1. A drug has an apparent volume of distribution(Vd) of 9.

Process by which the amount of active drug in the body

approximately 30 L/kg. The best interpretation of this is reduced after absorption into systemic circulation is:
information drug is which of the following?
Ans. Elimination
Ans. Extensively distributed to sites outside the
10. Process by which a drug in the body is reduced after
vascular and interstitial spaces
administration but before entering the systemic
2. Evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of a drug under circulation:
development leads to the finding that it “undergoes
Ans. First-pass effect
significant first-pass hepatic metabolism.
11. In clinics, the quantal dose - response curves are
Ans. Oral
often:
3. Two drugs act on the same tissue or organ via
Ans. Obtainable only in the study of intact subject.
activation of different receptors, resulting in effects that
POPULATION!
are qualitatively the opposite of one another. Which of
the following types of antagonism? 12. An antagonist that interacts directly with the agonist
and not at all or only incidentally with the receptor.
Ans. Physiologic Antagonism
Ans. Pharmacologic antagonist
4. We are conducting pharmacokinetics studies on a drug
and we make S graph that plots serum drug 13. Provides information about the potency and
concentrations overtime. Which of the following is maximum efficacy of a drug is the ?
calculated as the ratio of the area under the curve (AUC)
obtained by Oral Administration versus the AUC for Ans. Graded dose response curve
intravenous administration of the same drugs? 14. Which of the following is not a phase I drug
Ans. Bioavailability metabolism reaction?

5. Which of the following is a PH II metabolic reaction as Ans. Acetylation (phase II)

far as drug elimination goes? ***oxidation p450, oxidation p450 independent,
Ans. Glucoronidation reductions, hydrolyses

*** Acetylation, glutathione conjugation, glycine 15. The maximum effect achieved by a drug is measure
conjugation, sulfation, methylation of?

6. Which of the following factors determines how long it Ans. Efficacy / another name nya yan! Hahahaha
will take for the drug to reach a steady-state 16. Which of the following is the characteristic of a highly
concentration (CSS) in the blood? protein bound drug?
Ans. Half-life Ans. Rapid renal excretion
7. We administer a highly lipid-soluble drug and monitor 17. Pharmacodynamics involved the study of which of the
its elimination the data indicate that it is transformed to a following?
variety of more polar metabolites by a group of heme
proteins that activate molecular oxygen to a form that is Ans. Physiological effects and mechanism of action of
capable of interacting with organic substrates. Which of drugs ( about drugs to body!)
the following is the most likely enzyme or enzyme system 18. Synthetic metabolism of a drug include the following
involved in the initial metabolism of our test drug? except:
Ans. Cytochrome P450s Ans. Hydrolysis (***kasi ang synthetic phase II)
8. All of the following are general mechanism of drug 19. Biotransformation the drugs is to render them?
permeation.
Ans. More lipid soluble (gagawing lipid soluble for
Ans. Aqueous diffusion, lipid diffusion, endocytosis better absorption)
and special carrier transport
20. In the presence of competitive antagonist is:
 Ans. Maximum response can be achieved by 25. Therapeutically undesired but unavoidable
increasing the concentration of agonist. pharmacodynamic effect of a drug in therapuetic dose is
called:
21. What is tachyphylaxis?
Ans. Side effects
Ans. Rapidly developing tolerance to a drug
26. Which of the followingg antihypertensive drugs is
22. The passage of drugs into the petus from the placenta
most likely to increase serum uric acid levels and can
is by?
precipitate attach of gout?
Ans. Active transport
Ans. Hydrochlothiazide
23. Which of the following does not lead to termination of
27. Your patient is a 53 year old man with well controlled
drug actions:
type 2 diabetes and normal renal function. Which drug
Ans. Passive reabsorption from renal tubular would be the most rational first choice for starting his
epithelium. (NOT SURE) antihypertensive therapy?

24. Idiosyncrasy reaction of a drug is: Ans. ACE inhibitor

Ans. Unpredictable, inherent, qualitatively abnormal 28. A hypertensive tachycardic female pt. Has a chronic
reaction of a drug open angle glaucoma which of the following drugs would
be the most rational choice for this patient?

Ans. Timolol