PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS ONTARIO

National Examinations - May 2011

07~Mec-A5, Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

3 hours duration

Name [print]: Signature:

Notes:
[1] If doubt exists as to the interpretation of any question, the candidate is urged to submit,
with the answer paper, a clear statement of any assumptions made.
[2] Candidates may use one of two calculators, the Casio or Sharp approved models. This
is a closed book examination.
[3] Any five (5) questions constitute a complete paper. Only the first five questions as
they appear in your answer book will be marked.
[4] Each question is of equal value.
[5] Clarity and organization of answers are important.
[6] The candidate is required to sign this examination paper and submit it with the solution
booklets.
[7] 1t = 3.14159
1 hp =746 W
).lQ =: 4n x 10-7 H m'

Front Page
PEO National Examinations May 2011 Mec-AS

QUESTIONl

Consider the circuit shown in Figure 1 which has been designed using ideal operational amplifiers
( VI to U3 ) with infinite bandwidth and infinite open loop gain. In the schematic, a, b and c are
constants. You will note that U3 is configured as a basic difference amplifier which has a transfer
function given by:
Eo = c ( ey - ex )
where ey and ex are the potentials at points y and x respectively.
In the derivation of the transfer function for such circuits, one can assume:
[i] Zero differential voltage between the input terminals of the operational amplifier,
[ii] Zero current flows into either input terminal of the operational amplifier.

Applying the principle of superposition, derive an expression for the transfer function
of the total circuit [ Eo as a function of E1• Ez ].

Hint: Let ~ = D, and solve for the potentials at points x and y for input E1•
Let El = D. and again solve for the potentials at points x and y for input E2•
Calculate the resultant output Eo for both E, and E2 inputs.

R
1

U2
E ._----i +
2 R

Figure 1 Circuit Schematic

Page - I of 8
PEO National Examinations May 2011 Mec-AS

QUESTION 2

Consider the transistor circuit shown in Figure 2. All transistors can be assumed to be identical with
a de current gain p.

Calculate the current transfer ratio for the circuit, 12 / 1., as a function of ~'

I
1

-'-

Figure 2 Transistor Circuit

Page - 2 of 8
PEO National Examinations May 2011 Mee-AS

QUESTION 3

A novel type of De machine is designed using a disc type rotor of effective outer and inner diameters
D and d respectively, as shown in Figure 3. A current 12 is fed radially through the rotor via two
ring shaped carbon brushes. The rotor lies in the horizontal plane and is situated in a vertical magnetic
field of uniform density, B Tesla. The rotor spins at an angular speed co rad/s.
[a] Find the magnitude of the emf e generated between the brushes.
[b] Determine the torque that the rotor will be subjected to and find the output horsepower
of the machine.

HINT: As a starting point, consider an elemental annulus of radius r and radia11ength dr.

T
o d CARBON
BRUSHES
~

TOP VIEW

UNIFORM VERTICAL MAGNETIC FIELD

n
~ t • II
~ it.
n
•0 FRONT VIEW

Figure 3 de Machine

Page - 3 of 8
PEO National Examinations May 2011 Mec-A5

QUESTION 4

Consider the magnetic circuit of a transformer shown in Figure 4. Infinite relative permeability can
be assumed for the iron core.

N
1
d1

1f 1 d
2

- N
2
T T
7
I
A1
I
A2

Figure 4 Transformer
The following specifications apply.

i, 3.77 X 10.2 m At 0.02 m2

t, 7.54 x 10.2 m A2 0.02m2
N1 200 turns N2 20 turns
[pnmary] [secondary]

When a de voltage equal to 10 mV is applied to the primary, the measured primary current is 100
rnA. When a dc voltage of 0.1 mV is applied to the secondary winding, the measured secondary
current is 100 rnA.
Assume that leakage inductances and eddy current and hysteresis losses are negligible; consider
an operating frequency of 1000 Hz.
[a] Draw the equivalent circuit of the transformer referred to the primary and calculate
component values.
[b] A transducer with an impedance of 0.078 .Q is connected across the secondary of the
transformer; an amplifier is connected to the primary. Calculate the output impedance
of the amplifier to give maximum power transfer to the load.

