The Binomial Theorem is a quick way (okay, it's a less slow way) of expanding (or multiplying out) a

binomial expression that has been raised to some (generally inconveniently large) power. For
instance, the expression (3x – 2)10 would be very painful to multiply out by hand. Thankfully,
somebody figured out a formula for this expansion, and we can plug the binomial 3x – 2 and the
power 10into that formula to get that expanded (multiplied-out) form.

The formal expression of the Binomial Theorem is as follows:

Yeah, I know; that formula never helped me much, either. And it doesn't help that different texts use
different notations to mean the same thing. The parenthetical bit above has these equivalents:

A complex number is a quantity of the form v + iw, where v and w are real numbers,
and irepresents the unit imaginary numbers equal to the positive square root of -1. The set C of all
complex numbers corresponds one-to-one with the set R R of all ordered pairs of real numbers.The
set C also corresponds one-to-one with the points on a geometric plane.

The set of complex numbers is two-dimensional, and a coordinate plane is required to illustrate
them graphically.This is in contrast to the real numbers, which are one-dimensional, and can be
illustrated by a simple number line.The rectangular complex number plane is constructed by
arranging the real numbers along the horizontal axis, and the imaginary numbers along the vertical
axis.Each point in this plane can be assigned to a unique complex number, and each complex
number can be assigned to a unique point in the plane.
Complex numbers are used in engineering, particularly in electronics. Real numbers are used to
denote electrical resistance, imaginary numbers are used to denote reactance, and complex
numbers are used to represent impedance.

Defining Complex Numbers

Indeed, a complex number really does keep track of two things at the same time. One of those
things is the real part while the other is the imaginary part. For example, z = 3 + 2i is a complex
number. The real part of z is 3 and the imaginary part of z is 2. The everyday meaning of
''imaginary'' is something which doesn't exist. The meaning in math is quite different. Identifying the
imaginary part of a complex number is easy because it has a label. The imaginary part is the
number multiplying the label i'. That's right, the imaginary part of 3 + 2i is the 2. Be careful because
the imaginary part is not 2i. The imaginary does not include the label.

Another example? Let's take the complex number z = -15 - 32i. Which part is real and which
imaginary? The real part is -15 while the imaginary part is -32.

The great Swiss mathematician Euler invented i in 1777. The value of i is the square root of
negative one. For the most part, we will use i as the label identifying the imaginary part of a complex
number. Still, we may need to evaluate i2 from time to time. If i is the square root of negative one,
then i2 is the square root of negative one times the square root of negative one. Thus, i2 is -1.

Conjugate Concept

The term conjugate means a pair of things joined together. These two things are exactly the same
except for one pair of features that are actually opposite of each other. If you look at these faces,
you will notice that they are the same except that they have opposite facial expressions: one has a
smile and the other has a frown.

What is a Math Conjugate?

A math conjugate is formed by changing the sign between two terms in a binomial. For instance,
the conjugate of x + y is x - y. We can also say that x + y is a conjugate of x - y. In other words, the
two binomials are conjugates of each other. Instead of smile and a frown, math conjugates have a
positive sign and a negative sign, respectively.

Let's consider a simple example. The conjugate of 5x + 9 is 5x - 9.

A modulus function is a function which gives a positive output irrespective of the input. That means
that even if I input a negative value of x, there will always be a positive value of y for the function
y=f(x)=|x|. It is defined as f(x)=xf(x)=x forx>0forx>0 and f(x)=−xforx<0f(x)=−xforx<0. So, you can see
that if you take a negative number and input it in the function, output is positive.

Reference Angle

For any given angle, its reference angle is an acute version of that angle. In standard position, the
reference angle is the smallest angle between the terminal side and the x-axis. The values of the trig
functions of angle θ are the same as the trig values of the reference angle for θ, give or take a
minus sign.
Definition of triangle inequality
: an inequality stating that the absolute value of a sum is less than or equal to the sum of the
absolute values of the terms
The “argument” of a complex number is just the angle it makes with the positive real axis.

It seems silly not to keep the same convention for all quadrants but “officially” the principal value of
the argument is – 180 < θ ≤ 180

or in radians – π < θ ≤ π