INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING

TAKE HOME ACTIVITY

Instructor: ENGR. YURI G. MELLIZA

1. Law of conservation of mass

Fluid flows at 5 m/sec through a section of 5 cm diameter pipe. This section is connected to a section of 10 cm diameter pipe.
Determine the velocity of the fluid in the 10 cm diameter section.

2. First Law (Open System)

A 2 m tall, 0.5 m inside diameter tank is filled with water. A 10 cm hole is opened 0.75 m from the bottom of the tank.
Ignoring all losses, determine the velocity of the exiting water in m/sec.

3. Ideal Gas
At a particular point in an air turbine, the pressure is 135 KPa and the temperature is 440 K. air behaves as an ideal gas with a
specific gas constant of 0.287 KJ/kg-K. What is the specific volume of the air at this point?

4. First Law (Open system and manometer)

A horizontal venture meter with a diameter of 15 cm in the throat is installed in a 45 cm water main. A differential manometer
gauge is partly filled with mercury (the remainder of the tube being filled with water) and connected to the meter at the throat
and inlet. The mercury column stands 37.5 cm higher in one leg than in the other. The specific gravity of mercury is 13.6.
Neglecting friction, determine the flow through the meter in m3/sec. (Answer: 0.174 m3/sec)

5. (First Law/Open system; Steam turbine)

A turbine receives steam at a rate of 12 kg/sec. At the inlet, the steam is at 250C and 200 KPa (h = 2974.3 KJ/kg). At the outlet,
the steam is at 200C and 100 KPa (h = 2870.5 KJ/kg). In addition, the steam undergoes an increase in kinetic energy of 192
KJ/kg. assume the turbine is adiabatic. Determine the fluid power extracted by the turbine in KW.
6.(Open System/Air Compressor/Isothermal)
An air compressor, compresses air at constant temperature from 101 KPa to 800 KPa at a rate of 15 kg/sec. It the temperature is
298 K, determine the power required by the electric motor that drives the compressor if the compressor efficiency is 92%.

7. Hydrostatic forces
A rectangular gate 1.6 m wide and 2 m high has water on one side and is inclined at 45with the horizontal. Water is 1.5 m above
the top of the gate.
a) Compute the total force acting on the gate and its location
b) If the gate is hinged at the top(B)what force P is needed at the bottom(A) to open
the gate.

yp’

F 2m

P
A

8. Gas mixture
A gas mixture contains 3 moles CO2, 2 moles of O2, and equal number of moles of 1 mol CO and 1 mol N2. The mixture is sealed
in a container with a volume of 0.3 m3 and is kept at 3 times atmospheric pressure at a temperature of 30C. Determine
a. Molecular weight and gas constant of the mixture
b. The gravimetric and volumetric analysis of the mixture
Gases M n yi xi
CO2 44 3 42.86 52.4
O2 32 2 28.57 25.4
CO 28 1 14.29 11.1
N2 28 1 14.29 11.1
7 100.00 100.00
9. Open System/Compressor
A turbine driven compressor handles 10 kg/sec of air from 100 KPa to 600 KPa with an inlet temperature of 300K and a
discharge temperature of 530K. The inlet tubing has a 0.5 m inside diameter and the discharge piping a 0.20 m diameter. The
compression is adiabatic. Determine:
a. the air inlet and exit velocities in m/sec
b. the power required in KW
For Air
R = 0.287 KJ/kg-K ; Cp = 1.0045 KJ/kg-K
k = 1.4 ; Cv = 0.7175 KJ/kg-K

10. Closed System/Ideal Gas

A closed gaseous system undergoes a reversible process in which 40 KJ of heat are rejected and the volume changes 0.15 m 3 to
0.60 m3. The pressure is constant at 200 KPa. Determine the change of internal energy U in KJ.
Given: Q = -40 KJ; V1 = 0.15 m3; V2 = 0.60 m3; P = 200 KPa

11. Ideal Gas

Air in a piston - cylinder occupies 0.12 m3 at 550 KPa. The air expands isentropically doing work on the piston until the volume
is 0.25 m3. Determine the work W in KJ. For Air R = 0.287 KJ/kg-K and k = 1.4.
Given: V1 = 0.12 m3; P1 = 550 KPa; V2 = 0.25 m3