Page - 4 of 8
PEO National Examinations May 2011 Mec-A5

QUESTION 5

This question consists of two parts which are not necessarily related.

Part I
A combinational logic circuit is shown in Figure 5.
[a] Write a general Boolean algebra expression for the output F
as a function of the inputs A, B.
[b] Using DeMorgan' s theorems and other Boolean identities, simplify the expression obtained
in [a]. Is there a single gate which can replace the network shown?
[e] Generate a truth table giving the logic levels at points C, D, E and F for inputs A,B.

Partll
Design a 2-input exclusive or (EOR) gate using only 2-input NOR gates.
Ed] Develop the truth table for the gate.
[e] Write a general Boolean algebra expression for the output as a function of the inputs.
[f] Using DeMorgan' s theorems and other Boolean identities, modify the expression obtained
in [e] to provide a solution which can be implemented with NOR gates.
[g] Draw the circuit diagram for the final gate array.

A c F
B

Figure 5 Combinational Logic Circuit

Page - 5 of 8
PEO National Examinations May 2011 Mec-AS

QUESTION 6

Consider the RC circuit shown in Figure 6[a], The switch S1 is closed at time t=O connecting the
de supply VI to the network.
[aJ Derive an expression for the transfer function of the circuit, VofVb in the time domain.
[b] Sketch the transfer function for a time interval of 5 time constants.
The RC circuit is reconfigured as shown in Figure 6[b], An ac voltage source of variable frequency
Vi is connected to the input.

[c] Derive an expression for the transfer function of the circuit. vjv ••in the frequency
domain.
Ed] Sketch the magnitude of the transfer function for a frequency range of 4 decades
centered at the comer frequency of the circuit.

L
~ l[ =rc_c __ ~~o
[a]

V.
I
c

[b]
Figure 6 RC Circuit: [a] de test; [b] ac test

Page - 6 of 8
PEO National Examinations May 2011

QUESTION 7
This question consists of two parts which are not necessarily related.

Part I
A 3 phase, 300 hp, 12 pole wound rotor induction motor is operated from a 60 Hz source. The per
phase rotor resistance f2 was measured and found to be 0.04Q. At fun load, the speed of the motor
is 582 rpm.
At full load, determine:
[a] The speed of the magnetic field in revolutions per minute.
[b] The slip of the rotor.
[cl The frequency of the rotor currents.
Ed] The angular velocity of the stator field with respect to the stator.
[e] The angular velocity of the stator field with respect to the rotor.
[f] The angular velocity of the rotor field with respect to the rotor.
[g] The angular velocity of the rotor field with respect to the stator.

Part II
In the normal operating region of an induction motor, torque is a linear function of slip. A test was
performed on a 3 phase, 8 pole squirrel cage induction motor which is operated from a 60 Hz source
and it was found that it developed a torque of 3 N.m at a speed of 810 rpm.
The induction motor is used to drive a load which requires a torque which is a linear function of
speed. In another test, it was found that the torque required by the load was 0.5 N.m at a speed of
435 rpm.
[a] Sketch the speed-torque characteristics for the motor and load.
[b] Calculate the operating point for the motor-load system.

Page -7 of 8
PEO National Examinations May 2011 Mec-AS

QUESTIONS

An industrial load is represented in Figure 8 by R = 6,Q and XL = 8!l The load voltage
is 250LO· V.
[a] Calculate the load current, power, reactive power and power factor.
[b] Calculate the generator voltage V G required at the input end of the transmission line
(represented by the series impedance Zr = (l + j3)Q and the power lost in transmission
PT'
[c] If capacitor Xc = 12.50 is connected in parallel by closing switch S, calculate Ie. the
new load current I, and the new power factor. Show V, IL' Ie. and I on a phasor diagram.
[d] Calculate the new generator voltage and the new transmission power loss.
[e] What two advantages do you see for improving the power factor by adding a parallel
capacitor?

