ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Concentration, dedication, hard-work & application are essential but not only the

factors to achieve the desired goal.All these are supplemented by guidance,

assistance & co-operation of People to make it success.Every complete successful

assignment is the result of many hands Join together.

I am thankful to Markfed Agrochemicals, Mohali for providing such a friendly and

learning environment throughout the period of training. I am grateful to Mr. Sanjeev

Kumar Jha, Deputy General Manager, for providing me the opportunity to undertake

training at this plant. I am highly indebted to Mr. R.P. Sharma, Subject Expert, who,

given his knowledge and expertise was ever ready to answer our queries. Also I

would like to thank S. Sarabjit Singh Bajwa, Superintendent, for constant support and

cooperation throughout the process of training. This learning process would have been

incomplete without the slight contributions of the staff at Markfed Agrochemicals,

Mohali.

1
 DECLARATION

I, Amrinder singh hereby declare that the project entitled ,Co-operative Marketing

assigned to me by Markfed AgroChemicals Mohali, during my major research

project for M.B.A, Degree from Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib is the

Original work done by me and the information provided in the study is authentic to the

best of my knowledge

This study has not been submitted to any other institution or university for the award of
any other degree.

2
 ABSTRACT

Agriculture is a very important sector in India. However development of this sector

has been slow and productivity and output as not been up to standard as India has

shown immense potential in the past. This research was carried out to find out

whether Markfed can be used to develop India agriculture. Through this report I have

looked at some of the problems that are facing India agriculture today and whether

Markfed can solve those problems have also looked in to points that stand in the

way between Markfed and agricultural development and Co-operative Marketing . I

have also focused on areas such as the benefits that farmers can gain by embracing

Markfed. However for my research to be meaningful I have taken into consideration

that it is possible to provide agricultural areas with good Marketing of Markfed And

also farmers can gain access to databases that contains necessary information about

proper farming.

3
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

 Acknowledgement………………………………………………….1

 Declaration…………………………………………………………2

 Abstract……...………………………………………………..……3

 Table of Contents……...……………………………………..……4

 Chapter 1

Introduction about co-operative marketing……………….……….5

Introduction about Industry Profile………………………….…….17

Introduction about Company profile………………………………24

 Chapter 2

Review of Literature………………………………………………38

 Chapter 3

Research Methodology & Objective..……………………………..40

 Chapter 4

Data Presentation and Analysis……………………………………45

 Chapter 5

Summery of Research Finding……………………………………56

 Bibliography…………………………………………………….…60

 Appendix……………………………………………...……………61

4
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION ABOUT CO-OPERATIVE MARKETING

The Punjab State Co-op Supply & Marketing Federation Ltd. known as “Markfed”

was registered in 1954. At the time of registration, it began with one bicycle, three

employees, thirteen members and a capital of Rs.54,000/-, it has now achieved

meteoric volumes and has grown to become the largest marketing co-operative in

Asia with an annual turnover of over Rs.11600 Corers during 2013-2014 with 1932

employees. Markfed operates through 17 District offices over 100 Branch offices in

Mandi Towns and 9 processing and trading units.

Markfed’s net worth as on 31.03.12 is Rs.70 Crore and the number of members has

expanded to 3051 . Markfed has emerged as a very solid and stable organization

committed to the service of the farmer community of the State of Punjab.

Markfed has been awarded National Productivity Awards in various fields like

co-operative marketing activities, food processing, cattlefeed production etc., to name

a few.

Several innovative incentive schemes have been introduced for the benefit of the

farmers and the member co-operative societies. Markfed has also introduced an

insurance scheme which provides compensation in case of accidental death or

permanent disablement of its farmer members.

Markfed contributes to research & development through the Punjab Agricultural

University, Ludhiana (Punjab).

Markfed has been regularly distributing its profits as dividend to its members,

contributing to co-operative development and the Common Good Fund. A fair amount

is also re-invested in the setting up of new projects, moderation and diversification of

existing plants.

5
1.1 Co-operative Movement in India

The history of co-operative movement in India is more than a hundred years old.

However, for the purpose of this study, the co- operative movement in India has been

divided into two periods i.e. Pre-independence period and Post-independence period.

1.1.1 Pre-independence Period

In India, the co-operative movement owes its origin to agriculture and allied

sectors. The problems of rural indebtedness and the consequent conditions of

farmers,

during the latter part of the 19th century created an environment of co-operative

societies. The farmers, generally, found the co-operatives as an attractive apparatus

for pooling their meagre resources for solving common problems relating to credit,

inputs and marketing of agricultural produce. The experience gained in the working of

co-operatives led to the enactment of Co-operative Credit Societies Act, 1904. This

act was restricted to credit co-operatives and provided for the constitution of societies.

Subsequently, a more comprehensive legislation called the Co-operative Societies

Act, 1912 was enacted. The Act provided for organizing co-operative for providing

non-credit services to members and for federations of co-operatives. Non-credit

activities like purchase and sale unions, marketing societies, non-agricultural sector,

handloom weavers and other artisans were cooperatively organized. In 1914, a

committee on cooperation under the chairmanship of Sir Edward Maclagen was

appointed to study the state of, and make recommendations for future of co-operatives

in the country. The committee recommended for building a strong three-tier structure

in every province with primaries at the base level, the central co- operative banks at

the middle and provincial co-operative banks at the apex level to provide short-term

6
and medium-term finance. The committee emphasized on ensuring co-operative

character of these institutions, education of members and training of members,

registrar and his staff. The suggestions of the committee were basically related to

credit co-operatives

Further, in 1919, under the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms, the cooperation became a

provincial subject; and the provinces were authorised to make their own co-operative

laws. The first provincial act, the Bombay Co-operative Societies Act 1925

introduced the principle of one-man one-vote. During 1928 to 1934, numerous

committees were also set up to provide stimulus to the growth of co- operative

marketing. These include Royal Commission on Agriculture (1928) which favoured

the need for group marketing than individual marketing, The Central Banking Enquiry

Committee (1931) stressed on the need for organized marketing, and The XI

Conference of Registrar of Co-operative Societies (1934) also emphasized the

importance of co-operative marketing. Later on, in order to cover co- operative

societies with membership from more than one province, the Government of India

enacted the Multi-Unit Co-operative Societies Act, 1942 which dealt with

incorporation and winding up of co- operative societies having jurisdiction in more

than one province. Since then, various other committees were set up to look into

the problems of co-operatives and made suggestions for them to play an important

role in rural and agricultural development.

1.1.2 Post-independence Period

After India attained independence in 1947, co-operatives assumed a great

significance and were given a vital role in the various plans formulated by the

Planning Commission and in various committees set up to revitalize co-operatives.

