CLIPPING

MORPHOLOGY AND SYNTAX

Lecturer : Dhafid Wahyu Utomo, M.Pd

Arranged By :

- Asep Eka Parmana (2223180076)

- Bilqisti Rakat (2223180004)
- Dwiky Segara (2223180013)
- Hanifah Ufairah (2223180109)
- Kartika Ratna Sophia (2223180067)
- Mayfa Ika Mawarni (2223180063)
- Tata Regita Putri (2223180127)

Class : 3-A

ENGLISH DEPARTEMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

SULTAN AGENG TIRTAYASA UNIVERSITY

2019
 PREFACE

Praise to God Almighty for the blessings of his grace, and that we were given the
opportunity to be able to compile a working paper entitled "Clipping”.

This paper is structured so that readers can know how to manage time especially
for college students. This paper was compiled with help from various parties. Both parties
come from outside as well as from parties concerned itself. And because the aid and help
of God Almighty, this paper can be finally resolved. This is a paper about Clipping and
was deliberately chosen because to fulfil one of the assignments of Morphology and
Syntax.

The compilers also thanked to Mr. Dhafid Wahyu Utomo as a lecturer of

Morphology and Syntax. Hopefully this paper can give a broader insight to the reader and
also the author. Although this paper has advantages and disadvantages. Thank you.

Serang, 18 September 2019

The Author

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

PREFACE ..............................................................................................................................i

TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................................ii

BAB I INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................1

A. Background ................................................................................................................1
B. Formulation of The Problem ......................................................................................1
C. Purpose of Writing .....................................................................................................1
CHAPTER II DISCUSSION ..............................................................................................2
A. Definition of Clipping ................................................................................................2
B. Types of Clipping ......................................................................................................3
C. Example and Observations ........................................................................................3
CHAPTER III CLOSING ...................................................................................................5
A. Conclusion .................................................................................................................5
B. Advice ........................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES .....................................................................................................................6

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. Background
Language itself consists of some parts, such as morphemes, words, sentences, etc.
Each part has its own function and rule. In this research, the writer limits on the words
analysis as a part of language. Word as a part of language has important rule in forming a
language.
Word as a part of language has important rule in forming a language. People always
use it to build a sentence, but they don’t know where do actually those millions words come
from. People as the user of language sometimes don’t think about how a language is formed.
There are millions words now used by people. Every time people get more and more new
words unless they know the way it happens. The meaning of the new word form is influenced
by the process of forming a word. This process is usually called word formation process.
Word formation is the creation of a new word. Word formation is sometimes
contrasted with semantic change, which is a change in a single word's meaning. Word-
formation process is a way of forming new words or terms from the use of old words. The
processes consist of Abbreviation, Clipping, Blending, Compounding, Onomotopocia, and
Conversion. Therefore, in this paper we will discuss about Clipping.

B. Formulation of The Problem

 What is definition of clipping?
 What are types of clipping ?
 What are examples of clipping ?

C. Purpose of Writing
 To know what definition of clipping is.
 To know what types of clipping are.
 To know what examples of clipping are.

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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

A. Definition of Clipping

In morphology, clipping is the process of forming a new word by dropping one or

more syllables from a polysyllabic word, such as cellphone from cellular phone. In other
words, clipping refers to part of a word that serves for the whole, such
as ad and phone from advertisement and telephone, respectively. The term is also known as
a clipped form, clipped word, shortening, and truncation.

A clipped form generally has the same denotative meaning as the word it comes from,
but it's regarded as more colloquial and informal. Clipping also makes it easier to spell and
write many words. For example, a clipped form may replace the original word in everyday
usage such as the use of piano in place of pianoforte.

As noted, clipped words form through a social process, such as students preferring to
use shortened forms of common terms, as noted in 'Contemporary Linguistics.' The same
kind of social forces lead to the creation of clipped words in other English-speaking countries
such as Britain," says David Crystal, a leading authority on language.