Figure 8 Industrial Load

Page - 8 of 8
 PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS ONTARIO
National Examinations - May 2012

07-Mec-AS, Electrical & ;Electronics Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

3 hoUTsduration

Name [print]: Signature:

Notes:
(1] If dou bt exists as to the interpretation of any question, the candidate is urged to submit,
with the answer paper, a clear statement of any assumptions made.
[2] Candidates may use one of two calculators. the Casio or Sharp approved models. This
is a closed book examination.
[3] Any five (5) questions constitute a complete paper. Only the first five questions as
they appear in your answer book will be marked.
[4] Each question is of equal value.
[5] Clarity and organization of answers are important
[6] The candidate is required to sign this examination paper and submit it with the solution
booklets.
(7] 1t = 3.14159
1 hp =746W
J..I1l = 41t X 10.7 H m"

Front Page
PEO National Examinations May 2012

QUESTION 1

Consider the transistor circuit shown in Figure 1. All transistors can be assumed to be identical with
a dc current gain ~.

Calculate the current transfer ratio for the circuit. 121 II' as a function of~.

I
1

Figure 1 Transistor Circuit

Page - 1 of 8
PEO National Examinations May 20U Mec-AS

QUESTION 2

This question consists of two parts which are not necessarily related.

Part I
A combinational logic circuit is shown in Figure 2.
[a] Write a general Boolean algebra expression for the output F
as a function of the inputs A, B.
[b] Using De Morgan •s theorems and other Boolean identities, simplify the expression obtained
in [a]. Is there a single gate which can replace the network shown?
[c] Generate a truth table giving the logic levels at points C, D. E and F for inputs A,B.

Part II
Design a 2-input exclusive or (EOR) gate using only 2-input NOR gates.
[d] Develop the truth table for the gate.
[e] Write a general Boolean algebra expression for the output as a function of the inputs.
[fJ Using DeMorgan's theorems and other Boolean identities, modify the expression obtained
in [e] to provide a solution which can be implemented with NOR gates.
[g] Draw the circuit diagram for the final gate array.

A c F
B

Figure 2 Combinational Logic Circuit

Page - 2 ofS
PEO National Examinations May 2012 Mec-AS

QUESTION 3
A linear dc machine consisting of a conducting bar resting on two conducting rails is shown in
Figure 3. The magnetic flux density is I T, directed into the page, the resistor R is O.05.Q, the rail
separation is 1 metre, and the battery voltage Vo is 2 V. Assume negligible friction between the bar
and rails.
[a] Assume that the bar is stationary at time t=O when the switch 51 is closed. What is the
magnitude and direction of the force on the bar at the start? What is the initial curren t
flow? What is speed of the bar assuming that no mechanical load is applied to the bar?
[b] If the bar is loaded down with a force of 20 N opposite to the direction of motion,
determine the new steady state speed. Calculate the power delivered by the battery,
the power delivered to the mechanical load and the power lost to heat in the resistance
R. What is the efficiency of the machine under these circumstances?
[c] The loading force in part [b] is removed and a mechanical pulling force of ION directed
to the right is applied to the bar. In steady state, determine the speed, the power taken
from the mechanical source, the power delivered to the battery and the power lost to
heat in the resistance R. What is the efficiency of the machine under these circum-
stances?

x x x x

x x x x
B = 1.0 Wb/m2

Figure 3 Top View of Linear de Machine

Page - 3 ofS
PEO National Examinations May 2012 Mec-AS

QUESTION 4

Consider the magnetic circuit of a transformer shown in Figure 4. Infinite relative permeability can
be assumed for the iron core.

d1
-----= Nt

.•.
1r
-----= N2
T
I
,
Figure 4 Transformer
The following specifications apply.

LI 3.77 x 10·2m Al 0.02 m2

i, 7.54 x 1O·2m A2 0,02 m2
Nt 200tums N2 20 turns
[primary] [secondary]

When a de voltage equal to 10 mV is applied to the primary, the measured primary current is 100
rnA. When a de voltage of 0.1 mV is applied to the secondary winding, the measured secondary
current is 100 rnA.
Assume that leakage inductances and eddy current and hysteresis losses are negligible; consider
an operating frequency of 1000 Hz.
[a] Draw the equivalent circuit of the transformer referred to the primary and calculate
component values.
[b] A transducer with an impedance of 0.078 n is connected across the secondary of the
transformer; an amplifier is connected to the primary, Calculate the ou tput impedance
of the amplifier to give maximum power transfer to the load,