7
The First Five Year Plan (1951-56) emphasized on adoption of the co-operative

method of organization to cover all aspects of community development. Major

development during this period was setting of Gorewala Committee popularly known

as All India Rural Credit Survey Committee in 1951 which in its report recommended

government participation in the share capital of co-operatives, importance of training,

creation of State Bank of India, establishment of apex co-operative marketing

federations, district and primary marketing societies, linking credit with marketing,

etc. The Second Five Year Plan (1956-61) favoured building co-operative sector as a

part of scheme of planned development in national policy, linking credit and

non-credit societies, membership in co-operatives from each family, etc. In 1958, the

National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation (NAFED) was set up as an

apex body of co- operative marketing. The Third Five Year Plan (1961-69) focused

on making co-operatives as a form of

organization in various fields of economic life like agriculture, small industries and

processing, marketing, housing, transport, etc. Various national institutes were set

up during the plan period like National Cooperative Development Corporation

(NCDC) in 1963 which boosted the growth of co-operative marketing and

processing societies, National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) in 1965 for

growth of Indian dairy co-operative movement, reorganization of National

Cooperative Union of India (NCUI) in 1961 to promote co-operative movement in

India, etc. Committees set up during the plan period like The Mirdha Committee in

1965, recommended that all the membership of the agricultural co- operative

marketing societies should be restricted only to the agriculturists; and M. L.

Dantwala Committee in its interim report in 1966 gave major recommendations

regarding two-tier structure of marketing societies, viz. apex societies at the state

8
level and primary societies at the mandi level, use of co-operatives as the principal

agents for procurement, etc. The Fourth Five Year Plan (1969-74) focussed on

making short-term and medium structure viable through re-orgnization of

co-operatives and to make policies favouring small cultivators. The All India Rural

Credit Review Committee, 1969 set up during the period recommended the

strengthening of co-operative marketing. The Fifth Five Year Plan (1974-79)

recommended formulation of farmers‟ service co-operatives and need for

professional management of co-operatives. The Sixth Five Year Plan (1979-85)

emphasized on improving the economic conditions of the rural poor though

co-operatives, re-organizing of primary agricultural credit societies, strengthening

linkages between consumer and marketing co-operatives, development of fishery,

dairy and minor irrigation co- operatives, etc. NationaBank for Agriculture and

Rural Development (NABARD) was also set up in1982 to provide re-finance to

co-operative banks to enhance credit flow to the agriculture and rural sector. The

Multi-State Cooperative Act Societies (MSCS) of 1984 was also enacted during the

Sixth Five Year Plan to facilitate the organization and functioning of multi-state

societies thereby revoking the earlier Multi- Unit Co-operative Societies Act of

1942. The Seventh Five Year Plan (1985-90) suggested development of primary

agricultural credit societies, special plan for north-eastern region, promoting

professional management, developing consumer co-operatives in urban as well as

rural areas, etc. The Eight Five Year Plan (1992-97) emphasized on giving more

autonomy and democratizing co-operative movement by making co-operatives as

self-managed, self-regulated and self-reliant institutions. From the Ninth Five Year

Plan (1997-2002), there was no specific mention of co-operatives as a part of plan.

The Multi-State Cooperative Societies Act 1984 was modified and replaced by The

9
MSCS Act, 2002. In 2002, the Government formulated a national co- operative

policy for the all-round development of co-operatives and also formed a ministerial

task force to formulate a plan of action for implementation of national co-operative

policy. The task force suggested a single law instead of parallel laws in states and

also in order to depoliticize co-operatives members of parliament or members of

legislative assemblies should not be allowed to hold office of any co- operative

society. During the Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-2007), states were recommended to

take follow up action on The Multi State co- operatives Act, 2002 for functional

and financial autonomy of co- operatives. In 2004, the Government of India set up a

task force under the chairmanship of Prof. A. Vaidyanathan to suggest action plan

for reviving rural co-operative credit institutions and necessary legal measures for

facilitating this process. In 2004, co-operative movement in India completed 100

years of its existence. The Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12) focused on adopting

the recommendations of the Vaidyanathan Committee. The government formulated

a revival package for restructuring and strengthening of the rural co-operative credit

institutions.

1.2 Structure of Co-operative Marketing in India

The National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India (NAFED)

was established in 1958 as an apex body of the state marketing federations, and

handles much of the domestic and most of the export marketing for its member

organizations. At the state level, there are apex (State) co-operative marketing

federations which serve the state as a whole. Their members are both the primary

co-operative marketing societies and the central co-operative unions of the state.

The main function of these is to coordinate the activities of the affiliated societies

and conduct such activities as inter and intra-state trade, procurement, distribution

10
of inputs and essential consumer goods, dissemination of market information and

rendering expert advice on the marketing of agricultural produce. At the district

level, there are central co-operative marketing unions. Their main job is to market

the produce brought for sale by the primary co-operative marketing societies that

are members of these unions in addition to the individual farmer members. At the

base level, there are primary co-operative marketing societies which market the

produce of the farmer members in that area. Thus, a network of co-operatives at the

local, state, and national level assists in agricultural marketing in India. The

structure of co-operative marketing in India is diagrammatically presented in Figure

NAFED

State Marketing Federation

District/Central Marketing Primary Marketing Societies

Societies (2-tier pattern)

Primary Marketing Societies

(3-tier pattern)

Farmers

11
1.3 Marketing Practices Of Markfed
The marketing function in MARKFED is performed by the marketing division. The

marketing division adopts appropriate marketing strategies to cut wasteful

expenditure. The main objective of the marketing division is to provide quality

products to the consumers and the farmers at the competitive rates. The marketing

division helps the processing units producing different products to find markets for

their products. The MARKFED markets its products under the brand name SOHNA.

The marketing practices of MARKFED under various Ps are:

1.3.1 Product
The product mix of MARKFED includes various genres of products. The product mix

consists of canned products, bottled products, Agro-chemicals, edible/refined oils,

animal feed and rice. The product mix of MARKFED keeps on changing as per the

needs of consumers and farmers. The current product mix of MARKFED is presented

in figure

1.3.2 Price
The prices of the products of MARKFED are fixed keeping in view the prices of

competitive products and cost structure. Whereas the prices of controlled inputs like

urea are fixed as per policy of the government. The consumer products at the retail

outlets of the federation are sold in retail at rates lesser than MRP to the employees.

1.3.3 Place
The MARKFED delivers its products through various distribution channels like C&F

agents, distributors and retailers or combination of some of them depending upon the

requirement of a particular market. The federation also has its retail outlets and the

co-operative societies that are used as a mode of distribution. The federation has

international dealers for selling its products abroad.

12
1.3.4 People

People form a very important part of a federation. The MARKFED promotes welfare

of its employees by providing security of service through common cadre rules,

incentive, welfare facilities and training facilities to increase efficiency and improve

productivity.

