does it provide relief in stomachache? (CBSE 2008 F)
31. 16. What do you mean by �water of crystallization� of a substance? Describe an activity to show that
blue copper sulphate crystals contain water of crystallization. (CBSE 2009 F)
32. 17. How can washing soda be obtained from baking soda? Name an industrial use of washing soda other
than washing clothes. (AI CBSE 2008)
33. 18. Why does 1 M HCL solutions have a higher concentration of H+ ions than 1M CH3COOH
solution? (AI CBSE 2009)
34. 1. Why is Plaster of Paris stored in a moisture proof container?
35. 2. What do you mean by neutralization reaction? Give two examples.
36. 3. Mention two uses of baking soda and washing soda.
37. 4. Why does a milkman add a small amount of baking soda to fresh milk to shift the pH of fresh milk from
6 to slightly alkaline?
38. 5. Why do acids not show acidic behavior in the absence of water?
39. 6. Rain water conducts electricity but distilled water does not. Why?
40. 7. Why don’t we keep sour substances in brass and copper vessels?
41. 8. What is the common name of CaOCl2?
42. 9. Name the compound used for softening hard water.
43. 10. What happens when baking soda is heated?
44. 11. Give the properties and uses of bleaching powder.
45. 12. Give a few uses of acids, bases and salts respectively.
46. 1. (a) Complete the following equations:

47.
48. (b) Write the name of the following:
49. (i) CH3CH2COOH (ii) CH3CH2Br
50. (c) Draw the electron dot structure of ethene (C2H4).
51. (CBSE 2008 C)
52. 2. (a) Name the compound CH3CH2OH and identify its functional group.
53. (b) Give a chemical test to distinguish between ethanol and ethanoic acid.
54. (c) Name the product formed when an organic acid reacts with an alcohol in presence of an acid
catalyst. What is the name assigned to this type of reaction?
55. (AI CBSE 2008 C)
56. 3. (a) Name the compound CH3COOH and identify its funcational group.
57. (b) Give a chemical test to identify this compound.
58. (c) Name the gas evolved when this compound acts on solid sodium carbonate. How would you
identify this gas?
59. 4. (a) Give a chemical test to distinguish between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
60. (b) (i) Name the products formed when ethanol burns in air.
61. (ii) What two forms of energy are liberated on burning alcohol?
62. (c) Why is the reaction between methane and chlorine considered a substitution reaction?
63. (AI CBSE 2008 C)
64. 5. Give reason for the following observations:
65. (a) The element carbon forms a very large number of compounds.
66. (b) Air holes of a gas burner have to be adjusted when the heated vessels get blackened by the
flame.
67. (c) Use of synthetic detergents causes pollution of water. (CBSE 2009)
68. 6. (a) What is vinegar?
69. (b) Describe with a chemical equation, what happens when sodium hydrogen carbonate reacts with
ethanoic acid.
70. 7. (a) Write the names of the functional groups in:

71.
72. (b) Describe a chemical test to distinguish between ethanol and ethanoic acid.
73. (c) Write a chemical equation to represent what happens when hydrogen gas is passed through an
unsaturated hydrocarbons in the presence of nickel as a catalyst.
74. (CBSE 2009 F)
75. 8. (a) Why does carbon form compounds mainly by covalent bonding?
76. (b) List any two reasons for carbon forming a very large number of compounds.
77. (c) An organic acid ‘X’ is a liquid which often freezes during winter time in cold countries, has the
molecular formula, C2H4O2. On warmong it with ethanol in the presence of a few drops of concentrated
sulphuric acid, a compound ‘Y’ with a sweet smell is formed.
78. (i) Identify ‘X’ and ‘Y’.
79. (ii) Write a chemical equation for the reaction involved. (CBSE 2008)
80. 9. (a) What is homologous series of compounds? List any two characteristics of a homologous series.
81. (b) (i) What would be observed on adding 5% solution of alkaline potassium permanganate solution
drop by drop to some warm ethanol taken in a test tube?
82. (ii) Write the name of the compound formed during the chemical reaction.
83. (c) How would you distinguish experimentally between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid on the
basis of a chemical property?
84. (CBSE 2008)
85. 10. (a) What is a functional group in a carbon compound? Identify the functional group present in
CH3COOH and C2H5OH.
86. (b) State the principle on which the cleansing action of soap is based.
87. (CBSE 2008)
88. 11. (a) What is homologous series? Give one example.
89. (b) What will happens if ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of an acid as a catalyst?
90. Name the reaction. Write the chemical reaction for this reaction.
91. (c) Why are soaps ineffective in hard water?
92. (CBSE 2008 C)
93. 12. (a) Distinguish between esterification and saponification reactions of organic compounds.
94. (b) With a labelled diagram describe an activity to show the formation of an ester.
95. (AI CBSE 2009)
96. 13. (a) The structural formula of an ester is