Page - 40f8
PEO National Examinations May 2012 Mec-AS

QUESTIONS
Consider the circuit shown in Figure 5. Assume an ideal operational amplifier with infinite band-
width and inflnite open loop gain.
[a] Use the straight line approximation technique to sketch a plot of the magnitude of
Vol V I in dB versus log., of frequency for a frequency range of 0.00 I Hz to 10 MHz.
Clearly indicate all gain levels, comer frequencies and unity gain points. Show cal-
culations of the data used to plot your graph.
[b] A signal generator is connected to the input of the circuit.
[1] A sine wave of frequency 0.01 Hz is selected for input to the circuit
What is the function of the circuit at this frequency?
Write an expression for the transfer function of the circuit in the time domain.
[2] A sine wave of frequency 1000 Hz is selected for input to the circui t.
What is the function of the circuit at this frequency?
Write an expression for the transfer function of the circuit in the time domain.
[3] A sine wave of frequency I Ml-lz is selected for input to the circuit.
What is the function of the circuit at this frequency?
Write an expression for the transfer function of the circuit in the time domain.

R
2

R C
1 1
~ e-V0---1

Figure 5 Circuit Schematic

Resistors Capacitors
Rl 160kohm C1 1.0 J..lF
Rz 16Mohm Cz 1 pF
Component List

Page - 5 of 8
PEO National Examinations May 2012 Mec-A5

QUESTION 6
.
Consider the RC circuit shown in Figure 6[a]. The switch "51is closed at time t=O connecting the
de supply VI to the network.
[a] Derive an expression for the transfer function of the cireui t, V JV I> in the time domain.
[b] Sketch the transfer function for a time interval of 5 time constants.
The RC circuit is reconfigured as shown in Figure 6[b]. An ac voltage source of variable frequency
Vi is connected to the input

[c] Derive an expression for the transfer function of the circuit, v,jv}. in the frequency
domain.
[d] Sketch the magnitude of the transfer function for a frequency range of 4 decades
centered at the comer frequency of the circuit

[a]

V.
I
c

[b]
Figure 6 RC Circuit: [a] de test; [b] ac test

Page ~60fS
PEO National Examinations May 2012 Mec-A5

QUESTION 7

An industrial load is represented in Figure 7 by R = 6Q and XL = SQ. The load voltage

is 250LO' V.
[aJ Calculate the load current. power. reactive power and power factor.
[b] Calculate the generator voltage Va required at the input end of the transmission line
(represented by the series impedance Zr = (1 +j3).Q and the power lost in transmission
PT·
[c] If capacitor Xc = 12.5Q is connected in parallel by closing switch S. calculate Ie. the
new load current I, and the new power factor. Show V. IL•Ie. and Ion a phasordiagram.
[d] Calculate the new generator voltage and the new transmission power loss.
[e] What two advantages do you see for improving the power factor by adding a parallel
capacitor?

Figure 7 Industrial Load

Page -7 cf8
PEO National Examinations May 2012

QUEST~ON8

The results of no-load and blocked-rotor tests conducted on a three-phase wye-connected induction
motor are as follows:

No-load test:

line-to-line voltage: 400V

input power: 1770W
input current: IS.5A
friction and windage loss: 600W
Blocked-rotor test:

line-to-line voltage: 45V

input power. 2700W
input current: 63A

[a] Sketch the equivalent circuit of the induction motor and identify all parameters.
[b] Determine the parameters of the equivalent circuit of the induction motor.

Page - S of 8
 PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS ONTARIO

National Examinations -May 2015

07-Mec-A5, Electrical &Electronics Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

3 hours duration

Name [print]: Signature:

Notes:
[1] If doubt exists as to the interpretarion of any question, the candidate is urged to submit,
with the answer paper, a clear statement of any assumptions made.
[2] Candidates may use one of two calculators, the Casio or Sharp approved models. This
is a closed book examination.
[3] This examination consists of the front page and 8 numbered pages.
[4) Any five (5) questions constitute a complete paper. Only the first five questions as
they appear in your answer book will be marked.
[5] Each question is of equal value.
[6] Clarity and organization of answers are important.
[7] The candidate is required to sign this examination paper and submit it with the solution
booklets.
[8] ~ = 3.14159
1 hp = 746 W
E.tfl = 4~t x 10"7 H m~1

