Bulacan State University

City of Malolos, Bulacan

College of Nursing

In Partial Fulfillment of the requirements in the Subject nursing Care Management 103 B
RLE
(NCM 103 B RLE)

Community health Nursing

(Case of Population Group with Problems on Oxygenation, Fluids & electrolytes,
Gastrointestinal, Endocrine)

Submitted to:
Roxanee Gay Pacayra,RN
Clinical Instructor

Submitted by:
Rectin, Jovie R.
Viray, Annabelle G.
BSN 3A

Date Submitted:
August 24, 2010
I. INTRODUCTION
Hypertension is one of the most common worldwide diseases afflicting humans.
Because of the associated morbidity and mortality and the cost to society, hypertension is
an important public health challenge. Over the past several decades, extensive research,
widespread patient education, and a concerted effort on the part of health care
professionals have led to decreased mortality and morbidity rates from the multiple organ
damage arising from years of untreated hypertension.
National Nutrition and Health Survey found that seven million Filipinos suffer
from hypertension. The Department of Health data showed that only 13.6% of
hypertensive’s are aware of their condition since hypertension causes minimal or no
symptoms at all.
Hypertension (HTN) or high blood pressure is a chronic medical condition in
which the blood pressure in the arteries is elevated. It is the opposite of hypotension. It is
classified as either primary (essential) or secondary. About 90-95% of cases are termed
"primary hypertension", which refers to high blood pressure for which no medical cause
can be found. The remaining 5-10% of cases (Secondary hypertension) are caused by
other conditions that affect the kidneys, arteries, heart, or endocrine system.
High blood pressure (HBP) or hypertension means high pressure (tension) in the
arteries. Arteries are vessels that carry blood from the pumping heart to all the tissues and
organs of the body. High blood pressure does not mean excessive emotional tension,
although emotional tension and stress can temporarily increase blood pressure. Normal
blood pressure is below 120/80; blood pressure between 120/80 and 139/89 is called
"pre-hypertension", and a blood pressure of 140/90 or above is considered high. Many
factors can affect blood pressure, including how much water and salt you have in your
body, the condition of your kidneys, nervous system, or blood vessels and the levels of
different body hormones. You are more likely to be told your blood pressure is too high
as you get older. This is because your blood vessels become stiffer as you age. When that
happens, your blood pressure goes up. High blood pressure increases your chance of
having a stroke, heart attack, heart failure, kidney disease, and early death