1.3.5 Process
The products of the federation are provided to the consumers and farmers at

appropriate time through various distribution channels. In the case of inputs, farmers

are also explained about the usage of products through various training camps

organized by the federation.

1.3.6 Physical Evidence

The physical evidence reveals that the head office of the federation is properly located

and has proper welfare facilities like drinking water, sitting arrangements etc. in its

premises. The 22 district offices of the federation cover the entire state of Punjab

fulfilling the needs of people of remote areas. Proper documentation of records is

done both at the federation and district offices. But the infrastructural facilities which

are lacking at the district offices need to be upgraded further.

1.4 Exports
India due to its exceptional work in the field of exports. It helps farmers by procuring

their produce and organizing exports. A vast range of products of MARKFED have

found markets in the foreign countries like UAE, UK, US, Canada, Germany, Poland,

Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Afghanistan, etc. The MARKFED exports its branded

products and unbranded products and is also a nodal agency for exports of fruits,

vegetables and foodgrains and also organises food festivals in the USA, UK, Canada

13
and Dubai on a regular basis to promote its products. The MARKFED started export

of wheat in the month of April, 2001 and has emerged as one of the leading exporters

of wheat in India. The MARKFED products especially Sohna Sarson Ka Saag,

basmati rice, etc. are very popular in foreign countries. The exports of processed food

i.e. Saag increased from 10,50,360 cans valuing Rs. 231.75 lac in 2000-01 to

21,869,20 cans valuing Rs. 1123.16 lac in 2018-19 whereas export of basmati rice

was 76.30 MTs valuing Rs. 49.47 lac in 2017-18.

1.5 Other Activities of MARKFED

MARKFED provides several other facilities like Agri export zone for crops, contact

farming facilities, soil testing services, packaging testing laboratory, etc. for the

benefit of the farmers and consumers.

1.5.1 Agri Export Zone (AEZ)

The activities of the MARKFED (AEZ) primarily consist of activities carried under

potato crop, basmati crop and proposals submitted under NHM programme.

I. Potato Crop
In 2001, the MARKFED was appointed as nodal agency for Potato

AEZ for the state of Punjab by the Government of India throughAPEDA. The

objective of AEZ is to promote export of designated agri commodities, to enhance

productivity and quality of crop and to develop necessary infrastructure for promoting

the export of crop. The zone entails partnership of farmers, processors, exporters, the

State and the Central Government agencies to coordinate for end to end development

of potatoes and its processed output from farm to consumers. The MARKFED helps

farmers by procuring potatoes and organizing their exports. The objective of the

project is to provide remunerative returns to the farmers and also to help them in

14
producing quality which is at par with international market. In order to explore the

possibilities of export of potato to EU countries, the MARKFED has taken various

initiatives like the study of quarantine pest of potato, organizing global GAP

certification, integrated nutrient management integrated pest management

(INM/IPM), training camps for the farmers to address their problems related with

quality and yield improvement and disbursement of freight subsidy amount to the

beneficiary released by Government of Punjab as and when glut situation arises.

II. Basmati Crop

MARKFED was appointed as nodal agency for basmati AEZ in the state of Punjab in

the year 2002. The main objective of AEZ is to provide remunerative returns to the

farmers on sustained basis by improved access to exports, interlinking the various

constituents of the chain from farmers to consumer, establishing backward linkage

with rice millers, standardization of agronomical practices, making quality seeds

available and setting up of DNA based laboratory.

III. Soil Testing Services

The MARKFED has established a network of eight soil testing laboratories at

Amritsar, Bathinda, Ropar, Hoshiarpur, Kapurthala,Nihal Singhwala, Sangrur and

Mallout to provide water and soil services to the farmers at their door steps even in

the remote areas of Punjab. MARKFED provides such service to add to the welfare

of Punjab farmers through judicious use of fertilizers and to increase the

productivity of the farm land. MARKFED has added one mobile soil testing

lab-cum-publicity van to serve as a source of advertisement of various products of

the MARKFED in addition to soil testing services. Since 1969, MARKFED was

providing free services for analysis of sample but from January, 2001 onwards it

was decided to chargeRs.10/- as a token fee for each sample against the

15
MARKFED‟s expenditure of Rs. 16/- per sample. During the year 2010-11, 19,487

samples of farmers‟ soil and water were tested.

IV. Packaging Testing Laboratory

Packaging is important for marketability of a product. Good packaging enhances the

life of the product, protects it from hazards of transportation and handling, and acts as

a sale booster. The MARKFED purchases packaging material worth Rs. 10 crore

every year for its processing units in the state. So, in order to improve the quality and

to check losses due to usage of sub-standard packing material, the MARKFED set up

a package testing laboratory at Mohali in the year 1993. The laboratory is

well-equipped with modern equipments. About 3,000-3,500 samples are tested in the

laboratory annually including 400-500 samples of rice bran from MRMs/Oil

complexes of the MARKFED. Other bags tested include samples of B.T. jute bags,

HDPE bags, cattle feed samples, private brands, also services are provided on

commercial basis to other co-operative and private organizations. Thus, laboratory has

helped in the improvement of packaging of the MARKFED products and reduction in

transit losses.

V. Food Testing Laboratory

MARKFED has set up a food testing laboratory at Ropar.The laboratory is equipped

with the best of technology and has received various certifications. The laboratory is

capable of testing parameters like micronutrients, food additives, pesticide residues,

nutritional facts, food colour, flavour testing, heavy metals, water testing, etc. The

sectors availing testing service of lab are cereal, pulses and oilseed (raw & processed),

confectionary, beverages (alcoholic and non-alcoholic), milk & milk products (raw

and processed), fruits and vegetables (raw & processed), honey and sugar based

products. The laboratory is catering to the needs of flour/rice mills,bakers from

16
UT/States of India.The laboratory also imparts training on equipment handling and

testing to the students from various universities including Punjab Agriculture

University, Ludhiana.

1.6 NEED FOR THE STUDY

Co-operative Marketing is a systematic process for collecting consumer data,

\analyzing this data to make it into actionable information, driving the results

throughout an organization and implementing this survey is a management

information system that continuously captures the voice of the customer through the

assessment of performance from the customers’ point of view

1.7 LIMITATION OF STUDY

 Time factor was the main limitation for the study as the project was restricted to

small period.

 The sample taken for research was concerned only for 50 customers rather than

lakhs of customers scattered around the india.

 The research was limited only to the Fatehgarh Sahib distt so the result can’t be

generalized to the whole india .

 Since the project has to be completed within a short period of time the

information collected could be biased.