Front Page
PEO National Examinations May 2015 07-Mec-A5

QUESTION 1
Consider the amplifier circuit shown in Figure 1. Assume an average DC current gain ~3 = 100 for
the npn transistor.
[a] Determine the values of RE and R~ required for an operating point of I~ = 2 mA and
VIE = 6 V.
[b] Sketch the I~ vs VIE characterisric and draw the do load line.
[c] For RL = 3kSZ, draw the ac load line and estimate the output voltage vo for an input
current ib = 10 sin u~t µA.

V
CC

R~

Figure 1 Transistor Circuit

Component List

R1 = 1Q kS2 RZ = 30 kS2 V~~ = 15 V

Page - 1 of 8
PLO National Examinations May 2015 07-Mec-AS

QUESTION 2
This question consists of two parts which are not necessarily related.

PartI
A combinational logic circuit is shown in Figure 2.
[a] Write a general Boolean algebra expression for the output F
as a function of the inputs A, B.
[b] UsingDeMorgan's theorems and other Boolean identities, simplify the expression obtained
in [a]. Is there a single gate which can replace the network shown?
[c] Generate a truth table giving the logic levels at points C, D, E and F for inputs A,B.

Part II
Design a 2-input exclusive or (EOR) gate using only 2-input NOR gates.
[d] Develop the truth table for the gate.
[e] Write a general Boolean algebra expression for the output as a function of the inputs.
[fJ Using DeMorgan's theorems and other Boolean identities, modify the expression obtained
in [e] to provide a solution which can be implemented with NOR gates.
[gJ Draw the circuit diagram for the final gate array.

F
L3

Figure 2 Combinational Logic Circuit

Page - 2 of 8
PEO National Examinations May 2015 07-Mec-AS

QUESTION 3
A novel type of do machine can be designed using aspoke-like rotor with current carrying conductors
arranged in a radial fashion as shown in Figure 3. Current is fed radially through the rotor spokes
via two ring shaped carbon brushes. The rotor lies in the horizontal plane and is situated in a uniform
vertical magnetic field.
The rotor has an outer radius RZ = 0.2 m and an inner radius R1= 0.05 m and consists of 8 conductors.
The magnetic flux density B is 0.5 T.
[a] If the rotor runs at a speed of n = 3000 rpm, find the magnitude of the emf e generated
between the brushes.
[b] If a total current of 500 A flows radially between the brushes, calculate the torque that
the rotor will be subjected to and determine the output horsepower of the machine.
HINT: As a starting point, consider a small radial element of length dr located at a distance
r from the centre of rotation.