97.
98. Write the structural formula of the corresponding alcohol and the acid.
99. (b) (i) Mention the experimental conditions involved in obtaining ethene from ethanol.
100. (ii) Write the chemical equation for the above reaction.
101. (c) Explain the cleansing action of soap.
102. (CBSE 2009 F)
103. 1. Name two allotrapes of carbon.
104. 2. Why covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points?
105. 3. Give two properties of ethanol.
106. 4. What are heteroatoms?
107. 5. Define catalyst.
108. 6. Name the peculiar/specific chemical property exclusive in case of saturated hydrocarbons
and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
109. 7. Why does carbon forms large number of compounds?
110. 8. Write the structural formula for brompentane and ethanoic acid.
111. 9. How does ethanoic acid react with carbonates and hydrogen carbonates? Show it with the
equation.
112. 10. Draw the structures of two isomers of butane.
113. 11. Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Give one example for each.
114. 12. Diamond and graphite show different physical properties although they are made up of
carbon and shows same chemical properties. What is the property called?
115. 13. What is denatured alcohol?
116. 14. What is esterification and give its uses?
117. 15. Give difference between soap and detergent.
118. Dobereiners law and new lands law of octave
119. Merits and limitations of Mendeleev classification of elements
120. What are metalloids?
121. A, and B are 2 elements having similar properties which obey new lands law of
octave. How many elements are there in between A and B?
122. A, B and C are the elements of Dobereiner’s traid? If the atomic mass of A is 7 and
that of C is 39, what should be the atomic mass of B?
123. What is the significance of atomic number in the modern classification of elements?
Explain with the help of example.
124. Where hydrogen should be placed in modern periodic table? Give reason
125. State the periodic law on which Mendeleev’s periodic table was based? Why and
how was this periodic law changed?
126. Would you place the two isotopes of chlorine, Cl-35 and Cl-37 in different slots
because of their different atomic masses or in the same slot because their chemical
properties are same? Explain?
127. What are the characteristics of valence electron?
128. How to find the group number and period number of any element?
129. Carbon (atomic number 6) and silicon (atomic number 14) are elements in the same
group of the periodic table. Give the electronic arrangements of the carbon and silicon
atoms, and state the group in which these elements are present.
130. Merits of the modern periodic table
131. Elements X and Y belong to groups 1 and 17 of the periodic table respectively. What
will be the nature of the bond in the compound XY?
132. An element X is in group 13 of the periodic table. What is the formula of its oxide?
133. Change of atomic radii while going in a periodic table from left to right
134. Variation of valancy while moving top to bottom in the group
135. Explain: do all the elements of group have similar chemical properties
136. How do electro positive character of elements changes while going down in a group
of a periodic table?
 137. Reason for not giving any fixed position to hydrogen in Mendeleev’s periodic table
138. The atomic size gets decrease while moving left to right in the third period. Why?
139. The chemical reactivity first decrease and then increases while moving left to right in
the third period. Why?
140. Variation in the atomic size, metallic character and chemical reactivity while moving
from top to bottom with reason
141. Zerovalent group

There are some sample questios given below :

1. Which of the following is not true for metalloids?

a. They are borderline elements that exhibit both metallic and non metallic properties to some extent.
b. They usually act as electron donors with non-metals and as electron acceptors with metals,
c. Some of these elements are boron, silicon and germanium.
d. They are good conductors of heat and electricity.

2. Which of the following statement (s) about the Modern Periodic Table are incorrect
i. The elements in the Modern Periodic Table are arranged on the basis of their decreasing atomic
number
ii. The elements in the Modern Periodic Table are arranged on the basis of their increasing atomic
masses
iii. Isotopes are placed in adjoining group (s) in the Periodic Table
iv. The elements in the Modern Periodic Table are arranged on the basis of their increasing atomic
number
a. (i) only
b. (i), (ii) and (iii)
c. (i), (ii) and (iv)
d. (iv) only

3. Which of the following is the correct order of decreasing first ionization energy:
a. C > B > Be > Li
b. C > Be > B > Li
c. B > C > Be > Li
d. Be > Li > B > C

4. The first ionization energy of an element is 736 kJ per mole of atoms. An atom of this element in
the ground state has a total of how many valence electrons?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

5. Arrange the following elements in the order of their increasing nonmetallic character: Li, O, C, Be,
F
a. F < O < C < Be < Li
b. Li < Be < C < O< F
c. F < O < C < Be < Li
d. F < O < Be < C < Li

6. Six elements A, B, C, D, E and F have the following atomic numbers (A = 12, B = 17, C = 18, D =
7, E = 9 and F = 11). Among these elements, the element, which belongs to the 3rd period and has
the highest ionization potential, is
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. F

7. Which of the following are the characteristics of isotopes of an element?

i. Isotopes of an element have same atomic masses
ii. Isotopes of an element have same atomic number
iii. Isotopes of an element show same physical properties
iv. Isotopes of an element show same chemical properties
a. (i), (iii) and (iv)
b. (ii), (iii) and (iv)
c. (ii) and (iii)
d. (ii) and (iv)

8. Which of the following hydroxides is most basic?

a. Be(OH)2
b. Ba(OH)2
c. Ca(OH)2
d. Mg(OH) 2

9. The statement that is not true about electron affinity is

a. It causes energy to be released
b. It causes energy to be absorbed
c. It is expressed in electron volts
d. It involves formation of an anion

10. Which of the following is Dobereiner’s triad?

a. Ne,Ca,Na
b. H2,N2, O2
c. Li, Na, K
d. Na, Br