 Some of the premium segments could not be met due to time lack and by not
obtaining prior appointment due to tight schedule of the respondents

17
 1.2 INTRODUCTION ABOUT INDUSTRY PROFILE

1.2.1 Introduction About Punjab Markfed

The Punjab State Co-op Supply & Marketing Federation Ltd. known as “Markfed”

was registered in 1954. At the time of registration, it began with one bicycle, three

employees, thirteen members and a capital of Rs.54,000/-, it has now achieved

meteoritic volumes and has grown to become the largest marketing co-operative in

Asia with an annual turnover of over Rs.11600 Crores during 2013-2014 with 1932

employees.

Markfed operates through 17 District offices over 100 Branch offices in Mandi Towns

and 9 processing and trading units. Markfed’s net worth as on 31.03.12 is Rs.70 Crore

and the number of members has expanded to 3051. Markfed has emerged as a very

solid and stable organization committed to the service of the farmer community of the

State of Punjab.

Markfed has been awarded National Productivity Awards in various fields like

co-operative marketing activities, food processing, cattle feed production etc., to name

a few.

Several innovative incentive schemes have been introduced for the benefit of the

farmers and the member co-operative societies. Markfed has also introduced an

insurance scheme which provides compensation in case of accidental death or

permanent disablement of its farmer members.

Markfed contributes to research & development through the Punjab Agricultural

University, Ludhiana (Punjab).

18
Markfed has been regularly distributing its profits as dividend to its members,

contributing to co-operative development and the Common Good Fund. A fair amount

is also re-invested in the setting up of new projects, modernization and diversificati on

of existing plants.

1.2.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

 To promote sustainable development of Punjab Agriculture community

through supply of reliable high quality inputs and services as well as efficient

procurement and marketing of agricultural produce.

 To be a globally renowned cooperative federation

 To optimize the return to ensure the overall development of agricultural

community through operation across the agriculture value chain.

 The main aim of Markfed is to safeguard the interest of the farmer.

 Markfed played an important role in the green revolution by helping in

realization of market rates of farm products thereby generating employment.

 Adopting and promoting the latest techniques in the agricultural sector.

 Upliftment of the rural population which is solely dependent on agriculture.

1.2.3 ACTIVITIES

1.2.3 .1 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS-

I. Procuring & Distribution Operations:

Markfed, being a State Government procuring agency is engaged in Procurement of

agricultural produce. It procures wheat, paddy, Cotton, oil-seeds like mustard,

sunflower on behalf of Govt. of India through FCI / NAFED as part of Minimum

19
Support Price (MSP) policy / Price Support Scheme. The food-grains business

comprises more than 85% of the business turn-over of the Markfed.

II. Procurement of Food Grains:

1. Wheat- During the year 2013-14, Markfed procures wheat on behalf of Govt. of

India and is also responsible for supply of wheat under Atta and Daal Scheme of

Punjab Govt.

2. Paddy- Markfed plays a vital role in paddy procurement in the state. The milling of

paddy is done under the Custom milling Policy of Food Civil Supplies & Consumer

Affairs, Govt. of Punjab.

1.2.3.2 Distribution & Trading Operations:

1. Fertilizer

Markfed has been appointed as a nodal agency for procurement & distribution of

DAP fertilizers through cooperatives since last three years. It holds a market share of

45% in the state of Punjab. The state always relies on Markfed for the rescue of

Punjab Farmer. Markfed distributes about 8.00 Lac MT urea and 3.50 Lac MT DAP

annually.

2. Agro-Chemical

To facilitate efficient crop management, Markfed has an Agro-Chemicals unit at

Mohali, to formulate about 29 pesticides mostly ISI marked. This unit is ISO:

9001-2015 certified. It has tied up with leading MNC Syngenta and D.I.Dupont for

providing quality agrochemical products. Apart from this the department is providing

and distributing quality BT seed and Wheat seed to farmers in Punjab.

20
3. Cotton

Markfed is doing the business of purchasing Cotton Pressed Bales on commission

basis for Spinning Mills and has purchased 8687 Cotton Bales upto July 2013.

1.2.3.3 Manufacturing Operations:

Markfed takes pride in having its own Agro based processing units for manufacturing

SOHNA brand Vanaspati, Refined Oils, Processed & Canned foods and Rice besides

Cattle feed. Markfed’s SOHNA brand has become a household name for these

products. Through these state-of-art manufacturing facilities Markfed produces

world-class products. Markfed Canneries which has obtained certification for ISO

9001 and Global HACCP This certification by world recognized body ensures trust,

confidence among overseas buyers who are very conscious about inspections, safety

and hygiene standards followed by the manufacturing unit. Global HACCP would

ensure complete documentation of the processes followed by the plant to eliminate all

risk factors. Markfed produces world-class products which have carved a niche for

themselves in several markets.

1.2.3.4 Markfed Canneries

The cannery unit was set up in the year 1972 and is producing Ready To Eat canned

food products like Sarson ka Saag, Daal Makhni, Chatpata Chana, Karhi- Pakora

Palak Paneer, Black Chana, Mushroom Matar, Alu Methi, Alu Palak, Lobia, Karahi

Paneer etc. Besides this, the bottled food products i.e. Tomato Ketchup, Tomato

Puree, Mixed Fruit Jam, Vinegar, Honey and Fruit Drinks are also produced. This is

mainly an export-oriented unit and about 80% of ethnic food is exported to countries

like America, Europe, Middle East, Australia etc. Based on requirements, the unit also

supplies these materials to Indian Army through Army Purchase Organization (APO).

21
Unit has recently started packaging and marketing of spices & Spinach puree in 2013

on pilot basis.

1.2.3.5 Markfed Vansapati & Allied Industries, Khanna

This Plant was started in the year 1971 to promote Oil Seed Farming and to provide

cooking medium to rural & urban markets. MVAI Khanna produces range of Edible

refined oils & Vanaspati including Cotton Seed, Sun Flower, Mustard and Soybean

Oils. The unit also manufactures Kachi Ghani & Paki Ghani Mustard Oils. For better

logistics/marketing, the plant also outsources Vanaspati , Atta & Salt.

1.2.3.6 Cattle feed Plant

To promote sale of quality cattle feed, Markfed has two units which manufacture

cattle feed for Dairy Farmers and these are located at Kapurthala and Gidderbaha.

In the year 2009-10 the capacity of both the plants was been enhanced from 100 TPD

to 150 TPD

The animal feed manufactured here is popular in Punjab, Haryana, HP, J&K,

Rajasthan and Delhi and sold through dealers & cooperative societies.

1.2.3.7 Markfed Modern Rice Mills

Markfed has 3 rice mills with 4-ton paddy milling capacity per hour each. Three units

at Nawanshahr, Machhiwara and Bagha Purana are operational. Besides custom

milling of paddy, Markfed Modern Rice Mill at Nawanshahr is also producing

Basmati rice which is known for its quality throughout the world and this unit has

been given ISO-9001:2000 and Global HACCP certification. Markfed processes

Pakistani Basmati, B-386, PB-1121, PB-1 and Sharbati varieties of Basmati. Basmati

is exported to Middle east, Australia and USA.