'ION

CARBON
BRUSHES

TOP VIEW

UNIFORM VERTICAL MAGNETIC FIELD

~~~~~~~~ FRONT VIEW

Figure 3 do Machine

Page - 3 of 8
PEO National Examinations May 2015 07-Mec-AS

QUESTION 4

Consider the magnetic circuit of a transformer shown in Figure 4. Infinite relative permeability can
be assumed for the iron core.

d2

Al A2

Figure 4 Transformer
The following specifications apply.

Ll 3.77 x 10"2 m A, 0.02 m2

L.2 7.54 x 10-Z m A2 0.02 m2
NI 200 turns NZ 20 turns
[primary] [secondary]

When a do voltage equal to 10 mV is applied to the primary, the measured primary current is 100
mA. When a do voltage of 0.1 mV is applied to the secondary winding, the measured secondary
current is 100 mA.
Assume that leakage inductances and eddy current and hysteresis losses are negligible; consider
an operating frequency of 1000 Hz.
(a] Draw the equivalent circuit of the transformer referred to the primary and calculate
component values.
[b] A transducer with an impedance of 0.078 S2 is connected across the secondary of the
transformer; an amplifier is connected to the primary. Calculate the output impedance
of the amplifier to give maximum power transfer to the load.

Page - 4 of 8
PEO National Examinations May 2015 07-Mec-AS

QUESTION 5
Consider the circuit shown in Figure 5. Assume an ideal operational amplifier with infinite band-
width and infinite open loop gain.
[a] Use the straight line approximation technique to sketch a plot of the magnitude of
Vo / VIin dB versus loglo of frequency for a frequency range of 0.001 Hz to 10 MHz.
Clearly indicate all gain levels, corner frequencies and unity gain points. Show cal-
culations of the data used to plot your graph.
[b] A signal generator is connected to the input of the circuit.
[1] A sine wave of frequency 0.01 Hz is selected for input to the circuit.
What is the function of the circuit at this frequency?
Write an expression for the transfer function of the circuit in the time domain.
[2] A sine wave of frequency 1000 Hz is selected for input to the circuit.
What is the function of the circuit at this frequency?
Write an expression for the transfer function of the circuit in the time domain.
[3] A sine wave of frequency 1 MHz is selected for input to the circuit.
What is the function of the circuit at this frequency?
Write an expression for the transfer function of the circuit in the time domain.
C
2

R C
1
V
V~

Figure 5 Circuit Schematic

Resistors Capacitors
R, 160 kohm C, 1.0 µF
Rz 16 Mohm CZ 1 pF
Component List

Page - 5 of 8
PEO National Examinations May 2015 07-Mec-AS

QUESTION 6
This question consists of two parts which are not necessarily related.

PartI
A 3 phase, 300 hp, 12 pole wound rotor induction motor is operated from a 60 Hz source. The per
phase rotor resistance r2 was measured and found to be 0.0452. At full load, the speed of the motor
is 582 rpm.
At full load, determine:
[a] The speed of the magnetic field in revolutions per minute.
[b] The slip of the rotor.
[c] The frequency of the rotor currents.
[d] The angular velocity of the stator field with respect to the stator.
[e] The angular velocity of the stator field with respect to the rotor.
[f] The angular velocity of the rotor field with respect to the rotor.
[g] The angular velocity of the rotor field with respect to the stator.

Part II
was
In the normal operating region of an induction motor, torque is a linear function of slip. A test
squirrel cage induction motor which is operated from a 60 Hz source
performed on a 3 phase, 8 pole
and it was found that it developed a torque of 3 N.m at a speed of 810 rpm.
of
The induction motor is used to drive a load which requires a torque which is a linear function
of
speed. In another test, it was found that the torque required by the load was 0.5 N.m at a speed
435 rpm.
[a] Sketch the speed-torque characteristics for the motor and load.
[b] Calculate the operating point for the motor-load system.

Page - 6 of 8
 07-Mec-AS
PEO National Examinations May 2015

QUESTION 7
time t=0 connecting the
Consider the RC circuit shown in Figure 7[a]. The switch S1 is closed at
do supply VI to the network.
in the time domain.
[a] Derive an expression for the transfer function of the circuit, Vo/VI,
[b] Sketch the transfer function for a time interval of 5 time constants.
of variable frequency
The RC circuit is reconfigured as shown in Figure 7[b]. An ac voltage source
v; is connected to the input.
in the frequency
[c] Derive an expression for the transfer function of the circuit, v~/v;,
domain.
of 4 decades
[d] Sketch the magnitude of the transfer function for a frequency range
centered at the corner frequency of the circuit.

S1
~~ R
VI C ~O

[a]

v. ~ R
~ ~ ~o

~b~
Figure 7 RC Circuit: [a] do test; [b] ac test

Page-7of8
PEO National Examinations May 2015 07-Mec-AS

QUESTION 8