12. Ideal Gas

Air at 0.07 m3 and 4000 KPa is expanded in an engine cylinder and the pressure at the end of expansion is 320 KPa. If the
expansion is polytropic with PVn = C where n = 1.35, find the final volume.
Given: V1 = 0.07 m3 ; P1 = 4000 KPa ; P2 = 320 KPa ; PV1.35 = C

13. Ideal Gas

Gas at a pressure of 100 KPa, volume 0.20 m3 and temperature 300K, is compressed until the pressure is 320 KPa and the
volume is 0.09 cu.m.. Calculate the final temperature in K.
Given: P1 = 100 KPa; V1 = 0.20 m3; T1 = 300K; P2 = 320 KPa; V2 = 0.09 m3

14. Property
A cubic meter of water at room temperature has weight of 9.8 KN at a location where g = 9.8 m/sec 2. What is its specific
weight at a location where g = 9.77 m/sec2.

15. mass/weight
The acceleration of gravity is given as function of elevation above sea level by the relation g = 9.81- 3.32 x 10-6h m/sec2, with
h measured in meters. What is the weight of an airplane at 10 km elevation when its weight at sea level is 40 KN.
g = 9.81-3.32 x 10-6h
h = 10,000 m

16. Pressure Variation

A) What is the total or absolute pressure on the back of a scuba diver in a lake at a depth 8 m?
B) What is the force on the divers back due to the water alone, taking the surface of the back to be a rectangle 60 cm x 50 cm.

17. Pressure Variation

A mercury barometer at the ground floor of Kingston Tower in Chicago reads 735 mm Hg. At the same time another
barometer at the top of the tower reads 590 mmHg. Assuming the air to be constant at 1.21 kg/m 3, what is the approximate
height of the tower using g = 9.7 m/sec2.
18. Zeroth Law
A block of aluminum 10 cm on a side is cooled from 100C to 20C. If the energy removed from the aluminum block were
added to a copper block of similar dimensions at 20C , what would be the final temperature of the copper block be? (al = 2700
kg/m3; copper = 8900 kg/m3)

19. Zeroth Law

How many kilograms of aluminum will experience the same temperature rise as 3 kg of copper when the same amount of heat
is added to each? (Cal = 0.896 KJ/kg-K; Ccopper = 0.383 KJ/kg-K)

20. Law of conservation of mass

A certain fluid is flowing in a 0.5 m x 0.3 m channel at the rate of 3 m3/sec and has a specific volume of 0.0012 m3/kg.
Determine the mass flow rate and the velocity of water flowing in kg/sec.

21. Properties of fluids

In the figure below shows a gas contained in a vertical piston – cylinder assembly. A vertical shaft whose cross-sectional area is 0.8 cm2 is
attached to the top of the piston. Determine the magnitude, F, of the force acting on the shaft, in N, required if the gas pressure is 3 bar. The
masses of the piston and attached shaft are 24.5 kg and 0.5 kg, respectively. The piston diameter is 10 cm. The local atmospheric pressure is 1
bar. The piston moves smoothly in the cylinder and g = 9.81 m/s 2.

22. Manometer
An open manometer is used to measure the pressure in the tank. The tank is half filled with 50,000 kg of a liquid chemical that is not miscible in
water. The manometer tube is filled with liquid chemical. What is the pressure in the tank relative to atmospheric pressure?

23. Zeroth Law

A 1 m3 container is filled with 0.12 m3 of granite (Granite = 2750 kg/m3), 0.15 m3 of sand (Sand = 1500 kg/m3), and 0.2 m3 of
liquid 25C water (water = 997 kg/m3); the rest of the volume, 0.53 m3 , is air with a density of 1.15 kg/m3 . Find the overall
(average) specific volume and density.

24. Properties
The hydraulic piston/cylinder system shown in Fig. 1.11 has a cylinder diameter of D = 0.1 m with a piston and rod mass of 25 kg. The rod has a
diameter of 0.01 m with an outside atmospheric pressure of 101 kPa. The inside hydraulic fluid pressure is 250 kPa. How large a force can the
rod push in Newton.
25. Manometer
A mercury (Hg) manometer is used to measure the pressure in a vessel as shown in the figure below. The mercury has a density of 13,590
kg/m3,and the height difference between the two columns is measured to be 24 cm. We want to determine the pressure inside the vessel.

Due Date: July 11, 2019

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