CHAPTER III

METHODS AND PROCEDURES

This chapter provides a fully detailed account of the research

methodology and the reasons why the various research strategies were

selected. It also deals with the issues of why the particular survey

instrument was selected as being appropriate for the current study. To

start with, the presentation of research methodology will be first

manifested on this chapter, then followed by the respondents of the study,

sampling technique, research environment, instrument used on data

gathering, procedure of data gathering and the statistical tools that will be

used for the analysis.

Research Design

In order to determine the Effects of Sleep Deprivation to the

Academic Performance of Grade 12 STEM Students the descriptive

correlational method has been used. As a descriptive study, detailed

information and factual data were collected to describe the current status

of variables or phenomenon. It is exactly to set out the effects of it to the

students and allowed the researchers to carefully describe and understand

the outcome through the students. This study is descriptive because it

required researchers to explore the impact between variables using

statistical analysis.
Respondents of the Study

The respondents of the study include the two specialization of the

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics strand namely the

STEM - Academics and STEM - Health. The respondents of this study are

Grade 12 students of PHINMA University of Pangasinan, Dagupan

campus, academic year 2019 – 2020. The total sample is 100 students, 50

students from STEM - academics and 50 students from STEM - health as

well. The sampling technique used was non-random purposive sampling.

Non-random sampling is a method of selecting a sample from a population

where the researchers have the right to choose their own respondents. This

sampling technique is purposive, which means that the chosen

respondents are related to the situation or topic of the research. It will help

the researchers show accurate and realistic results and for efficiency of

data collection.

Research Environment

The researchers chose to conduct the study in PHINMA University

of Pangasinan to gather the needed data. The respondents were from

Grade 12 STEM 1P - 4P of PHINMA-University of Pangasinan. They have

answered the given questionnaire prepared by the researchers in their

respective classrooms.
Data Gathering Instrument

The main tool which was utilized in gathering the needed data is the

rating scale. The questionnaire has been drawn out of the researchers’

previous readings on professional literature and published research

papers of professionals that are related and helpful to the study.

The questionnaire was distributed and answered by the 100 respondents

coming from the Grade 12 STEM SHS Students of PHINMA-University of

Pangasinan, Dagupan Campus, A.Y. 2019-2020. The respondents have an

option if they would put their names or not to keep their identities

confidential.

Data Gathering Procedure

Before the questionnaires will be administered to the respondents,

an approval request letter will be sent to the school principal. Upon

approval, the researchers retrieve the request letter in conducting the

survey. Before the researchers administer the survey questionnaires, they

will confer and discuss what is the study all about and its significance.

Then the researchers will personally distribute the survey questionnaires

to the respondents properly. The respondents will be given ten minutes to

answer and complete the given questionnaire. After the questionnaires

have been accomplished, the results will be tallied and tabulated. The data

gathered from the survey will be the basis of analysis and interpretation of

data.
Statistical Treatment of Data

The following statistical treatment was used for the analysis and

interpretation of data. Weighted mean was used to analyze the data that

the researchers gathered from the survey that was taken by the

respondents through the employed checklist questionnaires. The

respondents were categorized in terms of their answers with regards to the

Effects of Dynamic Learning Program to the STEM Students of PHINMA-

University of Pangasinan.

Weighted Mean Formula:

WM = TwF / N

Where:

WM = Weighted Mean

F = Frequency

w = Weight

N = Total number of respondents

TwF = Weighted Frequency

The table equivalent which is the basis of the interpretation of data

will be:
 SCALE INTERPRETATION

5 STRONGLY AGREE

4 AGREE

3 NEITHER/NOR AGREE

2 DISAGREE

1 STRONGLY DISAGREE

To know if there is a correlation between independent and

dependent variables, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was utilized with –1

being the perfect negative correlation and 1 being the perfect positive

correlation. The formula for Pearson’s correlation coefficient is:

𝑛(∑ 𝑥𝑦) − (∑ 𝑥)(∑ 𝑦)

𝑟=
√[𝑛 ∑ 𝑥 2−(∑ 𝑥 2 ) ] − [𝑛 ∑ 𝑦 2−(∑ 𝑦)2 ]

Where:

n = number of pairs of scores

∑ 𝑥𝑦 = sum of the products of paired score

∑ 𝑥 = sum of x scores

∑ 𝑦 = sum of y scores

∑ 𝑥 2 = sum of squared x scores

∑ 𝑦 2 = sum of squared y scores