An industrial load is represented in Figure 8 by R = 6S2 and XL = 8SZ. The load voltage
is 250L0~ V.
[a] Calculate the load current, power, reactive power and power factor.
[b] Calculate the generator voltage V~ required at the input end of the transmission line
(represented by the series impedance Z,~ _ (1+ j3)S2 and the power lost in transmission
PT•
[c] If capacitor X~ = 12.SSZ is connected in para11e1 by closing switch S, calculate I~, the
new load currentI, and the new power factor. Show V,IL,I~, andIon a phasor diagram.
[d] Calculate the new generator voltage and the new transmission power loss.
[e] What two advantages do you see for improving the power factor by adding a parallel
capacitor?

~=- S

ZT I~ I IC I
i t
~ ~ ~ R
G X
XL C

Figure S Industrial Load

Page-8of8
 PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS ONTARIO

National Examinations - May 2016

07-Mec-A5, Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

3 hours duration

Notes:
[1] If doubt exists as to the interpretation of any question, the candidate is urged to submit,
with the answer paper, a clear statement of any assumptions made.
[2] Candidates may use one of two calculators, the Casio or Sharp approved models. This
is a closed book examination.
[3] This examination consists of the front page and 8 numbered pages.
[4] Any five (5) questions constitute a complete paper. Only the first five questions as
they appear in your answer book will be marked.
[5] Each question is of equal value.
[6] Clarity and organization of answers are important.
[7] The candidate is required to sign this examination paper and submit it with the solution
booklets.
[8] it= 3.14159
1 hp = 746 W
= 47c x l0 7 Hm 1

Front Page
PEO National Examinations May 2016 07-Mec-AS

QUESTION 1

Consider the transistor circuit shown in Figure 1. All transistors can be assumed to be identical with
a dc current gain Ps.

Calculate the current transfer ratio for the circuit, 12 /Il, as a function of f3.

N
0
2

Figure 1 Transistor Circuit

Page - 1 of 8
PEO National Examinations May 2016 07-Mec-A5

QUESTION 2
This question consists of two parts which are not necessarily related.

PartI
A combinational logic circuit is shown in Figure 2.
[a] Write a general Boolean algebra expression for the output F
as a function of the inputs A, B.
[b] UsingDeMorgan's theorems and other Booleanidentities, simplify the expression obtained
in [a]. Is there a single gate which can replace the network shown?
[c] Generate a truth table giving the logic levels at points C, D, E and F for inputs A,B.

Part II
Design a 2-input exclusive or (EOR) gate using only 2-input NOR gates.
[d] Develop the truth table for the gate.
[e] Write a general Boolean algebra expression for the output as a function of the inputs.
RI Using DeMorgan's theorems and other Boolean identities, modify the expression obtained
in [e] to provide a solution which can be implemented with NOR gates.
[g] Draw the circuit diagram for the final gate array.

Figure 2 Combinational Logic Circuit

Page - 2 of 8
PEO National Examinations May 2016 07-Mec-A5

QUESTION 3
A linear dc machine consisting of a conducting bar resting on two conducting rails is shown in
Figure 3. The magnetic flux density is 1 T, directed into the page, the resistor R is 0.05Q, the rail
separation is 1 metre, and the battery voltage Vo is 2 V. Assume negligible friction between the bar
and rails.
[a] Assume that the bar is stationary at time t=0 when the switch S1 is closed. What is the
magnitude and direction of the force on the bar at the start? What is the initial current
flow? What is speed of the bar assuming that no mechanical load is applied to the bar?
[b] If the bar is loaded down with a force of 20 N opposite to the direction of motion,
determine the new steady state speed. Calculate the power delivered by the battery,
the power delivered to the mechanical load and the power lost to heat in the resistance
R. What is the efficiency of the machine under these circumstances?
[c] The loading force inpart [b] is removed and a mechanicalpulling force of 10 N directed
to the right is applied to the bar. In steady state, determine the speed, the power taken
from the mechanical source, the power delivered to the battery and the power lost to
heat in the resistance R. What is the efficiency of the machine under these circum-
stances?

Si R

V0 =2V 1m

B = 1.0 Wb/m 2
Figure 3 Top View of Linear dc Machine

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PEO National Examinations May 2016 07-Mec-A5

QUESTION 4

Consider the magnetic circuit of a transformer shown in Figure 4. Infinite relative permeability can
be assumed for the iron core.

C-

d
2

A A2
1

Figure 4 Transformer
The following specifications apply.

LI 3.77 x 10-2 m A1 0.02 m2

I-#2 7.54 x 10-2 m A2 0.02 m2
N1 200 turns N2 20 turns
[primary] [secondary]

