PHY 351(MATERIALS SCIENCE)

TUTORIAL 1
INTRODUCTION

JUNE 2018
a) Briefly describe the following types of bonding with an example for each.
i) Ionic Bonding
ii) Hydrogen Bonding

b) An attraction of Coulombic force exits between the ions of Cs+ and I- that touched each other
is 2.83 x 10-9 N. The ionic radius of the Cs+ ion is 0.165 nm. Calculate the ionic radius of the I-.
Given: Electron charge, e = 1.6 x 10-19 C, Coulomb’s constant, k = 9 x 109 Nm2C-2.
(Ans: 0.12 nm)

JANUARY 2018
a) Describe briefly the following types of bonding and their main characteristics in terms of
strength, hardness and melting point.
i) Ionic Bonding
ii) Metallic Bonding

b) Given that the attractive force between a pair of Sr2+ and O2- ions is 1.29 x 10-8 N and the
ionic radius of O2- ions is 0.132 nm. Calculate the ionic radius of the Sr2+ ion.
Given: Electron charge, e = 1.6 x 10-19 C, Coulomb’s constant, k = 9 x 109 Nm2C-2
(Ans: 0.135 nm)

MARCH 2017
a) Explain the following types of bonding with an example for each.
i) Covalent Bonding
ii) Metallic Bonding

b) Calculate the Coulombic attractive force between a pair of potassium (K+) and oxygen (O2-)
ions that just touch each other. The ionic radius for potassium is 0.32 nm and that of oxygen
is 0.46 nm.
The electronic charge, e = 1.6 x 10-19 C and the permittivity of free space, Ԑ0 = 8.85 x 10-12 C2
N-1 m-2.
(Ans: 7.57 x 10-10 N)

OCTOBER 2016
1. a) Define the atomic mass (A) of an atom with description of each particle mentioned.
b) Explain the difference between three (3) strong atomic bonding.

2. Calculate the columbic attractive force between a pair of Na+ and F- ions that just touch each
other. Assume the ionic radius of the sodium ion to be 0.095 nm and that of fluoride 0.136
nm.
(Electron charge, e = 1.6 x 10-19 C, Coulomb’s constant, k = 9 x 109 Nm2C-2)
(Ans: 4.3x10-9 N)

PHY 351 – MATERIALS SCIENCE

Mazlini Binti Mazlan (mazlini4290@perak.uitm.edu.my)
 PHY 351(MATERIALS SCIENCE)

MARCH 2016
1. Explain the following types of bonding.
i) Covalent bonding
ii) Ionic bonding

2. Calculate the force attraction between Mg2+ and O2- ions that touch each other. Assume that
the radius of Mg2+ and O2- ion is 0.143 nm and 0.172 nm respectively. (Given that electronic
charge, e = 1.6 x 10-19 C and the permittivity of free space, Ԑ0 = 8.85 x 10-12 C2 N-1 m-2).
(Ans: 9.279 x 10-9 N)

SEPTEMBER 2015
1. Atomic bonding can be classified into primary and secondary bonding.
i) Name two primary bonding.
ii) Describe the two primary bonding in (i) giving an example for each bonding.

2. Two ions pair of charge +3 and -3 are separated by a distance of 0.25 nm and attracted by
ionic bonding. Calculate the attraction force. (Given that electronic charge, e = 1.6 x 10 -19 C,
Coulomb’s constant, k = 9 x 109 Nm2C-2, and the permittivity of free space, Ԑ0 = 8.85 x 10-12 C2
N-1 m-2).
(Ans: 3.32 x 10-8 N)

MARCH 2015
1. Sketch a diagram of intermolecular force versus the separation distance between atoms and
show on the diagram the:
i) Attractive force
ii) Repulsive force
iii) Net force

2. Primary atomic bonds can be subdivided into three (3) classes. List two (2) of the classes and
briefly explain each one of them.

SEPTEMBER 2014
1. Describe briefly the following types of bonding and state an example for each bonding.
i) Covalent bonding
ii) Ionic bonding
iii) Metallic bonding

2. Calculate the Coulombic attractive force between a pair of K+ and O2- ions that just touch
each other. The ionic radius for potassium (K) = 0.32 nm and that of oxygen is 0.46 nm. The
electronic charge, e = 1.6 x 10-19 C and the permittivity of free space, Ԑ0 = 8.85 x 10-12 C2 N-1
m-2.
(Ans: 7.57 x 10-10 N)

PHY 351 – MATERIALS SCIENCE

Mazlini Binti Mazlan (mazlini4290@perak.uitm.edu.my)
 PHY 351(MATERIALS SCIENCE)

MARCH 2014
1. Describe briefly the following types of bonding.
i) Ionic bonding
ii) Van Der Waals bonding.

2. The attractive force between the ions of Ca2+ and O2- that just touch each other is 1.61 x 10-8
N. the ionic radius of Ca2+ ion is 0.099 nm. Calculate the ionic radius of O2- given e = 1.6 x 10-
19
C and Ԑ0 = 8.85 x 10-12 C2 N-1 m-2.
(Ans: 0.141 nm)

SEPTEMBER 2013
1. List three basic classification of materials and give two examples of each.

2. State the main characteristics of the following and give one example of each.

i) Ionic bonding
ii) Covalent bonding
iii) Metallic bonding
iv) Hydrogen bonding

3. Calculate the attractive force between of Ba2+ and S2- ions that just touch each other.
Assume the ionic radius of Ba2+ and S2- are 0.143 nm and 0.174 nm respectively.
(Given, k = 9 x 109 Nm2C-2, electron charge, e = 1.6 x 10-19 C).
(Ans: 9.163 x 10-9 N)
MARCH 2013
1. Describe briefly the following type of bonding.

i. Covalent bonding
ii. Dipole-dipole bonding
iii. Ionic bonding

2. Calculate the Coulombic forces of attraction between Mg2+ and O2- ions pair. Given radius for
Mg2+ = 0.078 nm and O2- = 0.132 nm, Ԑ0 = 8.85 x 10-12 F/m, e = 1.6 x 10-19 C.

(Ans: 1.30 x 1011 N)

PHY 351 – MATERIALS SCIENCE

Mazlini Binti Mazlan (mazlini4290@perak.uitm.edu.my)