@qualcomm_tech April 2019

How will 5G transform

Industrial IoT?
Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
Leading mobile innovation for over 30 years

Digitized mobile Redefined Transforming

communications computing industries
Analog Desktop to Connecting virtually everything
to digital smartphones at the wireless edge

Transforming how the world connects, computes and communicates

2
 NR Designing a unified, more capable 5G air interface
Enhanced mobile
broadband High-bands
Above 24 GHz (mmWave)

Mid-bands
5G 1 GHz to 10 GHz

NR
Low-bands
Mission-critical Massive Internet Below 1 GHz
services of Things

Diverse services Diverse spectrum Diverse deployments

Scalability to address an extreme Getting the most out of a wide From macro to indoors, with support for
variation of requirements array of spectrum bands/types diverse topologies such as private networks

A unifying connectivity fabric for future innovation

A platform for existing, emerging, and unforeseen connected services
3
Driving the 5G roadmap and ecosystem expansion

Rel-15 Rel-16 Rel -17+ evolution

Standalone (SA)
Non-Standalone (NSA)
Rel -15 Rel -16 Rel -17+
NR Commercialization Commercialization
IoDTs Field trials
eMBB deployments in both New 5G NR technologies to evolve
mmWave and sub-6 GHz. and expand the 5G ecosystem
We are here
Expanded ecosystem:
Smartphone formfactor, Private network, industrial IoT Industrial IoT Integrated Access and Backhaul,
Connected laptops, Indoor mmW for enterprises, with eURLLC, Unlicensed/shared spectrum,…
CPE fixed access Boundless XR… 5G NR C-V2X… Continued eMBB evolution

Continue to evolve LTE in parallel as essential part of the 5G Platform

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023+

4
5G takes Industry 4.0 to the next level

0 11
10 0
Compute • Security • Connectivity

On-device Single
processing and futureproof 5G
Industry Industry Industry Industry sensing network
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 + 5G CV and AI for Scalable
Mechanization Electrification Digitalization Wireless Connectivity
Connectivity
autonomous capacity and
robots reliability
Edge services Flexibility with
and data privacy wireless Ethernet

5
Container ports Oil refineries Manufacturing Construction

Mines Warehouses Wind farms Oil rigs

> $5 Trillion 1

Global economic output in 2035 enabled

Manufacturing
$3,364B
Transport
$659B
Construction
$742B
Utilities
$273B
Mining
$249B
by 5G in the following five categories 1. “The 5G economy: How 5G technology will contribute to the global economy” by IHS Economics / IHS Technology
6
Container ports Oil refineries Manufacturing Construction

Mines Warehouses Wind farms Oil rigs

> $5 Trillion 1

Global economic output in 2035 enabled

Manufacturing
$3,364B
Transport
$659B
Construction
$742B
Utilities
$273B
Mining
$249B
by 5G in the following five categories 1. “The 5G economy: How 5G technology will contribute to the global economy” by IHS Economics / IHS Technology
7
Container ports Oil refineries Manufacturing Construction
Turbine sensor

Drone inspection

Blade sensors

Mines Warehouses Wind farms Oil rigs

Vehicle tracking

Environmental sensors

> $5 Trillion 1

Global economic output in 2035 enabled

Manufacturing
$3,364B
Handheld computing
Transport
$659B
Construction
$742B
Utilities
$273B
Mining
$249B
by 5G in the following five categories 1. “The 5G economy: How 5G technology will contribute to the global economy” by IHS Economics / IHS Technology
8
Container ports Oil refineries Manufacturing Construction

Security camera Sensors

Enhanced
Massive IoT
mobile broadband Process Monitoring
Latency: 100 ms
Availability: 99.99%
Rate: kbps
Head mounted display
Augmented Reality
Mines Latency:
Warehouses
<10 ms
Availability: 99.9% Wind farms Oil rigs
Rate: Gbps-Mbps
Automated guided vehicle (AGV)

Handheld terminal
Safety functions Industrial robot
Latency: <10 ms
Availability: 99.9999% Motion control
Rate: Mbps-kbps Latency: <1 ms
Availability: 99.9999%
Rate: Mbps-kbps
Edge computing and analytics

> $5 Trillion 1

Global economic output in 2035 enabled

Ultra reliable low latency
Manufacturing
$3,364B
Transport
$659B
Construction
$742B
Utilities
$273B
Mining
$249B
by 5G in the following five categories 1. “The 5G economy: How 5G technology will contribute to the global economy” by IHS Economics / IHS Technology
9
Designing 5G to meet industrial IoT requirements