22
1.2.4 International Operations

Markfed has carved a distinct identity for itself by setting up a number of

export-oriented units to process agricultural produce. Markfed helps farmers by

procuring their produce and organizing exports. A vast range of products from

Markfed have found markets in the Middle East, UK, USA, Canada, Australia, New

Zealand etc.

About 2.5 million cans of Ready to eat delicacies containing farm fresh Sarson Ka

Saag, Chatpta Chana, Rich Creamy Dal Makhni and other delicious Punjabi delicacies

& other Indian vegetable curries are exported around the world.

Markfed has been declared the nodal agency by APEDA (through Ministry of

Commerce & industries) for setting up the AEZ (Agri-Export Zone) to facilitate

Potato export from Punjab. The zone entails partnership of farmers, processors,

exporters, the State and the Central Government agencies to coordinate for end to end

development of potatoes and its processed output from farm to consumers. To

facilitate export of Potato to European Union various activities have been undertaken:

Study of Quarantine Pests and other problems in Potato

Organizing Global GAP certification

Organizing Integrated Nutrient Management/Integrated Pest Management studies

Organizing Farmer training camp for rectification of problems faced by farmers for

Potato cultivation and suggests methods for improvement in yield of Potato.

23
 1.3 INTRODUCTION ABOUT COMPANY PROFILE

1.3.1 MARKFED AGROCHEMICALS, MOHALI

To facilitate efficient crop management, Markfed has an Agro-Chemicals unit at

Mohali, to formulate about 25 pesticides mostly ISI marked. This unit is ISO:

9001-2015 certified. It has tied up with leading MNC Syngenta and D.I.Dupont for

providing quality agrochemical products. The plant is solely responsible for pesticide

formulation within Markfed and supplies it through cooperative societies spread

throughout Punjab.

The plant consists of two units – liquid plant and dust plant. The liquid plant

manufactures the pesticides in liquid form whereas the dust plant formulates

pesticides in the form of powder. Various kinds of formulations take place which shall

be mentioned later on in this report. It also has a testing laboratory for quality testing

which is done in accordance with the standards set by the BIS (Bureau of Indian

Standards).

1.3.2 Types of Pesticide Formulations

Pesticides are manufactured in concentrated forms with purity above 90% and hence

cannot be used directly by the farmer. So this technical grade material is converted

into usable concentration which is safe for crops and has a prescribed dosage. To

achieve this formulation is done.

1. Wettable Powders (WP) – Powder formulations that on dilution with water

yield stable suspensions are called wettable powder suspensions. These are

usually more effective than dust as dust is poorly retained on the surfaces.

Emulsions are easily adsorbed and as a result a considerable amount on fruits is

24
 retained. The particles of suspension adhere well to the surfaces and they do not

penetrate and can be washed off easily.

Requirements-

i) Stability in storage and absence of caking.

ii) Rapid formulation of suspension and slow settling of solid particles.

iii) Good wettability and spreading power.

iv) Retention on sprayed surfaces for prolonged time.

Effectiveness of the suspension depends on the degree of dispersion of the actual

ingredient.

To increase the retention on plant surfaces, special stickers are added. The raw
materials are dispersing/suspending agents, wetting agents and inert fillers like silica
and hydrophilic diluents i.e. hydrated aluminium oxide, synthetic calcium silicate.

Examples are Copper oxychloride 50%WP, Mancozeb 75% WP

2. Dusting Powder (DP) – The technical grade material is mixed with inert i.e. soap

stone, clay, etc and pulverized to particle size of 200 mesh. In grinding process

pesticide particles are coated by diluents. The powder is dusted over the required

surface.

Example - Melathion 5% DP

3.Soluble Powder (SP) – The technical grade material is itself soluble in water. It is

diluted with fillers which are also water soluble. In this formulation, suspending

wetting agents are not required or are required in very small quantity. The technical

along with fillers are grinded to the required mesh size.

Example – Acephate 75% SP

25
4.Soluble Liquid (SL) – Technical material that is soluble in water can be used as

such after mixing them with water soluble organic solvents or water. Such chemicals

are salts of organic acids with different bases and some organophosphorus

insecticides and fungicides.

Example- Monocrotophos 36% SL, Imidacloprid 17.8% SL

5.Granules (GR) – Granulated formulations are widely used for the control of soil

inhabiting and above ground level pests. The most important method in preparation of

granulated formulation is impregnating of prepared granules with liquid pesticides

and subsequent screening. Kaoline and Betonites are used as diluents. For granulation

in addition to diluents and pesticides various binding agents based on synthetic raisin

are used.

The most widely used formulations have grain size from 0.2mm. Their application is

less affected by winds and converts them in dusts and liquids.

Example – Cartap Hydrochloride 4% GR

6.Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC) – One of the most commonly used type of

formulation of pesticides is Emulsifiable concentrates. They upon dilution with water

give stable emulsion suitable for spraying on plants and surfaces.

The technical grade material is in the form of liquid or solid which is diluted with

inert filler solvents which are mainly petroleum solvents i.e. Kerosene, Heavy

Aromatics, etc. The combination so formed is insoluble in water to make in the form

of emulsion. Apart from emulsifier, suitable stabilizers are added.

Examples – Butachlor 50% EC, Pendimethalin 30% EC

7.Water Dispersible Granules (WDG) – It is a pesticide formulation consisting of

granules to be applied after disintegration and dispersion in water. The granular

product has distinct particles within the range 0.2 to 4 mm.

26
1.3.3 PRODUCTS OF MARKFED AGROCHEMICALS

1. MARK PENDI(Pendimethalin 30% EC) -

It is an herbicide of dinitroaniline class used in pre-emergent and post emergent stages

used to control annual grasses and broad leaf weeds. The crops for which it is used are

tomatoes, onions, cauliflower, garlic, ladyfinger, pulses, wheat, maize, etc.

2. Marksulfo(Sulfosulfuron 75% WG)-

It is a post emergent herbicide for control of phalaris minor as well as certain broad
leaf weeds of wheat.

27
 3. Markclodina(Clodinafop Propargyl 15% WP) –

It is a pesticide for wheat and mainly used against phalaris minor.

4. Markgrip(Metsulfuron-methyl 20% WP) –

It is a pesticide used to control broad leafed weeds as well as some annual grasses for
the crops of wheat and paddy.

28
 5. Markpower(Sulfosulfuron 75%+ Metsulfuron 5% WG) –

It is a selective weedicide used for control of different weeds on crops such as wheat
and sugarcane.

6. Markazine(Atrazine 50% WP)

It is an herbicide of pre-emergent and as well as post emergent broad leafed weeds in

crops such as maize and sugarcane and on turf such as golf courses and residential

lawns. It was banned in the European Union in 2004.

