Review: Atoms

Name: ____Mr. John_____________ Date: ____KEY______________

1. The 3 particles of the atom are:
a. proton b. neutron c. electron
2. Their respective charges are:
a. positive b. neutral c. negative
3. The number of protons in one atom of an element determines the atom’s identity, and the number of
electrons determines its electrical charge.
4. The atomic number tells you the number of protons in one atom of an element. It also tells you the number
of electrons in a neutral atom of that element. The atomic number gives the “identity “of an element as well
as its location on the Periodic Table. No two different elements will have the same atomic number.
5. The atomic mass of an element is the average mass of an element’s naturally occurring atoms, or isotopes,
taking into account the percentage of each isotope.
6. The atomic mass of an element is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.
7. The mass number is used to calculate the number of neutrons & electrons in one atom of an element. In
order to calculate the number of neutrons you must subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass.
8. Give the symbol and number of protons in one atom of:
Lithium Li, 3____________ Bromine Br, 35___________ Iron Fe, 26________________
Copper Cu, 29___________ Oxygen O, 8_____________ Mercury Hg, 80____________
Krypton Kr, 36__________ Helium He, 2_____________
9. Give the symbol and number of electrons in a neutral atom of:
Uranium U, 92______________ Chlorine Cl, 17________________ Boron B, 5_______________
Iodine I, 53_________________ Antimony Sb, 51______________ Xenon Xe, 54____________
10. Give the symbol and number of neutrons in one atom of:
(To get “mass number”, you must round the “atomic mass” to the nearest whole number)
Barium Ba, 81______________ Bismuth Bi, 126_____________ Carbon C, 6________________
Hydrogen H, 0_____________ Fluorine F, 10_______________ Magnesium Mg, 12__________
Europium Eu, 90___________ Mercury Hg, 121____________
11. Name the element which has the following numbers of particles:
a. 26 electrons, 29 neutrons, 26 protons Iron, Fe________
b. 53 protons, 74 neutrons Iodine, I__________________
c. 2 electrons (neutral atoms) Helium, He_____________
d. 20 protons Calcium, Ca_____________
e. 0 neutrons Hydrogen, H_____________
12. At a minimum, what information must you have to determine the identity of an element? # of P+ .
A
A typical isotopic symbol takes this form: Z X
Where: X = element symbol; A = mass number [# of protons (p) + # neutrons (n)];
Z = atomic number [# of protons]; N = # of neutrons; A – Z = N

13. Fill in the missing items in the table below.

isotopic
Name symbol Z A #p #e #n
symbol
23
sodium Na 11 23 11 11 12 11 Na

35
chlorine Cl 17 35 17 17 18 17 Cl

39
potassium K 19 39 19 19 20 19 K

isotopic
Name symbol Z A #p #e #n
symbol
31
phosphorus P 15 31 15 15 16 15 P

56
iron Fe 26 56 26 26 30 26 Fe

127
iodine I 53 127 53 53 74 53 I

isotopic
Name symbol Z A #p #e #n
symbol
108
silver Ag 47 108 47 47 61 47 Ag

84
krypton Kr 36 84 36 36 48 36 Kr

184
tungsten W 74 184 74 74 110 74 W

14. In a neutral atom, # Protons = # Electrons: True or False?

15. Thallium has two isotopes: thallium-203 and thallium-205. Thallium's atomic number is 81, and its atomic
mass is 204.38 amu. Which statement about the thallium isotopes is true?
a. There is more thallium-203 in nature c. Thallium-205 atoms have fewer neutrons
b. Atoms of both isotopes have 81 protons d. The mass of the most common Tl atom = 204.38 amu.
16. Atoms consist of: (check all that apply) Protons Neutrons Molecules Electrons
17. Which of these descriptions is incorrect?
Proton: positive charge, in nucleus, mass of = 1 amu
Electron: negative charge, mass of = 0 amu, in nucleus
Neutron: mass of = 1 amu, no charge
18. The atom that has atomic mass of 12 has ___6____________ protons.
19. What do you call an atom that is positively or negatively charged because it gained or lost one or more
electrons? Ion
20. The valence electron(s) is/are the outer most electron(s) in an atom.
21. The center of an atom is called the: nucleus
22. In an atom, the electrons form a cloud around the nucleus.
23. Objects that are electrically neutral become negatively charged when they gain electrons.
24. In an element with a neutral charge, the atomic number is equal to the number of p+ & e‒.
25. _____________ are particles with no charge. Protons Neutrons Electrons
26. _____________ are negatively charged particles. Protons Neutrons Electrons
27. _____________ are positively charged particles. Protons Neutrons Electrons
28. The atom has the following parts
ions, protons, electrons protons, electrons, neutrons
protons, electrons, molecules elements, neutron protons
29. What charge do protons carry? Positive Negative Neutral
30. Is an atom the smallest particle of matter? True False
31. Determine the average atomic mass of this mixture of naturally occurring isotopes of Barium.
Isotope N.A.% amu

Ba - 130 0.106% 0.1378

Ba - 132 0.101% 0.13332

Ba - 134 2.417% 3.23878

Ba - 135 6.592% 8.8992

Ba - 136 7.854% 10.68144

Ba - 137 11.23% 15.3851

Ba - 138 71.7% 98.946

Sum = 137.4216
32. Some possible sources of experimental error are: Inaccurate measurements; flawed methodology; poor
experimental design; careless practices; inadequate or inferior tools; unforeseen circumstances or
occurrences.