SYNTHESIS OF BIOPLASTIC OF CASSAVA STARCH

 Department: FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

 Chapters: 1-5

 Pages: 56

 Attributes: Abstract, Data Analysis, Questionniare.

1.1 INTRODUCTION

One of the most current concern with the environment is the accumulated
waste of non-degradable plastics. It create a great expectation for more
ecological and economically viable alternative to minimise the
environmental impact. Several materials from agricultural resources have
been used to produce renewable, biodegradable and even more edible
packaging. Cassava flour for example is one of the most commonly used
biopolymers as food packaging material because it is non-toxic,
biodegradable, biocompatible, low cost, renewable and abundantly
available in nature. The major component of cassava flour is starch but it
may content small amount of lipid, protein, fiber and ash. The starch plays
important role in bioplastic forming. Today starch based bioplastics
dominates 66% of the global bioplastic market. Starch based bioplastic is
made by gelatinizing starch.

Cassava is extensively cultivated as an annual crop in tropical and

subtropical regions for its edible starchy tuberous root which is a major
source of Carbohydrates. Starch is mainly used as food but also readily
converted chemically, physically and biologically into many useful products.
Starch is used to produce many products such as food, paper, textiles,
adhesives, beverages, confectionery, pharmaceuticals and building
materials. Casava starch has many remarkable characteristics, including
high paste viscosity, high paste clarity and high freeze - thaw stability,
which are advantages to many industries.

Bioplastics are plastics which all carbon is derived from renewable

resources. They may or may not be biodegradable. Bioplastics contain both
renewable and fossilfuel- based carbon.

Bioplastics are plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment. This is

achieved when microorganisms in the environment metabolize and break
down the structure of biodegradable plastic.

Biodegradable plastics are less harmful to the environment than traditional

or conventional plastics. Bioplastics are made from natural materials such
as Corn starch and Casava starch.
1.2. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM.

Parkaging plays a significant part in recent years as over 67 million tonnes

of packaging waste resulting in environmental concerns. This provokes
many different processes, for example, the using of additives such as filters,
colourants and plasticizers to produce polymers as packaging applications.
(Song J. H., Murphy R. J., Narayan R., Davies G. B. H. 2009.
Biodegradable and Compostable alternativs to Conventional plastics. Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. B. 364. 2127 - 2139.)

1.3. OBJECTIVES OF STUDY

The major objectve is the Synthesis of biodegradable plastic of Cassava

starch.

1.4. RESEARCH QUESTIONS

~ What are biodegradable plastics?

~ What is significance of synthesis of biodegradable plastic?

~ Why is Cassava starch preferred for the synthesis of biodegradable

plastic?

~ Why is bioplastics preferred to other plastics?

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

Environmental, economic, and safety challenges have caused many

scientists to invent biodegradable polymers as a substitute for
petrochemical based polymers. This biodegradable polymers or bioplastics
indicate more eco- friendly environment than the conventional plastic which
lead to environmental issue. (Reddy L. Reddy S. Gupta A. 2013. Study of
Bioplastics as green and sustainable alternative to plastic. IJETAE 3. 75-
81.)

The persistent problem in the development of biodegradable plastics is the

high cost of production which leads to certain limitations. An alternative has
been proposed by using agriculture waste. (Jain R. Tiwari A. 2015.
Biosynthesis of plant friendly bioplastics using renewable carbon source. J.
Environ Health Sci. Eng. 13.)

Starch as biodegradable polymer becomes reasonable material for the

production of bioplastic because of its low cost. (Mose B. R., Marangas M.
2011. A review on starch based nanocomposites for bioplastic materials. J.
Mat Sci Eng 1. 239- 245)
Therefore, production of bioplastics is the breakdown innovation to solve
the environmental issues by using renewable and degradable natural
resources in order to provide more costly effective bioplastics.

1.6. SCOPE OF STUDY

The research focus on the synthesis of biodegradable plastic using Casava

starch.

REFERENCES

1. Jain R., Tiwari A. 2015. Biosynthesis of plant friendly bioplastics using

renewable carbon source. J. Environ. Health Sci Eng 13.

2. Mose B. R, Marango S.M. 2011. A review on starch based

nanocomposites for bioplastic materials. J.Mat Sci. Eng 1. 239-245.

3. Reddy L. Reddy S. Gupta A. 2013. Study of bioplastics as green and

sustainable alternative to plastic. IJEJAE 3 76-81.

4. Song J. H., Murphy R.J., Narayan R., Davies G. B. H. 2009.

Biodegradable and compostable alternatives to conventional plastics. Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. B. 364. 2127 - 2139.

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