29
 7. Markchlor(Butachlor 50% EC) –

It is used as a selective pre emergent herbicide. It is widely used in India for the
protection of paddy.

8. Markpretila(Pretilachlor 50% EC) –

Pretilachlor is used to control annual grasses, broad-leaved weeds and sedges in rice
and works by inhibiting cell division.

30
 9. Markglypho(Glyphosate 41% SL) –

It is a non selective weedicide for paddy.

10. Markdor(Imidacloprid 17.8% SL) –

It is an effective insecticide for cotton, wheat, paddy, sugarcane, etc.

31
11. Marktap(Cartap Hydrochloride 4% GR)

It is a granular formulation in which the active agent is cartap hydrochloride. It is used

in paddy and sugarcane.

12. Markphate(Acephate 75% SP) –

It is an insecticide with moderate persistence and it is mainly used against leaf miners,

caterpillars, thrips, aphids, etc.

32
 13.Markpyriphos(Chlorpyriphos 20% EC) –

Chlorpyriphos (CPS) is a pesticide used on crops, animals, and buildings, and in other

settings, to kill a number of pests, including insects and worms. Chlorpyriphos was

patented in 1966 by Dow Chemical Company.

14. SOHNA MELATHION(Melathion 50% EC) –

Melathion is an organo phosphorus insecticide which is used against sucking pests of

various crops.

33
 15.Markdelta(Deltamethrin 2.5% WP) –

This insecticide is used as protection of wheat and paddy stored in godowns against
various insects.

16.DDVP(Dichlorvos 76% EC) –

Dichlorvos is an organophosphate widely used as an insecticide to control household

pests, in public health, and protecting stored products from insects. The compound

has been commercially available since 1961 and has become controversial because of

its prevalence in urban waterways and the fact that its toxicity extends well beyond

insects. The insecticide has been banned in EU since 1998.

34
 17. Markseed(Tebuconazole 2% DS) –

Tebuconazole is a triazole fungicide used agriculturally to treat plant pathogenic

fungi

18. Markvax(Carbendazim 50% WP) –

Markvax is broad spectrum systemic fungicide, very effective in the control of fungal

diseases of various crops.

35
 19.Markzole(Propiconazole 25% EC) –

Propiconazole is used agriculturally as a systemic fungicide on turf grasses grown for

seed and aesthetic or athletic value, wheat, mushrooms, corn, wild rice, peanuts,

almonds, sorghum, oats, pecans, apricots, peaches, nectarines, plums, prunes and

lemons.

20. Markzeb(Mancozeb 75% WP) –

Mancozeb is a dithiocarbamate non-systemic agricultural fungicide with multi-site,

protective action on contact.

36
1.3.4 Toxicity Labels

Toxicity labels are mandatory labels employed on pesticide containers in India

identifying the level of toxicity (that is, the toxicity class) of the contained pesticide.

The scheme follows from the Insecticides Act of 1968 and the Insecticides Rules of

1971.

Extremely Toxic (1-50mg/kg)

Highly Toxic (51-500mg/kg)

Moderately Toxic (501-500mg/kg)

Slightly Toxic (>5000mg/kg)

37
 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Researcher has made an attempt to review the literature in respect of different

committees like review committee, reports of the working groups, study teams on

cooperatives marketing.

Cooperative Planning Committee (1945) has recommended the Multipurpose

Society should serve as a Centre for general economic improvement. Apart from

financing crop production, it should act as an agent for sale of produce to

the nearest cooperative marketing organization; supply farmers with their production

needs.

All India Rural Credit Survey or Gorwala Committee (1954) was appointed by the

Reserve Bank of India in 1951, has recommended that “Linking of Credit with

Marketing”. It needs to have cooperation among other sectors of Cooperatives (both

vertical and horizontal) to undertake or develop business activities and promote

economic status of members.

Committee on Cooperative Credit (1960) the Committee on Cooperative Credit

headed by V.L. Mehta was appointed in September 1959 and submitted its report in

May 1960. Arrangements for linking credit with marketing should be strengthened.

Cooperative Marketing Societies should be permitted to make outright purchases from

the producers

38
M. L. Dantwala Committee (1964) Government of India appointed a committee on

cooperative marketing to review the pattern of organization of co-operative marketing

and give recommendations for ensuring sound and speedy development of agricultural

marketing on cooperative basis. The committee gave its interim report in 1966 with

major recommendations such as- for the future pattern of organization two-tire

structure of marketing societies, apex societies at state level and primary societies at

mandi level. State Trading Corporation and Food Corporation of India should

purchase their requirements of agricultural production through it. Committee endorsed

the recommendations for Fertilizer.

Committee (Sivaraman Committee) that the chemical fertilizers should be

distributed through coop marketing society. The State Bank of India should give

priority to meet the requirements of marketing societies. Based on recommendations

of the Inter-Ministerial Task-Force on Agricultural Marketing Reforms

constituted by Ministry of Agriculture (MoA), Government of India (GoI) in its report

of 2002 recommended to bring Competitiveness in the marketing of agriculture

produce through allowing private entrepreneurs to establish market yards,

contract farming etc. The Ministry of Agriculture, GoI, in consultation with the State

Governments formulated a Model Act on Agricultural Marketing (MAAM).

Planning Commission (2007) report of the working group on agricultural marketing

infrastructure and policy required for internal and external trade for the XI Five Year

39
Plan 2007-12 have suggested to develop agricultural marketing and market related

infrastructure namely rural Primary Markets / Rural Periodic Markets / Rural Haats

and setting up of new wholesale markets, Terminal Markets under PPP mode,

Farmers Markets

CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the problem. It may be

understood as a science of studying how research is done scenically. In it we study the

various steps that all generally adopted by a researcher in studying his research

problem with the logic behind them. The scope of research methodology is wider than

that of research method.

3.1 RESEARCH OBJETIVES

Through this research I will try to establish a positive relation between agriculture

Farmer and Markfed how Markfed Co-operative Marketing can be used and the

benefits that can be attained for agriculture.

 To know the level of Co-operative marketing towards Customers?

 To Known the main problems faced by farmers in relate to farming?

 To Know What can Markfed provide to solve farming problems and how?

 To what extent can Markfed help farmers?

 To know the features that attracts the customer to visit the markfed ?

40
3.2 METHODLOGY

3.2.1 Survey method:

A Survey is a complete operation, which requires some technical knowledge Survey

methods are mostly personal in character. Surveys are best suited for getting primary

data. the research obtains information from the respondents by interviewing them.

3.2.2 Primary Research

For my primary research, I will conduct a survey of markfed agro chemicals mohali .

To do this I will develop a questionnaire with a range of questions to get a useful set

of data that will help me answer my research questions.

