Berino, Gian Kraig O.

BSN III NCM 104

FOOD ALLERGY

MEDICAL MANAGEMENT:
ASSESSMENT AND NURSING MANAGEMENT:
CAUTION:
DIAGNOSTIC FINDINGS: • H1- blockers
• Prevention of future
• Allergy History
-used for symptomatic relief of allergic
exposure • PREGNANT
symptoms caused by histamine released WOMEN AND
• Physical Exam • Early detection of
in response to allergens. THOSE WHO ARE
• Skin testing anaphylacti reaction
• Antihistamines BREASTFEEDING
• Detection of allergens
-used to relieve or prevent the symptoms ARE INSTRUCTED
• Drug compliance
of hay fever and other types of allergy. TO AVOID EATING
• Adrenergic Agents PEANUTS OR
-mimicking the action of the chemical FOOD
messengers epinephrine and CONTAINING
norepinephrine. PEANUTS TO
• Corticosteroids MINIMIZE RISK OF
-used to provide relief for inflamed areas PEANUT ALLERGY
of the body. They lessen swelling, IN THEIR
redness, itching and allergic reactions. CHILDREN.
• Cromolyn Sodium
-is an anti-inflammatory medication used
to treat allergy symptoms that affect the
eyes, such as itching, burning, swelling,
redness or sensitivity to light.
 Berino, Gian Kraig O. BSN III NCM 104

FOOD ALLERGY

FOOD INTOLERANCE FOOD ALLERGIES FOODS THAT ACCOUNT ALL CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
FOOD ALLERGIES
• Not IgE mediated • Occur by a Classic Allergic
but cause of specific IgE- • Milk Symptoms:
diarrhea and mediated • Eggs • Urticaria
vomiting. response to the • Peanuts • Dermatitis
offending food. • Tree nuts • Wheezing
• Fish • Cough
• Laryngeal Edema
• Shellfish
• Angioedema
• Wheat
• Soy Beans Gastrointestestinal
• Seafoods Symptoms:
• Itching
• Swelling of the lips,
tongue and palate
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Cramps
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
 Berino, Gian Kraig O. BSN III NCM 104

FOOD HYPERSENSITIVITY

IMMUNE-MEDIATED (T-HELPER 2 LYMPHOCYTES) NON-IMMUNE-MEDIATED

FOOD PROTEIN ALLERGY FOOD INTOLERANCE

IMMEDIATE REACTIONS DELAYED REACTIONS

(lgE-mediated) (Non-lgE-mediated or mixed*)  Intolerance to ingested non-protein food ingredients

 Pharmacological reaction, dose-dependent
 Carbohydrate malabsorption e.g. lactose, fructose, sorbitol,
 Onset several hours to days sucrose
 Onset approximately 30-60
after food ingestion.  Fat malabsorptiom e.g. intestinal lymphangiectasia, cystic
min after food ingestion.
 Signs and Symptoms: Feeding fibrosis
 Signs and Symptoms: Oral
difficulties (infant),  Inborn errors of metabolism e.g. herederity fructose
tingling/ itch/ Uticaria/
Vomiting/GER, Persistent intolerance
Angioedema/ Vomiting/
diarrhea, Failure to thrive,  Indiosyncratic food reactions e.g.vasoactive amines, food
Diarrhea
Rectal bleeding additives and preservatives
 Anaphylaxis above plus any:
 Food Protein-induced:
Upper airway swelling,
Enteropathy, Enterocolitis
Wheeze/ stridor, Hypotonia/
(FPIES), Proctocolitis, Eczema*
9
collapse, Cardiorespiratory
 Eosinophilic Esophagitis*:
arrest
Esophageal food impaction
Berino, Gian Kraig O. BSN III NCM 104

SENSITIZATION

FOOD ALLERGEN B-CELLS AND T-CELLS

IgE-PRODUCTION

ELICITATION

IgE MAST CELLS

FOOD ALLERGEN ACTIVATED MAST CELLS

RELEASE OF MEDIATORS

ALLERGIC REACTIONS