Unifying connectivity, dedicated Private 5G network

network, optimized services for all services

High reliability with low latency Ultra Reliable Low Latency

in challenging RF environments Communication (URLLC)

Replace wireline industrial ethernet Time Sensitive

for reconfigurable factories Networking (TSN)

Spectrum to deploy Dedicated licensed or

private 5G network
shared/unlicensed spectrum

10
Private 5G networks for Industrial IoT use cases
Optimizing LTE for the Industrial IoT today New opportunities with 5G NR capabilities

1
Ultra reliable TSN and Ethernet
low-latency replacement
Scalable from Gigabit
LTE to LTE IoT
Enhanced MBB2 for Expand to shared /
new uses like XR3 unlicensed spectrum

1. Time Sensitive Networks (TSN); 2. Mobile Broadband (MBB); 3. Extended Reality (XR)—umbrella term for Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), mixed reality (MR), etc.

Optimized Dedicated Secure

Tailored for industrial Local network, easy to deploy, Cellular grade security and
applications, e.g., QoS, latency independently managed keeping sensitive data local
11
 Ultra reliability using CoMP
URLLC
Ultra Reliable Low
Latency Communication

99.9999% reliability 1

gNB
Spatial diversity is essential gNB gNB
• Coordinated multi-point (CoMP)
provides spatial diversity with
high capacity
• CoMP enabled with dense CoMP
deployment of small cells with high server
bandwidth backhaul

Other diversity limited

• Frequency diversity does not
address RF blockage/shadowing
• Time diversity limited as ultra low
latency dictates timing

1. One of the performance requirements for

“Discrete automation, motion control” in 3GPP TS
22.261 V16.3.0 Table 7.2.2-1 12
CoMP expands 5G: capacity or ultra-reliability tradeoff
Using spatial dimensions
Using spatial dimensions for
to multiplex multiple data
diversity reduces error rate
streams increases capacity

Error rate (log)

Capacity
4
3 1
2
2
1 3
4

SNR (log) SNR (log)

Capacity from spatial multiplexing Reliability from spatial diversity

Allows multiple transmissions at the same Spatial diversity can overcome radio shadowing
time to multiple location without interfering in challenging radio environments

Can also be used to by multiple operators Key for URLLC1 to meet 99.9999% reliability
to share spectrum more efficiently and challenging industrial IoT applications
1) Ultra reliable low latency communication 13
 Industrial Ethernet using
1
Time Sensitive Networking

Enables time Deterministic Reserved time slots

synchronization packet delivery allow co-existence
of machines with best effort traffic

Cycle n Cycle n+1 Cycle n+2

Real-time Reservation Real-time Real-time

traffic class interval traffic lass traffic class
Time
𝒕𝒏 𝒕′𝒏 𝒕(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒕′(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒕(𝒏+𝟐) 𝒕′(𝒏+𝟐)

14
1) Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) is a collection of IEEE 802.1Q standards
Adapting 5G to support Time Sensitive Networking (TSN)
Ethernet 5G Ethernet Ethernet
Payload Payload Payload
header header header header

QoS mgmt.
5G core

Adapter

Adapter
TSN Ethernet Air link Backhaul Ethernet
UE gNB Control plane
device Precise time TSN system
User plane
TSN master clock

5G system

Ethernet over 5G Quality of Service (QoS) Time synchronization

• Transport Ethernet frames over 5G
• Efficient transport of broadcast packets,
including loop prevention
• Automatic address discovery
• Interface between 5G control plane and TSN for QoS • Time synchronization architecture
management
• Microsecond synchronization for all nodes
• Define new 5G QoS identifier for industrial Ethernet
• Broadcasting precise time by gNB
• Admission control & interaction with TSN QoS framework
15
Upgrading existing industrial networks with wireless 5G

Servers Controllers

5G / Ethernet adaptation

Industrial
5G Industrial
Ethernet,
Ethernet, Core network
e.g., PROFINET

Small cells

5G

UE

5G / Ethernet adaptation

Machinery Remote I/O Proxy Other field-busses

16
Private 5G NR networks can use different spectrum types
Providing a wide range of new services including URLLC

Licensed Dedicated Unlicensed/shared New sharing

spectrum spectrum spectrum paradigms

Operators can allocate a In some regions, spectrum 3GPP Rel-16 adds support for unlicensed CoMP with spatial sharing
portion of their spectrum in is dedicated for specific spectrum (5G NR-U) including standalone can provide significant
a specific area, e.g., at an use such as 3.7 GHz in operation; can support URLLC services in non- capacity gains, predictable
industrial plant Germany for industrial public locations controlled by tenant/owner QoS and URLLC services