3.2.3 Secondary Research

For my secondary research I will use the website of www.markfedpunjab.com/

(Google, Yahoo, Mozilla), magazines, newspapers, journals, government publications

and similar research reports.

41
3.3 RESEARCH DESIGN: -

I have used Descriptive Research design tool to study the impact of workplace

environment on employee performance. Descriptive Research studies are those

studies, which are concerned with specific predictions, with narration of facts and

characteristics concerning individual, group or situation. Research refers to the search

for knowledge in common or a systematic effort to new knowledge. It is a pursuit of

truth with the help of steady, comparison and experiment.

The purpose of research is to discover answers to questions through the application of

scientific procedures. Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the

research problems. This research titled “Co-operative Marketing ”. Themethodology

used for the study consisted of the following aspects:-

1. Research Design.

2. Sample and its size.

3. Research Instrument.

4. Statistical Analysis.

SIZE OF SAMPLE: - I have selected 50 respondents for research work

SAMPLING UNIT: - Farmers in Rajindegarh Co-operative Society Fatehgarh Sahib.

42
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE: - Convenient sampling.

DATA ANALYSIS TOOL:

 To analyze the data attained through questionnaire following tool was used:
 Tables, percentage, and pie –charts
 These tools were used for analysis of the responses of all respondents.

3.4 METHOD OF SAMPLING

3.4.1 Random sample method:

The method adopted here is random sampling method. A Random sample is one where

each item in th3e universe has as an equal chance of known opportunity of being

selected.

3.4.2 Research Instrument

 Questionnaire:

A questionnaire is a carefully complied logical sequence of questr5ions directed to a

define objective. It is the outline of what information is required and the framework on

which the data is built upon. Questionnaire is commonly used in securing marker

information that its preparation deserves utmost skill and care.

 Collection of data:

One of the important tools for conduction market research is that availability of

necessary and useful data. Date collection is more of an art than a science. The methods

of marketing research are in a way the methods of data collection. The sources of

information fall under two categories.

Internal sources:

43
Every company has to keep certain records such as accounts, reports etc. these records

provide sample information which an organization usually keeps collection in its

working.

 External sources:

When internal records are insufficient and required information is not

available, the organization will have to depend on external sources. Of data are.

a) Primary data:

The data collected for a purpose in original and for the first time is known as

primary data. The researches collect this data to study a particular problem.

Here the primary data is data collected through questionnaire by directly meeting the

customers

b) Secondary Data:

The data, which is collected from the published sources i.e., not originally

collected of the first rime is called secondary data. Here the secondary data is data

collected from the company’s brochures, pamphlets, catalogs and the website

44
 CHAPTER 4

DATA PRESENTATION & ANALYSIS

4.1 SURVEY PROFILE:

The total sample size for the conducted survey was 50. All farmers are belongs

different village in district fatehgarh sahib. The farmer have also different different

qualification The sample was asked to fill out carefully made questionnaires that

were developed to answer the research questions .I asked frequently question to the

farmers which are presents during the training programme in to the Co-operative

society Rajindergarh , fatehgarh sahib and they help me to conduct the survey on the

basis of research about the MARKFED are use full to developing the farmers .

All farmers are fully support me and they give there best to fill my questionnaires

research survey which help me to complete my research work .in this research I am

very thankful to Sectary Shamsher Singh sahib who help me to arrange to conduct the

survey between the farmers .

4.2 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

45
The sample size is 50 Farmers in Co-operative Society Rajindergarh , Fatehgarh

Sahib. Selected on the basis of convenient sampling. The Analysis and Interpretation

of Data of the farmers are under follwing:

1: What do you think is the current condition of the agricultural sector of India?

 Excellent; we are really doing well

 Good; we are producing enough for ourselves and are exporting as well

 Moderate; nothing fancy but we are ok

 Not well; we could use some help

 Dreadful; we hardly have enough for ourselves

Intention: For my first question I wanted to find out what the general public thought

was the current condition of agriculture in our country.

Result: From my survey I discovered that a half the sample thought that the

condition of agriculture in India was in a moderate state. Not much nor less

46
 Excellent; we are really
doing well
5%
30% l
Good; we are producing
15% enough for ourselves
and are exporting as
well
Moderate; nothing fancy
50% but we are ok

2: Do you think the Co-Operative marketing in India needs any development?

 Absolutely; it is a crucial part of our economy

 Yes; our country depends largely on it

 No; it is going on pretty fine

 Absolutely not; there’s more important things that needs development

Intention: This question was asked to find out if people knew how important

Co-Operative marketing is to India.

Result: Through my survey I discovered that a majority believes that India

Co-operative Marketing lacks some attributes and needs some development.

47
3:What do you think is the main problem with Co-Operative marketing today

in India?

 Farmers lack the knowledge and skill needed to farm.

 Improper farming methods

 Inefficient technology

 Other: _________________________

Intention: This question was asked to find out how informed the general public was

about Co-opeartive..

Result: This question indicated that the major problems with Co-Opeartive today are

lack of knowledge by farmers and inefficient technology.

48
4: Do you agree that MARKFED help to develop agriculture?

 Agree

 Disagree

Intention: By this question I tried to find out how many people thought it is possible

to link agriculture with MARKFED.

Result: This question revealed that everyone believed that it was possible to link IT

and agriculture.

49
5: IS FRAMER SATISFIED WITH MARKFED SERVICES?
 HIGHLY SATISFIED
 MODERATILY SATISFIED
 SATISFIED
 UNSATISFIED

Intention: This question was asked to find out to who many farmers are satisfied

from Markfed Services? .

Result: In this fig. show that the 50% farmers are satisfied, 24% farmers are

moderately satisfied, and 20% farmers are unsatisfied and rest 6% of the farmers are

highly satisfied.

50
 6%
20%

24%

50%

Highky satisifed Moderatily satisified Satisified Unsatisified

6: Farmers Opinion About the services of co-operative Marketing?

 Excellent
 V.Good
 Good
 Poor

Intention: This question was asked to find out to the services of co-Operative

Marketing? .

Result:In this fig. show that 40% farmers are saying the is good, 34% farmer

services of co-Operative Marketing say v.good, 20% farmers are saying the is

poor and services of co-Operative Marketing 6% farmers are saying the services of

co-Operative Marketing is excellent.

51
 6%
20%

34%

40%

Excellent V.Good Good Poor

7: which Company gives the more margin of Fertilizers (Urea) ?

 IFFCO
 NFL
 UTTAM
 Other

Intention: This question was asked to find out towhich company help to supply more

fertilizers in Markfed ? .

Result:In this fig. According to Sectary Shamsher Singh 40% Supply IFFCO, 34%

are Supply NFL, 20% are Supply UTTAM and 6% are supply other.

52
 16%

40%

20%

34%

IFFCOO NFL UTTAM OTHER

8. is co-operative bank gives the proper fund to the farmers?