There are also several clippings which retain material from more than one part of the
word, such as maths (UK), gents, and specs....Several clipped forms also show adaptation,
such as fries (from french fried potatoes), Betty (from Elizabeth), and Bill (from William).

Clipped words are not abbreviations, contractions, or diminutives. True,

an abbreviation is a shortened form of a word or phrase. But abbreviations often end with a
period, such as Jan. for January, and are clearly understood to be stand-ins for the full term. A
contraction is a word or phrase such as that's, a form of that has been shortened by dropping
one or more letters. In writing, an apostrophe takes the place of the missing
letters. A diminutive is a word form or suffix that indicates smallness, such
as doggie for dog and Tommie for Thomas.

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B. Types of Clipping

There are several types of clipping, including final, initial, and complex.

1. Final clipping, also called apocope, is just what the term implies: clipping or cutting off
the last syllable or syllables of a word to form the clipped term, such
as info for information and gas for gasoline.
2. Initial clipping, also called apheresis, is the clipping of the initial part of the beginning of
the word, also called fore-clipping, according to the Journal of English
Lexicology. Examples of fore-clipping include bot for robot and chute for parachute.
3. Complex clipping, as the name implies, is more involved. It is the shortening of a
compound word by preserving and combining its initial parts (or first syllables),
says ESL.ph, an online site for learning English as a second language. Examples include:
 Sci-fi for science fiction
 Sitcom for situation comedy
 Grandma for grandmother
 Perm for permanent wave
 Shrink for head shrinker

As you see, clipped words are not always respectful terms. Indeed, some great literary
figures vigorously opposed them, such as Jonathan Swift, who made his feelings clear in the
tellingly named "A Proposal for Correcting, Improving and Ascertaining the English
Tongue," first published in 1712. He saw clipping as a symptom of "barbaric" social forces
that had to be tamped down "This perpetual Disposition to shorten our Words, by retrenching
the Vowels, is nothing else but a tendency to lapse into the Barbarity of those Northern
Nations from whom we are descended, and whose Languages labour all under the same
Defect."

So, the next time you hear or use a clipped word, do so knowing that it is considered
acceptable in English, but remember that these shortened terms have a long and somewhat
controversial history.

C. Examples and Observations

According to the book, "Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction," Some of the

most common products of clipping are names Liz, Ron, Rob, and Sue, which are shortened
forms of Elizabeth, Ronald, Robert, and Susan. The authors note that clipping is especially

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popular in the speech of students, where it has yielded forms like prof for professor, phys-
ed for physical education, and poli-sci for political science.

However, many clipped forms have also been accepted in general usage: doc, ad, auto,
lab, sub, porn, demo, and condo. The authors add that "A more recent example of this sort
that has become part of general English vocabulary is fax, from facsimile (meaning 'exact
copy or reproduction')."

Other examples of clipped forms in English include biz, caps, celebs, deli, exam, flu,
gator, hippo, hood, info, intro, lab, limo, mayo, max, perm, photo, ref, reps, rhino, sax, stats,
temp, thru, tux, ump, veep, and vet.

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 CHAPTER II
CLOSING

A. Conclusion

In morphology, clipping is the process of forming a new word by dropping one or

more syllables from a polysyllabic word, such as cellphone from cellular phone. There are
three types of clipping : final, initial, and complex clipping. Examples of clipped forms in
English include biz, caps, celebs, deli, exam, flu, gator, hippo, hood, info, intro, lab, limo,
mayo, max, perm, photo, ref, reps, rhino, sax, stats, temp, thru, tux, ump, veep, and vet.

B. Advice
In making this paper, we realize that there are still flaws and errors due to the
limitations of knowledge we have, hence, we ask criticism and advice from the readers.

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 REFERENCES

Nordquist, R. (2019, August 22). Definition of Clipping in Linguistic Plus Examples. Retrieved
September 18, 2019, from https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-clipping-words-1689855

Ramadhan, F. (2016, April 06). Makalah "Morohology Composing Word-Formation". Retrieved

September 18, 2019, from http://fietramadhan.blogspot.com/2016/04/makalah-morphology-
composing-word.html?m=1