17
 5G NR in unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) part of 3GPP R16
For wide range of deployments — also opportunity for new sharing paradigms

Evolutionary path: NR-U Revolutionary path: NR-SS

NR unlicensed (NR-U)—existing coexistence rules 5G NR spectrum sharing (NR-SS)—potential for new rules

LAA NR-U Stand-alone NR-U Predictable resources

Time 5G CoMP1
synchronization
Spatial domain multiplexing

mmW spatial sharing

1. Coordinated Multi-Point

Boosting existing Expanding 5G market with Significant capacity or reliability, and ability for
deployments by aggregating new types of deployments predictable resources while sharing spectrum.
with licensed spectrum such as industrial IoT Utilizes 5G NR CoMP indoor OTA test network
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Unlicensed spectrum can support demanding Industrial IoT
Not possible with Controlled private Synchronization CoMP improves Frequency
regular LBT1 using environment in time is key for capacity and diversity adds
random access improves latency predictability reliability more reliability

Results in random No interference from Current regulation Time synchronization Frequency diversity
delays — demanding other networks, but still allows synchronized also allows for spatial provide reliability
IIoT2 apps require random delays within FBE3 based sharing for 5G COMP — a key against rouge devices
predictable latency private network predictable low latency technology for URLLC trying to access

1) Listen before talk (LBT) with load based equipment rule (LBE), such as CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance); 2) Industrial IoT; 3) Frame Based Equipment

URLLC services feasible using time synchronized NR-U

in controlled environments and today’s regulation rules
19
Key industrial IoT functionality targeted for 3GPP rel. 16

Requirements URLLC Time Sensitive Networks (TSN) Spectrum

Real-Time
Best Effort

Multiple verticals Sub-ms latency and Handling of Ethernet Enhanced Quality Microsecond time 5G NR in unlicensed
including industrial IoT 99.9999% reliability switch functions of Service (QoS) synchronization or shared spectrum

5G NR is being designed to meet Industrial IoT requirements

20
 Sensing Immediacy

Data stays local

New experiences

Privacy
To scale, Autonomy

intelligence must be distributed

to the wireless edge
Security Tailoring
Trillions of connected things
Massive amount of data

Extract local value Personalization

21
On-device capabilities complemented
with edge cloud at wireless edge
Edge cloud 1
On-device
Distributed/virtualized core , Sensing, processing, security,
2
mobile edge compute , cloud RAN, … intelligence

Central cloud

Synergistic balance

• Ultra-low latency—key to 5G use cases • Privacy as data stays on device

• Processing to augment on-device • Immediacy—tasks on device
• Local content, analytics, management • Efficient use of bandwidth
• Opportunity to provide tailored value • Personalization with privacy

1. Such as distributed packet gateway functionality for low latency; 2. Also related MEC Multi Access Edge Computing as defined by ETSI 22
Wireless edge for the industrial IoT
Cloud services Local network at edge Industrial IoT devices
Cloud analytics and virtualized RAN, core network and Sensing, processing, security, intelligence
core network functions analytics functions
Sensors
Security
Gateway 15.4 W-HART

Processing
Wi - Fi

BLE

Wired

Machines

Sensitive data
stays on site
Quick turnaround for
ultra low latency

Access

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Demonstrating ultra-reliable low latency capabilities (URLLC)
MWC 2018: Low latency MWC 2019: Ultra-reliability

Sub-millisecond latency1 99.9999% reliability1

Industry-first demo of PROFINET industrial Industry-first demo of ultra-reliability in a
Ethernet over 5G NR 5G NR over-the-air testbed with CoMP
Demonstrated benefits of 5G NR low latency Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) provides
for stringent command-and-control using spatial diversity that can overcome blocking in
factory automation equipment by Siemens challenging radio environments
1. One of the performance requirements for eURLLC as specified in “Discrete automation, motion control” in 3GPP TS 22.261 V16.3.0 Table 7.2.2-1 24
Qualcomm Technologies,
together with Nokia, were
selected as the
technology provider by
the Hannover Messe to
provide the 5G over-the-
air connectivity for the
demonstrations in the 5G
Arena.

25
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