 Yes
 No

Intention: This question was asked to find out the co-operative bank proper utilize

the fund

Result:In this fig. Show that 99.99% farmer say that banks has proper utilize the

funds and 00.01% farmer say not

53
 no
0.01%

yes
no

yes
100%

9. is co-operative marketing able to attract the customers?

 Yes

 No

Intention: This question was asked to find out the co-operative marketing is able to

attract the customer.

Result:In this fig. Show that 79% people are able to attract by co-operative

marketing And other say not.

54
 yes no

21%

79%

10.Is NABARD are provide to new schemes to the farmers are help full or not?

 Yes

 No

Intention: This question was asked to find out the NABARD are provide to new

schemes to the farmers are help full or not

Result:In this fig. Show that 87% people are able to attract by co-operative marketing

And other say not.

55
 yes no

13%

87%

CHAPTER 5

SUMMERY OF RESEARCH FINDING

Through my research I was able to find out that the general public did think that there

are only 65% customers who are satisfied from the Markfed services . it was possible

to use Markfed coperative marketing and to develop the agricultural sector.100% of

56
the sample surveyed responded that it was possible to use markfed to develop new

techniques in Co-operative marketing .

There are areas where markfed can provide valuable information that can change the

face of India agriculture.30% of the sample thought that farmersits difficult to adopt

new techniques which are determine by Markfed & 65% of the sample thought that

Markfed could help develop India Co-operative marketing.

85% of the sample thought farmers would accept the the information recived from

Markfed give the new ideas did not contradict with the old ones.

5.1 PROBLEMS OF MARKFED

1.Shortage of Funds – Markfed is working with inadequate working

capital, a huge amount of income used for payment of interest. Societies

are not in a position to provide trade credit to buyers because of shortage

of funds so the societies are not efficient and viable

57
2.Insufficient Godwons – Most of the societies do not have sufficient

godowns to keep the produce. A bulk of stock stored in open storage

centre.

3.Lack of Transport Facilities – A bulk of stock blocked in open storage centre

due to lack of transport facilities.

4.Malpractices – Most of the marketing societies suffer from a number

of malpractices. Cases of favoritism in granting pledge loans, misuse of

funds, false entries of sales, etc., are the common malpractices existing in

marketing societies.

5.Untrained Personnel – Most of the staff of the marketing societies is

untrained, unqualified, incompetent and inefficient. They lack requisite

business experience and training.

6.Lack of Coordination and Supervision – No encouragement given by

Apex Society like NAFED to primary cooperative marketing societies.

No incentives to marketing societies.

7.Poor Management – The management of the marketing societies in

most cases does not come up to the standard necessary for conduct of

such varied functions as are assigned to them under bylaws.

5.2 RECOMMENDATION
1.Financial and Technical Assistance – The activities of marketing

cooperative societies should be further diversified. For this purpose

necessary financial and technical assistance should be provided to them

by the state government.

58
2.proper Storage Facilities – The marketing cooperative societies must

have proper storage facilities in order to spread the sales over the entire

period of demand which is in the interest of both the producers and

consumers.

3.Supervision – The supervisory staff of cooperative department should

see that the marketing societies are not dominated by traders. The

Registrars should evaluate the working and take steps to ensure that

function effectively and serve the desired purpose.

4.Coordination – Proper coordination of functions between the primary

marketing societies and similar organizations at higher levels should be

Involved .

5.Training Facilities – Existing untrained managers should be trained.

There is need to setup central committee for education and training on

regional and state levels. The state government should provide training

facilities to the trainers immediately after their recruitment.

6.Grading and Standardization – Marketing societies should endeavor

to undertake the sale of their members' produce after grading and

processing involved. Organization of societies should be run on

democratic lines.

5.3 CONCLUSION

This report is to summarize the operations at the Markfed Agrochemical Plant,

Mohali. The plant not only works for profit, but also for regulation of prices. Its sole

purpose is to serve the farmers of Punjab by providing them with quality pesticides at

a reasonable price. The production takes place tirelessly to quench the need of

59
pesticides by the agricultural community. The plant makes use of the latest techniques

and machinery to achieve this. The plant creates a balance between man power and

automation to ensure smooth functioning. The plant maintains its quality by regular

inspections and adequate testing. The plant has an excellent quality control laboratory

which has the latest instrumentation s and a team of experts who leave no stone

unturned to ensure quality of the products. The plant is apt to fight any sort of

emergency. Safety of workers is highly prioritized by providing them a safe

environment to work in. Appreciable work is being done at the plant to improve the

productivity of the crops in the state of Punjab.

BIBLOGRAPHY

1. Saravanan, Raj. "Mobile Phone Applications for Agricultural Extension in India" (PDF).
FAO. Retrieved 10 May 2018
http://www.fao.org/e-agriculture/sites/default/files/uploads/kb/2015/03/mextension_india
_saravanan_raj_.pdf

60
2. Chand, Ramesh. "NITI Policy Paper No.1/2017 : Doubling of Farmers income
Rationale, Strategy Prospects and Action Plan" (PDF). National Informatics Center
(India). p. 21.
Retrieved 10May 2018.http://agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/files/NITI%20Aayog%20Polic
y%20Paper.pdf

3. The Markfed official website http://www.MarkfedPunjab.com/

4. Punjab Agriculture University official web site https://www.pau.edu/

Appendix
1: What do you think is the current condition of the agricultural sector of India?

 Excellent; we are really doing well

 Good; we are producing enough for ourselves and are exporting as well

61
 Moderate; nothing fancy but we are ok

 Not well; we could use some help

 Dreadful; we hardly have enough for ourselves

2: Do you think the Co-Operative marketing in India needs any development?

 Absolutely; it is a crucial part of our economy

 Yes; our country depends largely on it

 No; it is going on pretty fine

 Absolutely not; there’s more important things that needs development

3:What do you think is the main problem with Co-Operative marketing today

in India?

 Farmers lack the knowledge and skill needed to farm.

 Improper farming methods

 Inefficient technology

 Other: _________________________

4: Do you agree that MARKFED help to develop agriculture?

 Agree

 Disagree

5: IS FRAMER SATISFIED WITH MARKFED SERVICES?

 HIGHLY SATISFIED
 MODERATILY SATISFIED
 SATISFIED
 UNSATISFIED

6: Farmers Opinion About the services of co-operative Marketing?

 Excellent

62
 V.Good
 Good
 Poor

7: which Company gives the more margin of Fertilizers (Urea) ?

 IFFCO
 NFL
 UTTAM
 Other

8.is co-operative bank gives the proper fund to the farmers?

 Yes
 No
10. is co-operative marketing able to attract the customers?

 Yes

 No

11. Is NABARD are provide to new schemes to the farmers are help full or not?

 Yes

 No

____________________________

Signature of farmer

63