When a dc voltage equal to 10 mV is applied to the primary, the measured primary current is 100
mA. When a de voltage of 0.1 mV is applied to the secondary winding, the measured secondary
current is 100 mA.
Assume that leakage inductances and eddy current and hysteresis losses are negligible; consider
an operating frequency of 1000 Hz.
[a] Draw the equivalent circuit of the transformer referred to the primary and calculate
component values.
[b] A transducer with an impedance of 0.078 K2 is connected across the secondary of the
transformer; an amplifier is connected to the primary. Calculate the output impedance
of the amplifier to give maximum power transfer to the load.

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PEO National Examinations May 2016 07-Mec-A5

QUESTION 5
Consider the circuit shown in Figure 5. Assume an ideal operational amplifier with infinite band-
width and infinite open loop gain.
[a] Use the straight line approximation technique to sketch a plot of the magnitude of
Vo VIin dB versus log10 of frequency for a frequency range of 0.001 Hz to 10 MHz.
Clearly indicate all gain levels, corner frequencies and unity gain points. Show cal-
culations of the data used to plot your graph.
[b] A signal generator is connected to the input of the circuit.
[1] A sine wave of frequency 0.01 Hz is selected for input to the circuit.
What is the function of the circuit at this frequency?
Write an expression for the transfer function of the circuit in the time domain.
[2] A sine wave of frequency 1000 Hz is selected for input to the circuit.
What is the function of the circuit at this frequency?
Write an expression for the transfer function of the circuit in the time domain.
[3] A sine wave of frequency 1 MHz is selected for input to the circuit.
What is the function of the circuit at this frequency?
Write an expression for the transfer function of the circuit in the time domain.
C
2

R
2

R
1
V 4,-W
1 'V0

//
Figure 5 Circuit Schematic

Resistors Capacitors
R1 160 kohm C1 1.0 liF
R2 16 Mohm C2 1 pF
Component List

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PEO National Examinations May 2016 07-Mec-A5

QUESTION 6

PartI
A dc test is performed on a 208-V, six-pole, delta connected, 60Hz induction motor, as shown in
Figure 6.
[a] If VDc = 3.32 V and 'D' = 3.1 A, calculate the per phase stator resistance, r1.
Three phase excitation is applied to the motor which runs with a slip of 3.5%. Find:
[b] The speed of the magnetic field in revolutions per minute.
[c] The speed of the rotor in revolutions per minute.
[d] The electrical frequency of the rotor current.
The load on the motor is now doubled. Calculate:
[e] The speed of the rotor in revolutions per minute.

Part II
You are provided with a graph of the speed-torque characteristic of a three phase wound rotor
induction motor. The torque required to drive a pump is T = Kpn2 ( Kp is a constant; n is speed in
revolutions/second). The induction motor is to be used to drive the pump. Show how you would
determine the operating point speed of the system.

INDUCTION
MOTOR

Figure 6 dc Test on Induction Motor

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PEO National Examinations May 2016 07-Mec-A5

QUESTION 7
Consider the RC circuit shown in Figure 7[a]. The switch S1 is closed at time t=0 connecting the
dc supply VI to the network.
[a] Derive an expression for the transfer function of the circuit, Vo/VI,in the time domain.
[b] Sketch the transfer function for a time interval of 5 time constants.
The RC circuit is reconfigured as shown in Figure 7[b]. An ac voltage source of variable frequency
vi is connected to the input.
[c] Derive an expression for the transfer function of the circuit, vivi, in the frequency
domain.
[d] Sketch the magnitude of the transfer function for a frequency range of 4 decades
centered at the corner frequency of the circuit.

•
1 R
V V0

[a]

V.
0

[13]
Figure 7 RC Circuit: [a] dc test; [b] ac test

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PEO National Examinations May 2016 07-Mec-A5

QUESTION 8
An industrial load is represented in Figure 8 by R = 6K2 and XL = 8Q. The load voltage
is 250Z0* V.
[a] Calculate the load current, power, reactive power and power factor.
[h] Calculate the generator voltage VG required at the input end of the transmission line
(represented by the series impedance Zr = (1+ j3)C2 and the power lost in transmission
PT.
[c] If capacitor =12.552 is connected in parallel by closing switch S, calculatelc, the
new load currentI, and the new power factor. Show V,IL,Ic, andIon a phasor diagram.
[d] Calculate the new generator voltage and the new transmission power loss.
[e] What two advantages do you see for improving the power factor by adding a parallel
capacitor?

Figure 8 Industrial Load

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